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Mahmoud SA, El-Kosasy AM, Fouad FA. Simultaneous Determination of Montelukast Sodium and Loratadine by Eco-Friendly Densitometry and Spectrophotometric Methods. J Chromatogr Sci 2023; 61:907-917. [PMID: 37032124 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmad025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the aim of analytical community is to reduce the usage of hazardous chemicals; so eco-friendly, rapid, selective and cost-effective methods were developed for simultaneous determination of montelukast sodium (MKT) and loratadine (LRT). The first method was based on chromatographic separation performed on precoated silica gel 60 GF254 plates with ethyl acetate-ethanol 9: 1 (v/v) as the mobile phase. The developed plates were scanned and quantified at 260 nm. The method gives linear correlation over concentration ranges of 0.3-3.6 μg/spot and 0.2-4.0 μg/spot for MKT and LRT, respectively. It was also successfully applied to analysis of both drugs in their pharmaceutical preparation and human plasma. The other methods are UV-spectrophotometric methods based on smart spectra manipulating to zero order spectrum of each drug. These methods are named response correlation (RC), a-centering and ratio derivative methods. RC and a-centering methods were dependent on the presence of an isosbestic point between the overlapped spectra of both drugs. While ratio derivative method based on manipulation of the ratio spectra of both drugs. The two drugs obey Beer-Lambert law over the concentration ranges of 3.0-30.0 μg/mL in the three spectrophotometric methods. Moreover, the greenness of the developed methods is assessed using suitable analytical Eco-Scale and Green Analytical Procedure Index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa A Mahmoud
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11754, Egypt
| | - Amira M El-Kosasy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo
| | - Fatma A Fouad
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11754, Egypt
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Abdelhamid AG, El-Kafrawy DS, Abdel-Khalek MM, Belal TS. Analytical investigation of ternary mixture of phenylephrine hydrochloride, dimetindene maleate and benzalkonium chloride using validated stability indicating HPLC-DAD method. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:1278-1288. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1788064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed G. Abdelhamid
- Department of Methodology, Pharco Pharmaceuticals Company, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Dina S. El-Kafrawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Magdi M. Abdel-Khalek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Tarek S. Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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Abd El-Hay SS, El-Mammli MY, Shalaby AA. Determination of clemastine hydrogen fumarate, desloratadine, losartan potassium and moxepril HCl through binary complex formation with eosin. ARAB J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2011.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Youssef R, Khamis E, El-Sayed M, Moneim M. Validated HPTLC method for simultaneous determination of loratadine and desloratadine in presence of Co-formulated drug. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2012. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.25.2012.5.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Orlandini S, Giannini I, Navarro MV, Pinzauti S, Furlanetto S. Dual CD system-modified MEEKC method for the determination of clemastine and its impurities. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:3296-304. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Hassan WS, El-Henawee MM, Gouda AA. Spectrophotometric determination of some histamine H1-antagonists drugs in their pharmaceutical preparations. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2008; 69:245-55. [PMID: 17553739 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2007.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2007] [Accepted: 03/06/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Two rapid, simple and sensitive extractive specrophotometric methods has been developed for the determination of three histamine H1-antagonists drugs, e.g., chlorphenoxamine hydrochloride (CPX), diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH) and clemastine (CMT) in bulk and in their pharmaceutical formulations. The first method depend upon the reaction of molybdenum(V) thiocyanate ions (Method A) with the cited drugs to form stable ion-pair complexes which extractable with methylene chloride, the orange red color complex was determined colorimetrically at lambda(max) 470nm. The second method is based on the formation of an ion-association complex with alizarin red S as chromogenic reagents in acidic medium (Method B), which is extracted into chloroform. The complexes have a maximum absorbance at 425 and 426nm for (DPH or CMT) and CPX, respectively. Regression analysis of Beer-Lambert plots showed a good correlation in the concentration ranges of 5.0-40 and 5-70microgmL(-1) for molybdenum(V) thiocyanate (Method A) and alizarin red S (Method B), respectively. For more accurate analysis, Ringbom optimum concentration ranges were calculated. The molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantification limits were calculated. Applications of the procedure to the analysis of various pharmaceutical preparations gave reproducible and accurate results. Further, the validity of the procedure was confirmed by applying the standard addition technique and the results obtained in good agreement well with those obtained by the official method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa S Hassan
