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Lian B, Yang Y, Zheng B, Si L, Zhou L, Chi Z, Mao L, Wang X, Li S, Li J, Wang L, Guo J, Cui C. Efficacy and Safety of Postoperative Adjuvant Radiation Therapy in Resected Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Mucosal Melanoma: A Combined Analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024:S0360-3016(24)00437-1. [PMID: 38522768 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2024.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mucosal melanoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (NPMM) is a highly aggressive disease. The role of postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy is controversial. METHODS AND MATERIALS A total of 300 patients with NPMM treated between March 2009 and January 2020 were divided into surgery alone (SA; 158 patients) and surgery plus radiation therapy (SR; 142 patients) groups. Postoperative radiation therapy was recommended, with a total dose of 65 to 70 Gy/30 to 35 fractions to the gross tumor volume and 60 Gy/30 fractions to the clinical target volume. The primary endpoint was relapse-free survival. Secondary endpoints included local recurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, and overall survival. RESULTS At a median follow-up of 50.0 months, relapse-free survival in the SA and SR groups was 9.8 and 15.2 months (hazard ratio [HR], 0.714; 95% CI, 0.546-0.933; P = .014). Distant metastasis-free survival in the SA and SR groups was 23.8 and 21.3 months (HR, 0.896; 95% CI, 15.7-31.9 vs 13.3-29.3; P = .457). Overall survival in the SA and SR groups was 31.0 and 35.1 months (HR, 0.816; 95% CI, 25.7-36.3 vs 27.1-43.2; P = .178). For patients with stage IVA NPMM, radiation therapy reduced the incidence of relapse by 0.43-fold. CONCLUSIONS Postoperative radiation therapy played a crucial role in the local control of resected NPMM, especially in patients with stage T4a or IVA disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lian
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Baomin Zheng
- Radiotherapy, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Si
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Chi
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Mao
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Siming Li
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Baotou Tumor Hospital, Baotou, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
| | - Chuanliang Cui
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
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Nomura M. Definitive treatment for head and neck mucosal melanoma. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2023; 53:1112-1118. [PMID: 37609679 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyad109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck mucosal melanoma is a rare clinical subtype of melanoma or head and neck cancer. Mucosal melanoma is aetiologically and molecularly distinct from cutaneous melanoma. The therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for head and neck mucosal melanoma remains unclear. Surgery is considered as the mainstay of treatment for locally advanced head and neck mucosal melanoma, and adjuvant radiotherapy has a role in local disease control. New treatment modalities, such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy, have changed the treatment of cutaneous melanoma. However, patients with mucosal melanoma have been excluded from most Phase III clinical trials. Due to its rarity, outcome data for locally advanced head and neck mucosal melanoma are scarce and are mainly based on retrospective studies with limited case numbers. The objective of this review was to provide an update and overview of clinical trials, prospective observational studies and retrospective studies and discuss future directions for multimodal treatment of locally advanced head and neck mucosal melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoo Nomura
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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3
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Ho J, Mattei J, Tetzlaff M, Williams MD, Davies MA, Diab A, Oliva ICG, McQuade J, Patel SP, Tawbi H, Wong MK, Fisher SB, Hanna E, Keung EZ, Ross M, Weiser R, Su SY, Frumovitz M, Meyer LA, Jazaeri A, Pettaway CA, Guadagnolo BA, Bishop AJ, Mitra D, Farooqi A, Bassett R, Faria S, Nagarajan P, Amaria RN. Neoadjuvant checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy for resectable mucosal melanoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1001150. [PMID: 36324592 PMCID: PMC9618687 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1001150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neoadjuvant checkpoint inhibition (CPI) has recently demonstrated impressive outcomes in patients with stage 3 cutaneous melanoma. However, the safety, efficacy, and outcome of neoadjuvant CPI in patients with mucosal melanoma (MM) are not well studied as MM is a rare melanoma subtype. CPI such as combination nivolumab and ipilimumab achieves response rates of 37-43% in unresectable or metastatic MM but there is limited data regarding the efficacy of these agents in the preoperative setting. We hypothesize that neoadjuvant CPI is a safe and feasible approach for patients with resectable MM. Method Under an institutionally approved protocol, we identified adult MM patients with resectable disease who received neoadjuvant anti-PD1 +/- anti-CTLA4 between 2015 to 2019 at our institution. Clinical information include age, gender, presence of nodal involvement or satellitosis, functional status, pre-treatment LDH, tumor mutation status, and treatment data was collected. Outcomes include event free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), pathologic response rate (PRR), and grade ≥3 toxicities. Results We identified 36 patients. Median age was 62; 58% were female. Seventy-eight percent of patients received anti-PD1 + anti-CTLA4. Node positive disease or satellite lesions was present at the time of treatment initiation in 47% of patients. Primary sites of disease were anorectal (53%), urogenital (25%), head and neck (17%), and esophageal (6%). A minority of patients did not undergo surgery due to complete response (n=3, 8%) and disease progression (n=6, 17%), respectively. With a median follow up of 37.9 months, the median EFS was 9.2 months with 3-year EFS rate of 29%. Median OS had not been reached and 3-year OS rate was 55%. ORR was 47% and PRR was 35%. EFS was significantly higher for patients with objective response and for patients with pathologic response. OS was significantly higher for patients with pathologic response. Grade 3 toxicities were reported in 39% of patients. Conclusion Neoadjuvant CPI for resectable MM is a feasible approach with signs of efficacy and an acceptable safety profile. As there is currently no standard approach for resectable MM, this study supports further investigations using neoadjuvant therapy for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Ho
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States,*Correspondence: Joel Ho,
