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Nagaraja B, Janga JK, Hossain S, Verma G, Palomino AM, Reddy KR. Novel chitosan-based barrier materials for environmental containment: Synthesis, characterization, and contaminant removal capacities and mechanisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142285. [PMID: 38723684 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
This study critically appraises employing chitosan as a composite with bentonite, biochar, or both materials as an alternative to conventional barrier materials. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify the studies reporting chitosan-bentonite composite (CBC), chitosan amended biochar (CAB), and chitosan-bentonite-biochar composite (CBBC) for effective removal of various contaminants. The study aims to review the synthesis of these composites, identify fundamental properties affecting their adsorption capacities, and examine how these properties affect or enhance the removal abilities of other materials within the composite. Notably, CBC composites have the advantage of adsorbing both cationic and anionic species, such as heavy metals and dyes, due to the cationic nature of chitosan and the anionic nature of montmorillonite, along with the increased accessible surface area due to the clay. CAB composites have the unique advantage of being low-cost sorbents with high specific surface area, affinity for a wide range of contaminants owing to the high surface area and microporosity of biochar, and abundant available functional groups from the chitosan. Limited studies have reported the utilization of CBBC composites to remove various contaminants. These composites can be prepared by combining the steps employed in preparing CBC and CAB composites. They can benefit from the favorable adsorption properties of all three materials while also satisfying the mechanical requirements of a barrier material. This study serves as a knowledge base for future research to develop novel composite barrier materials by incorporating chitosan and biochar as amendments to bentonite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banuchandra Nagaraja
- Department of Civil, Materials, and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, 842 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
| | - Jagadeesh Kumar Janga
- Department of Civil, Materials, and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, 842 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
| | - Sadam Hossain
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, 423 John D. Tickle Building, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
| | - Gaurav Verma
- Department of Civil, Materials, and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, 842 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
| | - Angelica M Palomino
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, 423 John D. Tickle Building, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
| | - Krishna R Reddy
- Department of Civil, Materials, and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, 842 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
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Loc NX, Tuyen PTT, Mai LC, Phuong DTM. Chitosan-Modified Biochar and Unmodified Biochar for Methyl Orange: Adsorption Characteristics and Mechanism Exploration. TOXICS 2022; 10:500. [PMID: 36136465 PMCID: PMC9501881 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10090500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, shrimp shell-derived chitosan (CS) and rice husk-derived biochar (RHB) were produced; CS and RHB were then used to synthesize chitosan-modified biochar (CSBC) hydrogel beads. N2 adsorption (77K), SEM-EDX and FT-IR techniques were used to evaluate the physicochemical properties of the adsorbents. A batch experiment was conducted to test the methyl orange (MO) adsorption performance of RHB and CSBC. The results showed that the MO adsorption process was strongly pH-dependent. The kinetics were well described by the pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion models, assuming the chemisorption and intraparticle diffusion mechanisms govern the adsorption process. Homogeneous adsorption for MO on the surface of RHB and CSBC was also assumed since the isotherm data showed the best-fit to the Langmuir model. Under the experimental conditions of initial pH 3, dosage 0.2 g, contact time 240 min and temperature 298 K, the maximum adsorption capacity of CSBC and RHB for MO dye adsorption was 38.75 mg.g-1 and 31.63 mg.g-1, respectively. This result demonstrated that biochar had better performance after modification with chitosan, which provided more functional groups (i.e., -NH2 and -OH groups) for enhanced electrostatic interactions and complexation between MO and CSBC. Overall, CSBC is an effective adsorbent for the removal of MO from aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Xuan Loc
- Department of Environmental Sciences, College of the Environment and Natural Resources, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam
| | - Phan Thi Thanh Tuyen
- Department of Environmental Sciences, College of the Environment and Natural Resources, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam
| | - Le Chi Mai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of the Environment and Natural Resources, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam
| | - Do Thi My Phuong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of the Environment and Natural Resources, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam
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Gao N, Du W, Zhang M, Ling G, Zhang P. Chitosan-modified biochar: Preparation, modifications, mechanisms and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:31-49. [PMID: 35390400 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The chitosan-modified biochar composite, as a carbohydrate polymer, has received increasing attention and becomes a research hotspot. It is a promising impurity adsorption material, which has potential application value in the agricultural environment fields such as soil improvement and sewage purification. The composite can combine the advantages of biochar with chitosan, and the resulting composite usually exhibits a great improvement in its surface functional groups, adsorption sites, stability, and adsorption properties. In addition, compared to other adsorbents, the composite truly achieves the concept of "waste control by waste". In this paper, the preparation method, composite classification, adsorption mechanism, and models of biochar modified by chitosan are introduced, meanwhile, we also review and summarize their effects on the decontamination of wastewater and soil. In addition to common heavy metal ions, we also review the adsorption and removal of some other organic/inorganic pollutants, including (1) drug residues; (2) dyes; (3) phosphates; (4) radionuclides; (5) perfluorochemicals, etc. Moreover, challenges and prospects for the composite are presented and further studies are called for the chitosan-biochar composite. We believe that the composite will lead to further achievements in the field of environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Gao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wenzhen Du
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Manyue Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Guixia Ling
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
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