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Sfeatcu R, Balgiu BA, Mihai C, Petre A, Pantea M, Tribus L. Gender Differences in Oral Health: Self-Reported Attitudes, Values, Behaviours and Literacy among Romanian Adults. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12101603. [PMID: 36294742 PMCID: PMC9604615 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12101603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A topic that has been less researched on, especially in Romania, is the identification of gender differences in oral health. The present scientific research used an online survey to assess the attitudes (dental beliefs survey-R/R-DBS), the values (oral health values scale/OHVS), the behaviours (dental neglect scale/DNS), and the literacy (oral health literacy scale/OHLS) related to oral health and to dental professional services in the case of a sample of 600 Romanian adults (Meanage = 30.84). The relation between the level of knowledge as a predictor of attitudes and values related to oral health was analysed by the means of a structural equation based on the partial least square method (PLS-SEM). The results show that women have more positive attitudes towards dental medical services, higher oral health values, better self-care behaviours, and higher oral health literacy than men. In the case of men, attitudes and behaviours related to self-care are influenced by their oral health literacy and level of education; in the case of women, the latter are influenced only by their level of oral health literacy. The impact that knowledge in oral health has on attitudes, values, and behaviours was highlighted. The differences in attitudes and values related to oral health between the two genders can be accounted for by the differences in formal and informal education (studies and oral health literacy, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxandra Sfeatcu
- Department of Oral Health and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17–21 Calea Plevnei Street, 010221 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Beatrice Adriana Balgiu
- Department of Career and Educational Training, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independenţei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (B.A.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Christina Mihai
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17–21 Calea Plevnei Street, 010221 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Petre
- Department of Aesthetics in Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17–21 Calea Plevnei Street, 010221 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Pantea
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics and Occlusology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17–23 Calea Plevnei Street, 010221 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (B.A.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Laura Tribus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17–21 Calea Plevnei Street, 010221 Bucharest, Romania
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Coman MA, Forray AI, Van den Broucke S, Chereches RM. Measuring Health Literacy in Romania: Validation of the HLS-EU-Q16 Survey Questionnaire. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1604272. [PMID: 35185446 PMCID: PMC8855985 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Empirical data on health literacy (HL) for Romania is almost inexistent. The present study aimed to validate the HLS-EU-Q16 questionnaire for the Romanian population and explore the predictors of HL in the North-West Region of the country. Methods: A non-experimental, cross-sectional study was conducted between March and November 2019 on a representative, stratified random sample of 1,622 participants from the North-Western Region of Romania. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Principal component analysis (PCA), Pearson correlations, and Chronbach’s Alpha were used to validate the scale. Linear regressions were conducted to assess the determinants of health literacy. Results: Results obtained for the HL scale support its factorial component and reliability, with a Cronbach’s alpha of α = 0.84. Age, gender, education and self-reported health status were identified as determinants of HL. Conclusion: Study findings indicate that the Romanian version of HLS-EU-Q16 is psychometrically sound and comparable to the original version. These results provide the first validated tool to measure HL in Romanian and the first population level data for Romania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina Adina Coman
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- *Correspondence: Madalina Adina Coman,
| | - Alina Ioana Forray
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Stephan Van den Broucke
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Catholic University of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Razvan Mircea Chereches
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Rath A, Wong M, Pannuti CM, Hesarghatta Ramamurthy P, Fernandes B, Shelton A, Muttalib KA. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of Malay version of Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (MREALD-30) among Orang Asli population in Malaysia. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:519. [PMID: 34641831 PMCID: PMC8513292 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01866-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to adapt, translate and validate the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (MREALD-30) instrument for the Orang Asli population in Malaysia. METHODS After translation and cross-cultural adaptation, interviews were conducted with 326 participants of the Temuan tribe from village Kampung Tering in Johol, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. The instrument's validity was assessed using the scores of MREALD-30, which were compared based on occupation, monthly household income, educational attainment, general literacy, use of dental services, and three dental outcomes. A questionnaire containing socio-behavioral information and validated Malay Oral Health Impact Profile (M-OHIP-14) was also administered. The reliability of the MREALD-30 was assessed by re-administering it to 30 subjects after two weeks. Its correlations evaluated convergent and discriminative validity of MREALD-30 with the level of education and dental visiting habits, monthly household income, respectively. Predictive validity was assessed with M-OHIP-14, while construct validity was evaluated by exploratory factor analysis using the Rasch model. RESULTS The internal consistency of the MREALD-30 measured by Cronbach's alpha was 0.89. The test-retest reliability was excellent (ICC 0.95, k = 0.85). MREALD-30 exhibited good construct validity. Rasch analysis showed two factors, and infit mean-square statistics for MREALD-30 were all within the desired range of 0.50-2.0. The discriminant validity and predictive validity were statistically significant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS MREALD-30 showed very strong reliability, good construct, discriminant, and predictive validity, but poor convergent validity. Overall, it showed good psychometric properties and can be used in these community settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avita Rath
- Faculty of Dentistry, SEGi University, No. 9 Jalan Teknologi PJU5, 47810, Kota Damansara, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Melissa Wong
- Faculty of Dentistry, SEGi University, No. 9 Jalan Teknologi PJU5, 47810, Kota Damansara, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Bennete Fernandes
- Faculty of Dentistry, SEGi University, No. 9 Jalan Teknologi PJU5, 47810, Kota Damansara, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Khairiyah Abdul Muttalib
- Faculty of Dentistry, SEGi University, No. 9 Jalan Teknologi PJU5, 47810, Kota Damansara, Selangor, Malaysia
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Praveen S, Parmar J, Chandio N, Arora A. A Systematic Review of Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of Oral Health Literacy Tools. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:10422. [PMID: 34639729 PMCID: PMC8508111 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this systematic review were to critically appraise the quality of the cross-cultural adaptation and the psychometric properties of the translated versions of oral health literacy assessment tools. CINAHL (EBSCO), Medline (EBSCO), EMBASE (Ovid), and ProQuest Dissertation and Thesis were searched systematically. Studies focusing on cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of oral health literacy tools were included. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed according to the COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist. Sixteen oral health literacy instruments in 11 different languages were included in this systematic review. However, only seven instruments met the criteria for an accurate cross-cultural adaptation process, while the remaining tools failed to meet at least one criterion for suitable quality of cross-cultural adaptation process. None of the studies evaluated all the aspects of psychometric properties. Most of the studies reported internal consistency, reliability, structural validity, and construct validity. Despite adequate ratings for some reported psychometric properties, the methodological quality of studies on translated versions of oral health literacy tools was mostly doubtful to inadequate. Researchers and clinicians should follow standard guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation and assess all aspects of psychometric properties for using oral health literacy tools in cross-cultural settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobiya Praveen
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (S.P.); (J.P.); (N.C.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Jinal Parmar
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (S.P.); (J.P.); (N.C.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Navira Chandio
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (S.P.); (J.P.); (N.C.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Amit Arora
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (S.P.); (J.P.); (N.C.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Clinical School Child and Adolescent Health, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District and Sydney Dental Hospital, NSW Health, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia
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