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Coombes J, Holland AJA, Ryder C, Finlay SM, Hunter K, Bennett-Brook K, Orcher P, Scarcella M, Briscoe K, Forbes D, Jacques M, Maze D, Porykali B, Bourke E, Kairuz Santos CA. Discharge interventions for First Nations people with a chronic condition or injury: a systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:604. [PMID: 37296401 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09567-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have a unique place in Australia as the original inhabitants of the land. Similar to other First Nations people globally, they experience a disproportionate burden of injury and chronic health conditions. Discharge planning ensures ongoing care to avoid complications and achieve better health outcomes. Analysing discharge interventions that have been implemented and evaluated globally for First Nations people with an injury or chronic conditions can inform the implementation of strategies to ensure optimal ongoing care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. METHODS A systematic review was conducted to analyse discharge interventions conducted globally among First Nations people who sustained an injury or suffered from a chronic condition. We included documents published in English between January 2010 and July 2022. We followed the reporting guidelines and criteria set in Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA). Two independent reviewers screened the articles and extracted data from eligible papers. A quality appraisal of the studies was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and the CONSIDER statement. RESULTS Four quantitative and one qualitative study out of 4504 records met inclusion criteria. Three studies used interventions involving trained health professionals coordinating follow-up appointments, linkage with community care services and patient training. One study used 48-hour post discharge telephone follow-up and the other text messages with prompts to attend check-ups. The studies that included health professional coordination of follow-up, linkage with community care and patient education resulted in decreased readmissions, emergency presentations, hospital length of stay and unattended appointments. CONCLUSION Further research on the field is needed to inform the design and delivery of effective programs to ensure quality health aftercare for First Nations people. We observed that discharge interventions in line with the principal domains of First Nations models of care including First Nations health workforce, accessible health services, holistic care, and self-determination were associated with better health outcomes. REGISTRATION This study was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (ID CRD42021254718).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieann Coombes
- The George Institute for Global Health, Level 5/1 King Street, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Andrew J A Holland
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Corner Hawkesbury Road and, Hainsworth St, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Courtney Ryder
- The George Institute for Global Health, Level 5/1 King Street, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
- Indigenous Health College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Summer May Finlay
- School of Health and Society, Wollongong University, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Kate Hunter
- The George Institute for Global Health, Level 5/1 King Street, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Keziah Bennett-Brook
- The George Institute for Global Health, Level 5/1 King Street, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Phillip Orcher
- Agency for Clinical Innovations, 1 Reserve Rd, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Michele Scarcella
- The Sydney Children's Hospital Network (SCHN), Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Karl Briscoe
- National Association of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Workers and Practitioners (NAATSIHWP), 31-37 Townshend Street, Phillip ACT, 2606, Australia
| | - Dale Forbes
- Department Community and Justice NSW, Sydney, NSW, 2012, Australia
| | - Madeleine Jacques
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Corner Hawkesbury Road and, Hainsworth St, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Deborah Maze
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Corner Hawkesbury Road and, Hainsworth St, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Bobby Porykali
- The George Institute for Global Health, Level 5/1 King Street, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Bourke
- The George Institute for Global Health, Level 5/1 King Street, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Camila A Kairuz Santos
- The George Institute for Global Health, Level 5/1 King Street, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia.