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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El-Sherbiny DT, El-Enany N, Belal FF, Hansen SH. Simultaneous determination of loratadine and desloratadine in pharmaceutical preparations using liquid chromatography with a microemulsion as eluent. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007; 43:1236-42. [PMID: 17126519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2006] [Revised: 10/12/2006] [Accepted: 10/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A rapid HPLC procedure for analytical quality control of pharmaceutical preparations containing the antihistaminic drug substance loratadine and/or its analog desloratadine (which is also an active metabolite of loratadine) was developed using a microemulsion as the eluent. The separation was performed on a column packed with cyanopropyl bonded stationary phase adopting UV detection at 247 nm using a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The optimized microemulsion mobile phase consisted of 0.1M sodium dodecyl sulphate, 1% octanol, 10% n-propanol and 0.3% triethylamine in 0.02 M phosphoric acid, pH 3.0. The developed method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, lower limit of quantification, lower limit of detection, precision and accuracy. With the proposed method satisfactory resolution between loratadine and desloratadine (resolution factor=3.85). The method requires a minimum of sample handling and is rapid (10 min), and reproducible (R.S.D.<2.0%). The mean recoveries of the analytes in pharmaceutical preparations were in agreement with those obtained from a reference method, as revealed by statistical analysis of the obtained results using the Student's t-test and the variance ratio F-test. Pseudoephedrine, the co-formulated drug substance, did not interference with the assay and was successfully separated using the developed HPLC method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina T El-Sherbiny
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
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Abounassif MA, El-Obeid HA, Gadkariem EA. Stability studies on some benzocycloheptane antihistaminic agents. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2005; 36:1011-8. [PMID: 15620527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2004.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2004] [Revised: 09/08/2004] [Accepted: 09/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The photostability of selected benzocycloheptane antihistaminic agents, namely, loratadine (I), pizotifen (II), ketotifen fumarate (III) and cyproheptatidine (IV), was investigated. Both I and II were photolabile while III and IV were photostable. To perform stability studies on the photolabile compounds (I and II), specific stability-indicating high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods were established. The accuracy, precision and reliability of the developed HPLC methods for the assay of I and II in their pharmaceutical dosage forms were reported. Assay results for both drugs were within R.S.D. values <2%. The stability-indicating power of the developed methods was validated through study of UV-degraded solutions of I and II contained in quartz cells. The photostability of both drugs was studied under UV-irradiation at 254 nm. The photodegradation kinetics of both drugs, studied in different solvents, are also reported. TLC fractionation of photodegraded solutions of both drugs, revealed two fluorescent photodegradates of drug I. The use of UV-absorbers (ascorbic acid and p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA)) enhanced the photostability of both drugs possibly through a spectral-overlay effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Abounassif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Gazy AA, Mahgoub H, El-Yazbi FA, El-Sayed MA, Youssef RM. Determination of some histamine H1-receptor antagonists in dosage forms. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2002; 30:859-67. [PMID: 12367712 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(02)00318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Three simple and accurate methods are presented for determination of Cetirizine, Fexofenadine, Loratadine and Acrivastine in pure form and commercial dosage forms. The first method is based on the reaction of the above cited drugs with bromocresol purple dye to form ion-pair complex extractable with chloroform and subsequently measured spectrophotometrically. Secondly, eosin gives with these drugs ion-pair complex, measurable directly without extraction both spectrophotometrically and spectrofluorimetrically. The last method involves the base-catalysed condensation of mixed anhydrides of organic acids (citric acid/acetic anhydride) where as the tertiary amino group in the above-cited drugs acts as the basic catalyst. The product of condensation is measured spectrophotometrically. All the reaction conditions for the proposed methods have been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza A Gazy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