| | - Jane Mattei
- Oncology Department, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Michael Tetzlaff
- Division of Dermatopathology, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Michelle D. Williams
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Michael A. Davies
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Adi Diab
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Isabella C. Glitza Oliva
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jennifer McQuade
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sapna P. Patel
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hussein Tawbi
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Michael K. Wong
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sarah B. Fisher
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ehab Hanna
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Emily Z. Keung
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Merrick Ross
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Roi Weiser
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Shirley Y. Su
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Michael Frumovitz
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Larissa A. Meyer
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Amir Jazaeri
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Curtis A. Pettaway
- Department of Urologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - B. Ashleigh Guadagnolo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Andrew J. Bishop
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Devarati Mitra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ahsan Farooqi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Roland Bassett
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Silvana Faria
- Department of Abdominal Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Priyadharsini Nagarajan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rodabe N. Amaria
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Lian B, Si L, Chi ZH, Sheng XN, Kong Y, Wang X, Tian H, Li K, Mao LL, Bai X, Tang BX, Yan XQ, Li SM, Zhou L, Dai J, Tang XW, Ran FW, Yao S, Guo J, Cui CL. Toripalimab (anti-PD-1) versus High-Dose Interferon-α2b as Adjuvant Therapy in Resected Mucosal Melanoma: A Phase II Randomized Trial. Ann Oncol 2022; 33:1061-1070. [PMID: 35842199 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No standard of care for mucosal melanoma (MM) in the adjuvant setting has been established. Meanwhile, relapse-free survival (RFS) is only about five months after surgery alone. This phase II trial aimed to compare toripalimab vs. high-dose interferon-α2b (HDI) as an adjuvant therapy for resected MM. PATIENTS AND METHODS From July 2017 to May 2019, 145 patients with resected MM were randomized (1:1) to receive HDI (N = 72) or toripalimab (N = 73) for one year until disease relapse/distant metastasis, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent. The primary endpoint was RFS. The secondary endpoints included distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 26.3 months, the numbers of RFS, OS, and DMFS events were 51 vs. 46, 33 vs. 29, and 49 vs. 44 in the toripalimab arm and the HDI arm, respectively. The median RFS were 13.6 (95%CI: 8.31-19.02) months and 13.9 (95%CI: 8.28-19.61) months in the toripalimab arm and HDI arm, respectively. The DMFS was not significantly different between the two arms (HR: 1.00, 95%CI: 0.65-1.54). The median OS was 35.1 months (95%CI: 27.93-NR) in the toripalimab arm, with no significant difference in all-cause death (HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.66-1.84) for the two arms. The median sums of the patients' actual infusion doses were 3672 mg and 1054.5 MIU in the toripalimab arm and HDI arm, respectively. The incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events with a grade ≥ 3 was much higher in the HDI arm than in the toripalimab arm (87.5% vs. 27.4%). CONCLUSION Toripalimab showed a similar RFS and a more favorable safety profile than HDI, both better than historical data, suggesting that toripalimab might be the better treatment option. However, additional translational studies and better treatment regimens are still warranted to improve the clinical outcome of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lian
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - L Si
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Z H Chi
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - X N Sheng
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Y Kong
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - H Tian
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - K Li
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - L L Mao
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - X Bai
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - B X Tang
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - X Q Yan
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - S M Li
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - L Zhou
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - J Dai
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - X W Tang
- Shanghai Junshi Biosciences, Shanghai, China
| | - F W Ran
- Shanghai Junshi Biosciences, Shanghai, China
| | - S Yao
- Shanghai Junshi Biosciences, Shanghai, China
| | - J Guo
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - C L Cui
- Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
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Jiang S, Fan R, Zhang H, Jiang W, Xie Z. Outcomes of endoscopic and open resection of sinonasal malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 88 Suppl 5:S19-S31. [PMID: 34348855 PMCID: PMC9800954 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of endoscopic and open resection of sinonasal malignancies. METHODS The search was performed using PubMed (1950-2020), Embase (1974-2020), the Cochrane library, and the website clinicaltrials.gov. The hazard ratio, HR, 95% confidence interval, CI, of the rates of overall survival and disease-free survival and the demographic characteristics of the included studies were extracted and analyzed. Pooled analysis was conducted with the studies' individual patient data, using log-rank test, Kaplan-Meier survival, and Cox regression analysis. RESULTS Of 1939 articles retrieved, 23 articles were included. Overall, 1373 cases were incorporated into the final analysis, 653 (47.56%) of which underwent the surgery through an endoscopic approach, whereas 720 (52.44%) cases utilized the open approach. The overall survival was comparable between endoscopic and open resection (HR = 0.84 [95% CI: 0.65-1.07], p = 0.16; random effects analysis). Pooled analysis with Cox regression revealed signifcant differences in overall survival (HR = 0.568 [95%CI:0.380-0.849], p = 0.006) and disease-free survival (HR = 0.628 [95%CI:0.424-0.929], p = 0.02) between endoscopic and open approaches. CONCLUSION The aggregated evidence suggests the survival outcome of endoscopic resection is comparable or greater than that of open resection of sinonasal malignancies.
