Determination of Copper in Quince Samples with a Matrix Matching Strategy Using Vortex Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Emulsification Liquid Phase Microextraction – Slotted Quartz Tube – Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Accurate and sensitive determination of Sb(III) in water samples using UV-VIS spectrophotometry after simultaneous complexation and preconcentration with deep eutectic solvent/DTZ probe-based liquid-liquid microextraction

This study describes the determination of trace levels of antimony(III) by UV-Vis spectrophotometer after preconcentration by the deep eutectic solvent/dithizone probe-based liquid-liquid microextraction method. Ditizone was used as a ligand to form the coordinated antimony complex before extraction in the preconcentration process. In the microextraction method developed in the study, deep eutectic solvent was used to dissolve the complexing agent; thus, the complexation was performed at the same time as the extraction of antimony complex by deep eutectic solvent. All variables likely to affect the ligand-antimony(III) complex, extraction efficiency, and spectroscopic measurement were optimized to lower the detection limit. Under the determined optimum conditions, the detection limit for Sb was calculated as 1.6 × 10^-3 mg/L. The detection limit obtained with the method is much lower than the value obtained in the Uv-Vis spectrophotometer with the traditional method. In this study, the percent relative standard deviation for the lowest concentration was calculated as 3.12% (n = 8). This value indicates that the analysis performed has high precision. The applicability of the method was determined by performing spiked recovery tests on tap water taken from different regions. Satisfactory recovery results were obtained between 91 and 105% at three different concentrations.

An environment-friendly and rapid liquid-liquid microextraction based on new synthesized hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent for separation and preconcentration of erythrosine (E127) in biological and pharmaceutical samples

In this study, a new deep eutectic solvent (DES) consist of tetrabuthylammonium bromide (TBABr) and 1-octanol at 1:2 M ratio was prepared for the first time and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (¹³C NMR) techniques. The new DES was used as an extraction solvent in the ultrasound assisted liquid-liquid microextraction (UA-LLME) of Erythrosine (E127) in blood, urine, pharmaceutical tablet and syrup samples. Accurate and sensitive determination of erythrosine was accomplished with the combination use of DES-UA-LLME and UV-Vis spectrophotometric detection. Before applying UA-LLME, while protein precipitation was applied to blood samples, pharmaceutical tablets were homogenized and dissolved in methanol. The proposed DES-UA-LLME/UV-VIS procedure was applied directly to urine, syrup sample and supernatant of blood and tablet samples with high recoveries in range of 90% and 100%. Erythrosine in the aqueous sample phase was extracted into 200 μL hydrophobic DES phase at pH 7.0. The effect of important analytical variables such as pH of sample solution, mol ratio of DES components, volume of DES, ultrasonic-based extraction time, sample volume and salt effect were optimized. The preconcentration factor (PF), limit of detection (LOD), intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSD, %) for the developed procedure were found as 40, 3.75 μg·L^-1, 2.6% and 4.6%, respectively.