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Wu B, Oxworth C. Why aren’t we there yet? A typology for evaluating resistant and counter-hegemonic practices. CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN EARLY CHILDHOOD 2022; 23:467-482. [DOI: 10.1177/14639491221128290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Neo-liberalism continues to expand its grip on education, despite fierce opposition. As an economic and political hegemony, neo-liberalism silences alternative viewpoints and neutralises resistance. Using an example of integrating Australian Indigenous pedagogy in early childhood initial teacher education, this article puts forward a typology for examining and evaluating various forms of resistant and counter-hegemonic endeavours. Taking a Gramscian perspective of hegemonic struggles as multifaceted and dynamic, the proposed model comprises three levels: practical, critical and political. Neo-liberalism has intricate linkages to the colonial past. The current domination of Northern theory expounds knowledge primarily from the industrial West in the Global North. In contrast, Indigenous knowledge from the marginalised Global South is envisioned as a counter-hegemonic force. Within this context, the authors illustrate how the proposed model could be used to evaluate resistant practices in the case of practising Australian Indigenous pedagogies of dadirri and yarning circles in early childhood initial teacher education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wu
- Swinburne University of Technology, Australia
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Gentile V, Jobson L, Carter A, Adams K. Much being Written about Us, not much being Written with Us: Examining how alcohol and other drug use by indigenous Australians is portrayed in Australian Government policies and strategies: A discourse analysis. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2022; 109:103855. [PMID: 36130419 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using critical discourse analysis, this study examined the portrayal of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australian Government policies regarding alcohol and other drug (AOD) use. METHODS We used critical discourse analysis, informed by an Indigenous Research Paradigm, to analyse texts and contexts of six key Australian Government AOD drug policies; two Aboriginal AOD data documents, two reporting documents and two AOD strategy documents. RESULTS The social practice analysis found issues of power imbalance relating to the socio-political situation the documents were created in. Textual analysis identified: culture being performative or functional in documents; cultural unsafety in construction of targets and outcomes, and; the decentring of Aboriginal peoples in the framing of the documents. The discourse analysis identified that the documents often wrote about Aboriginal peoples rather than writing documents with or by Aboriginal peoples. This typically: absented complexities of consultation occurring within a complex power imbalanced cultural interface; did not support an Aboriginal paradigm; centred Gubba people in power and; promoted a paternalistic view of 'helping' Aboriginal people. CONCLUSIONS There is an urgent need to move from policy relating to Aboriginal affairs that relies on a deficit discourse, to more effective AOD policy that improves power balance in policy development, is written with or by Aboriginal people, is inclusive of Aboriginal epistemologies and ontologies, and represents a paradigm-shift to a strength-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Gentile
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Laura Jobson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Adrian Carter
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karen Adams
- Gukwonderuk Indigenous Health Unit, Faculty Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Australia
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Falls T, Anderson J. Attitudes towards Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia: a systematic review. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2022.2039043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Falls
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joel Anderson
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
- Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
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Secombe P, Campbell L, Brown A, Bailey M, Pilcher D. Hazardous and harmful alcohol use in the Northern Territory, Australia: the impact of alcohol policy on critical care admissions using an extended sampling period. Addiction 2021; 116:2653-2662. [PMID: 33891373 DOI: 10.1111/add.15432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To describe the effect of alcohol policy on the incidence of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions associated with hazardous and harmful alcohol use in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Before and after analysis of admissions to NT ICUs between April 2018 and September 2019, extending on both a descriptive study describing hazardous and harmful alcohol use and single-centre analyses of harm minimization policies. After exclusions, 2281 (83%) admissions were analysed, 20.3% of which were associated with hazardous and harmful alcohol use. MEASUREMENTS Primary outcome was the incidence of admissions associated with hazardous and harmful alcohol use in the 5 months preceding (baseline period) the introduction of new alcohol policies [full-time stationing of Police Auxiliary Liquor Inspectors (PALIs) and minimum unit price (MUP)] compared with 12 months (post-intervention) following. Secondary outcomes included measures of resource use [length of stay (LoS), need for mechanical ventilation] and mortality, stratified by site. FINDINGS Overall, there was a 4.5% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.8-8.2%] absolute risk reduction between the time-periods (95% CI = 23.4 versus 18.9% for baseline and post-intervention, respectively, P = 0.01), predominantly due to a reduction in admissions associated with acute misuse (2.3%, 95% CI = -0.2 to 4.9% risk reduction, P = 0.06). There were regional differences, with a more marked relative risk reduction observed in Central Australia compared with the city of Darwin (27.0 versus 16.7% relative risk reduction, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Introduction of new alcohol harm minimization policies in the Northern Territory of Australia appears to have reduced the number of intensive care unit admissions associated with hazardous and harmful alcohol use. Strength of effect varies by geographical region and chronicity of hazardous and harmful alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Secombe
- Intensive Care Unit Alice Springs Hospital, Alice Springs, NT, Australia.,School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.,Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Centre for Outcome and Resource Evaluation, Camberwell, VIC, Australia
| | - Lewis Campbell