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Pincet L, Lambercy K, Pasche P, Broome M, Latifyan S, Reinhard A. Mucosal Melanoma of the Head and Neck: A Retrospective Review and Current Opinion. Front Surg 2021; 7:616174. [PMID: 33585548 PMCID: PMC7873938 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2020.616174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Head and Neck Mucosal Melanoma (HNMM) is an uncommon malignancy that arises in decreasing order in the nasal cavity, the paranasal sinuses, and the oral cavity. Although radical surgery followed by eventual radiotherapy is acknowledged as the mainstay treatment, patients with advanced stages or multi-focal tumors benefit from new systemic therapies. We wish to share our experience with these treatments and review the current literature. Materials and Methods: We present a case review of every patient treated in our center for an HNMM over the past 10 years, including every patient treated in our center for an HNMM over the past 10 years. We analyzed clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes. Results: We included eight patients aged from 62 to 85 years old. We found six MM in the nasal cavity, one in the sphenoidal sinus, and one in the piriform sinus. Six patients underwent endoscopic surgery with negative margins, six underwent radiotherapy with variable modalities. Immunotherapy or targeted therapy was given in cases extensive tumors without the possibility of a surgical treatment or in two patient as an adjuvant treatment after R0 surgery. The three-year overall survival was 50%, and three patients (37.5%) are in remission. Conclusions: HNMM is associated with poor oncologic outcomes regarding the concerned patients of our review, as reported in the literature. New treatments such as immunotherapies or targeted therapies have not significantly changed the prognosis, but they may offer new interesting perspectives. Our small series of cases seems to confirm that surgical resection with negative margins improves overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Martin Broome
- Maxillofacial Department, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Wen X, Li D, Zhao J, Li J, Yang T, Ding Y, Peng R, Zhu B, Huang F, Zhang X. Time-varying pattern of recurrence risk for localized melanoma in China. World J Surg Oncol 2020; 18:6. [PMID: 31901239 PMCID: PMC6942369 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-019-1775-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acral and mucosal melanomas are rarely seen in Caucasians but common in China. There are limited data on the recurrence characteristics for these patients. This study aimed to identify the recurrence pattern for localized melanoma in China, especially acral and mucosal subtypes. METHODS Patients with localized melanoma who underwent radical resection between January 1999 and December 2014 in southern China were retrospectively reviewed. Survival and annual recurrence hazard were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method and hazard function, respectively. RESULTS Totally, 1012 patients were included (acral melanoma 400; chronic sun-induced damage (CSD)/non-CSD melanoma 314; mucosal melanoma 298). Recurrence was recorded in 808 patients (localized 14.1%; regional 29.6%, and distant 56.3%). Mucosal melanoma had local and M1c stage recurrence more frequently than cutaneous melanoma, but less frequent regional node relapse. There was no difference in recurrent site distribution between acral and CSD/non-CSD melanoma. The annual recurrence hazard curve for the entire cohort showed a double-peaked pattern with the first major peak in the second year after surgery and the second peak near the seventh year. Mucosal melanoma had a higher recurrence risk than cutaneous melanoma. Acral melanoma had a lower flat recurrence peak than CSD/non-CSD melanoma. Tumor thickness > 4.0 mm, ulceration, positive regional nodes, and wound infection were associated with a higher recurrence risk in cutaneous melanoma. Adjuvant therapy reduced the recurrence risk of cutaneous melanoma but not of mucosal melanoma. CONCLUSIONS This is a large cohort about the rule of recurrence risk in acral and mucosal melanoma and will provide an initial framework for development of surveillance and adjuvant strategy for Chinese melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xizhi Wen
- Biotherapy Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Li
- Biotherapy Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Biotherapy Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Biotherapy Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Ding
- Biotherapy Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiqing Peng
- Biotherapy Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoyan Zhu
- Biotherapy Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuxue Huang
- Biotherapy Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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