Determination of Chromium(VI), Chromium(III), Arsenic(V), Aluminum(III), Iron(II), and Manganese(II) by Colorimetry and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Using Ferulic Acid Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles

Laccase-mimicking activity of octahedral Mn3O4 nanoparticles and fluorescence of carbon dots as dual-mode signals for the specific detection of arsenic(V) in environmental water samples

The detrimental growth of water pollutants such as heavy metals has become a life-threatening problem in the modern era. Challenges remain in the development of rapid and accurate methods for detecting pentavalent arsenic [As(V)] in environmental water. The octahedral Mn3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) did not display excellent laccase-mimicking catalytic activity, whereas the adsorbed As(V) on the surface significantly enhanced the catalytic activity. Meanwhile, the quinone imine generated from the substrates 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DP) and 4-aminoantipyrine (4-AAP) catalyzed by octahedral Mn3O4 NPs further quenched the carbon dots fluorescence. Thus, it is possible to establish a fast and accurate dual-mode sensor for detecting As(V). The developed dual-mode method of As(V) detection has good sensitivity and selectivity. The limit of detection for As(V) in colorimetric mode is 6.96 μg·L-1, whereas in the fluorescent mode, it is as low as 2.56 μg·L-1. Moreover, the detection data obtained by the dual-mode method can be validated by each other, thereby ensuring the dependability of the sensing system. The constructed dual-mode method with merits of sensitivity, speed and accuracy can offer a powerful tool for As(V) detection in environmental water. Furthermore, the application of laccase-mimicking activity in dual-mode detection provides new strategies for other environmental hazard detection.