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Malkemper EP, Mason MJ, Kagerbauer D, Nimpf S, Keays DA. Ectopic otoconial formation in the lagena of the pigeon inner ear. Biol Open 2018; 7:bio034462. [PMID: 29997242 PMCID: PMC6124575 DOI: 10.1242/bio.034462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The vertebrate inner ear contains vestibular receptors with dense crystals of calcium carbonate, the otoconia. The production and maintenance of otoconia is a delicate process, the perturbation of which can lead to severe vestibular dysfunction in humans. The details of these processes are not well understood. Here, we report the discovery of a new otoconial mass in the lagena of adult pigeons that was present in more than 70% of birds. Based on histological, tomographic and elemental analyses, we conclude that the structure likely represents an ectopically-formed otoconial assembly. Given its frequent natural occurrence, we suggest that the pigeon lagena is a valuable model system for investigating misregulated otoconial formation.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pascal Malkemper
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus Vienna Biocenter 1, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Matthew J Mason
- University of Cambridge, Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | | | - Simon Nimpf
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus Vienna Biocenter 1, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - David A Keays
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus Vienna Biocenter 1, Vienna 1030, Austria
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Weigele J, Franz-Odendaal TA, Hilbig R. Not All Inner Ears are the Same: Otolith Matrix Proteins in the Inner Ear of Sub-Adult Cichlid Fish,Oreochromis Mossambicus, Reveal Insights Into the Biomineralization Process. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2015; 299:234-45. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Weigele
- Zoological Institute, University of Stuttgart-Hohenheim; Garbenstrasse 30 Stuttgart 73734 Germany
- Department of Biology; Mount Saint Vincent University; 166 Bedford Highway Halifax Nova Scotia B3M 2J6 Canada
| | - Tamara A. Franz-Odendaal
- Department of Biology; Mount Saint Vincent University; 166 Bedford Highway Halifax Nova Scotia B3M 2J6 Canada
| | - Reinhard Hilbig
- Zoological Institute, University of Stuttgart-Hohenheim; Garbenstrasse 30 Stuttgart 73734 Germany
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Jandacka P, Burda H, Pistora J. Magnetically induced behaviour of ferritin corpuscles in avian ears: can cuticulosomes function as magnetosomes? J R Soc Interface 2015; 12:20141087. [PMID: 25551148 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2014.1087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetoreception is an enigmatic, poorly understood sensory ability, described mainly on the basis of behavioural studies in animals of diverse taxa. Recently, corpuscles containing superparamagnetic iron-storage protein ferritin were found in the inner ear hair cells of birds, a predominantly single ferritin corpuscle per cell. It was suggested that these corpuscles might represent magnetosomes and function as magnetosensors. Here we determine ferritin low-field paramagnetic susceptibility to estimate its magnetically induced intracellular behaviour. Physical simulations show that ferritin corpuscles cannot be deformed or rotate in weak geomagnetic fields, and thus cannot provide magnetoreception via deformation of the cuticular plate. Furthermore, we reached an alternative hypothesis that ferritin corpuscle in avian ears may function as an intracellular electromagnetic oscillator. Such an oscillator would generate additional cellular electric potential related to normal cell conditions. Though the phenomenon seems to be weak, this effect deserves further analyses.
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Lefeldt N, Heyers D, Schneider NL, Engels S, Elbers D, Mouritsen H. Magnetic field-driven induction of ZENK in the trigeminal system of pigeons (Columba livia). J R Soc Interface 2015; 11:20140777. [PMID: 25232052 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2014.0777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetoreception remains one of the few unsolved mysteries in sensory biology. The upper beak, which is innervated by the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve (V1), has been suggested to contain magnetic sensors based on ferromagnetic structures. Recently, its existence in pigeons has been seriously challenged by studies suggesting that the previously described iron-accumulations are macrophages, not magnetosensitive nerve endings. This raised the fundamental question of whether V1 is involved in magnetoreception in pigeons at all. We exposed pigeons to either a constantly changing magnetic field (CMF), to a zero magnetic field providing no magnetic information, or to CMF conditions after V1 was cut bilaterally. Using immediate early genes as a marker of neuronal responsiveness, we report that the trigeminal brainstem nuclei of pigeons, which receive V1 input, are activated under CMF conditions and that this neuronal activation disappears if the magnetic stimuli are removed or if V1 is cut. Our data suggest that the trigeminal system in pigeons is involved in processing magnetic field information and that V1 transmits this information from currently unknown, V1-associated magnetosensors to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nele Lefeldt
- AG Neurosensorik/Animal Navigation, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Heyers
- AG Neurosensorik/Animal Navigation, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Nils-Lasse Schneider
- AG Neurosensorik/Animal Navigation, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Svenja Engels
- AG Neurosensorik/Animal Navigation, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Dana Elbers
- AG Neurosensorik/Animal Navigation, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Henrik Mouritsen
- AG Neurosensorik/Animal Navigation, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
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Wang J, Du X, Pan W, Wang X, Wu W. Photoactivation of the cryptochrome/photolyase superfamily. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kishkinev DA, Chernetsov NS. Magnetoreception systems in birds: A review of current research. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079086415010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Jandacka P, Kasparova B, Jiraskova Y, Dedkova K, Mamulova-Kutlakova K, Kukutschova J. Iron-based granules in body of bumblebees. Biometals 2014; 28:89-99. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-014-9805-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Winklhofer
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.