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El Ragehy NA, Badawey AM, Khateeb SZE. Stability indicating methods for the determination of loratadine in the presence of its degradation product. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2002; 28:1041-53. [PMID: 12049969 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(01)00664-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Four stability-indicating procedures have been suggested for determination of the non sedating antihistaminic agent loratadine. Loratadine being an ester undergoes alkaline hydrolysis and the corresponding acid derivative is produced as a degradation product. Its identity was confirmed using IR and MS. The first procedure is based on determination of loratadine by HPLC with detection at wavelength, 250 nm. Mobile phase is acetonitrile:orthophosphoric acid (35:65) using benzophenone as an internal standard. Sensitivity range is 5.00-50.00 microg/ml. Second determination is a densitometric procedure based on determination of loratadine in the presence of its degradate at lambda 246 nm using the mobile phase; methanol:ammonia (10:0.15). Sensitivity range is 1.25-7.50 microg per spot. The third procedure is a spectrophotometric one where a mixture of loratadine and its degradate are resolved by first derivative ratio spectra. Sensitivity range is found to be 3.00-22.00 microg/ml, upon carrying out the measurements at wavelengths 236, 262.4 and 293.2 nm. The fourth procedure is based on second derivative spectrophotometry, where D(2) measurements are carried out at lambda 266 nm. The sensitivity range is 3.00-22.00 microg/ml. The validity of the described procedures was assessed by applying the standard addition technique. Statistical analysis of the results have been carried out revealing high accuracy and good precision. The suggested procedures could be used for determination of loratadine both in pure and dosage forms, as well as in the presence of its degradate.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A El Ragehy
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr Elini Street, Cairo, Egypt.
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Ghoneim MM, Mabrouk MM, Hassanein AM, Tawfik A. Polarographic behaviour of loratadine and its direct determination in pharmaceutical formulation and human plasma by cathodic adsorptive stripping voltammetry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2001; 25:933-9. [PMID: 11377076 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(01)00384-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The polarographic behaviour of the antihistaminic drug loratadine has been investigated in B.R. buffer solution of different pH values. Contradictory to that mentioned before in a previously published work, loratadine is electro-active at the mercury electrode. In B.R. buffer solution of pH values > or =6 it is reduced via a single 2-electrons irreversible wave corresponding to saturation of carbon-nitrogen double bond of the pyridine ring. The electrode reaction pathway was proposed and discussed. A sensitive differential pulse stripping voltammetric method based on controlled adsorptive accumulation of loratadine on a hanging mercury drop electrode has been developed for its direct determination at nanomolar concentrations without nitration of the drug. The optimized conditions for the direct cathodic adsorptive stripping voltammetric determination of the drug are: 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution as a supporting electrolyte, accumulation potential, -1.2 V; accumulation time, 30 s; scan rate, 2-5 mV x s(-1) and pulse amplitude 100 mV. The proposed procedure was applied for the assay of loratadine in pharmaceutical formulation and human plasma. The average recoveries were 99.32-99.44 and 100.33-102.99% with the RSD 0.27-0.42 and 0.39-0.90% in pharmaceutical formulation and human plasma, respectively. The limits of detection of 1.60x10(-7) and 1.25x10(-7) M loratadine were found in pharmaceutical formulation and human plasma, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Ghoneim
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt.
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El Ragehy NA, Abbas SS, El-Khateeb SZ. Utility of p-chloranilic Acid and 2,3 Dichloro-5,6-dicyano p-Benzoquinone (DDQ) for the Spectrophotometric Determination of Triamterene. ANAL LETT 1997. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719708001720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Gilpin
- College of Science and Mathematics, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45435, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- L. G. Hargis
- University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148
| | - J. A. Howell
- Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008
| | - R. E. Sutton
- Kalamazoo Valley Community College, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49009
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