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Hellinger J, Hoffmann KP. Magnetic field perception in the rainbow trout Oncorynchus mykiss: magnetite mediated, light dependent or both? J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2012; 198:593-605. [PMID: 22592858 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-012-0732-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we demonstrate the role of the trigeminal system in the perception process of different magnetic field parameters by heartbeat conditioning, i.e. a significantly longer interval between two consecutive heartbeats after magnetic stimulus onset in the salmonid fish Oncorhynchus mykiss. The electrocardiogram was recorded with subcutaneous silver wire electrodes in freely swimming fish. Inactivation of the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve by local anaesthesia revealed its role in the perception of intensity/inclination of the magnetic field by abolishing the conditioned response (CR). In contrast, experiments with 90° direction shifts clearly showed the normal conditioning effect during trigeminal inactivation. In experiments under red light and in darkness, CR occurred in case of both the intensity/inclination stimulation and 90° direction shifts, respectively. With regard to the data obtained, we propose the trigeminal system to perceive the intensity/inclination of the magnetic field in rainbow trouts and suggest the existence of another light-independent sensory structure that enables fish to detect the magnetic field direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Hellinger
- Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine Zoologie und Neurobiologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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Mouritsen H, Hore PJ. The magnetic retina: light-dependent and trigeminal magnetoreception in migratory birds. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2012; 22:343-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Revised: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Khorevin VI. Cerebellar Projections of the Lagena (the Third Inner Ear Otolith Endorgan) in the Pigeon. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-010-9127-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Galicia S, Cortes C, Galindo F, Flores A. Development of Spontaneous Activity and Response Properties of Primary Lagenar Neurons in the Chick. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2010; 30:327-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-009-9464-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Accepted: 09/18/2009] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Cadiou H, McNaughton PA. Avian magnetite-based magnetoreception: a physiologist's perspective. J R Soc Interface 2010; 7 Suppl 2:S193-205. [PMID: 20106875 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2009.0423.focus] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now well established that animals use the Earth's magnetic field to perform long-distance migration and other navigational tasks. However, the transduction mechanisms that allow the conversion of magnetic field variations into an electric signal by specialized sensory cells remain largely unknown. Among the species that have been shown to sense Earth-strength magnetic fields, birds have been a model of choice since behavioural tests show that their direction-finding abilities are strongly influenced by magnetic fields. Magnetite, a ferromagnetic mineral, has been found in a wide range of organisms, from bacteria to vertebrates. In birds, both superparamagnetic (SPM) and single-domain magnetite have been found to be associated with the trigeminal nerve. Electrophysiological recordings from cells in the trigeminal ganglion have shown an increase in action potential firing in response to magnetic field changes. More recently, histological evidence has demonstrated the presence of SPM magnetite in the subcutis of the pigeon's upper beak. The aims of the present review are to review the evidence for a magnetite-based mechanism in birds and to introduce physiological concepts in order to refine the proposed models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Cadiou
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK.
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László J. Physiological effects of static magnetic fields. Orv Hetil 2009; 150:1267-73. [DOI: 10.1556/oh.2009.28654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Az alábbiakban kísérletet teszek arra, hogy röviden számot adjak a sztatikus mágneses terek eddig bizonyított élettani hatásairól, kiemelve a hazai tapasztalatokat. E tudományterület fejlődésének jelentős lökést adott a nukleáris magrezonancia módszer elterjedése az orvosi diagnosztikában. Idehaza eddig elsősorban a kísérleti farmakológia, illetve neurológia eszköztárába tartozó kísérletek közül vezetett több pozitív eredményre. Ezek alapján a következő két megalapozott kijelentést tehetjük: 1. Létrehozható olyan sztatikus mágneses tér, amelynek állatkísérletben bizonyított, statisztikusan szignifikáns fiziológiás hatása van. 2. Ez a hatás biológiai, a mágneses tér a szervezet endogén rendszereit mozgósítja egy-egy patologikus folyamat leküzdésére. Választ elsősorban arra keresünk, hogy vajon fel tudjuk-e ezt a hatást használni terápiás célokra.
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Affiliation(s)
- János László
- 1 Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Matematikai Tudományok Osztálya Budapest Nádor u. 7. 1051
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