- School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.,Intensive Care Unit, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Alex Brown
- Aboriginal Health Equity, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michael Bailey
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David Pilcher
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Centre for Outcome and Resource Evaluation, Camberwell, VIC, Australia.,Department of Intensive Care, The Alfred Hospital, Prahran, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Hill N, Murray K. Psychological sense of community and values: Understanding attitudes towards people seeking asylum and Australia's First Nations People. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ap.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Hill
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia,
| | - Kate Murray
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia,
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Sheeran N, Jones L, Perolini J. Intersecting identities: How race and age influence perceptions of mothers. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ajpy.12243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Sheeran
- School of Applied Psychology, Mt Gravatt Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia,
| | - Liz Jones
- Centre for Work Organisation and Wellbeing, School of Applied Psychology, Mt Gravatt Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia,
| | - Joanne Perolini
- School of Applied Psychology, Mt Gravatt Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia,
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Pedersen A, Walker I, Paradies Y, Guerin B. How to Cook Rice: A Review of Ingredients for Teaching anti‐Prejudice. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-9544.2010.00015.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Iain Walker
- Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia
| | | | - Bernard Guerin
- University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Maunder RD, Day SC, White FA. The benefit of contact for prejudice-prone individuals: The type of stigmatized outgroup matters. The Journal of Social Psychology 2019; 160:92-104. [DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2019.1601608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Markwick A, Ansari Z, Clinch D, McNeil J. Experiences of racism among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults living in the Australian state of Victoria: a cross-sectional population-based study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:309. [PMID: 30871531 PMCID: PMC6419444 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6614-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Racism is a key determinant of the health of Indigenous Australians that may explain the unremitting gap in health and socioeconomic outcomes between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. We quantified the population-based prevalence of experiences of racism of Indigenous adults in the Australian state of Victoria and investigated whether this was independent of social determinants and lifestyle risk factors. Methods We combined data from the 2011, 2012 and 2014 Victorian Population Health Surveys to obtain a sample size of 33,833 Victorian adults, including 387 Indigenous adults. The survey is a cross-sectional, population-based, computer-assisted telephone interview survey conducted annually. Using logistic regression, experiences of racism was the dependent variable and Indigenous status the primary independent variable of interest. Secondary independent variables included age, sex, rurality, socioeconomic status, social capital, and lifestyle risk factors. Results Indigenous Victorian adults were four times more likely than their non-Indigenous counterparts to have experienced racism in the preceding 12 months; odds ratio (OR) = 4.3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.2–5.8). Controlling for social determinants and lifestyle risk factors attenuated, but did not eliminate, the association between experiences of racism and Indigenous status; OR = 3.1 (95% CI: 2.2–4.3). The social determinants of age and social trust made the largest contribution to the attenuation of the association. Education also had a large impact on the association, but in the opposite direction, suggesting that a low level of education may be protective against experiences of racism. When the non-Indigenous comparison group consisted of adults of mainly Anglo-Celtic origin, Indigenous adults were seven times more likely (OR = 7.2; 5.3–9.7) to have experienced racism. Conclusions Racism directed against Indigenous Victorians is significant and cannot be ascribed to any specific attributes such as socioeconomic status or lifestyle risk factors. We argue that a human rights-based approach to policy-making for the elimination of systemic and interpersonal racism offers an opportunity and viable alternative to current policy-making, that continues to be dominated by a paternalistic approach that reinforces racism and the resulting inequities. Please note Throughout this document, the term Indigenous is taken to include people of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander descent. While not our preferred term, Indigenous is used in preference to Aboriginal and Koori as not all Indigenous people living in Victoria are Aboriginal or Koori. We recognise that, with the exception of the term ‘Koori’, these terms are Eurocentric having been imposed upon a people of many nations with distinct languages and cultures. The use of such terms is akin to referring to the peoples of the continent of Europe as ‘Europeans’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Markwick
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia.
| | - Zahid Ansari
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Darren Clinch
- Aboriginal Health and Wellbeing Branch, Department of Health and Human Services, State Government of Victoria, 50 Lonsdale Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - John McNeil
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
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Ramjan L, Hunt L, Salamonson Y. Predictors of negative attitudes toward Indigenous Australians and a unit of study among undergraduate nursing students: A mixed-methods study. Nurse Educ Pract 2016; 17:200-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hunt L, Ramjan L, McDonald G, Koch J, Baird D, Salamonson Y. Nursing students' perspectives of the health and healthcare issues of Australian Indigenous people. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2015; 35:461-7. [PMID: 25499968 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2014.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indigenous people are the most disadvantaged population within Australia with living conditions comparable to developing countries. The Bachelor of Nursing programme at the University of Western Sydney has embedded Indigenous health into the undergraduate teaching programme, with an expectation that students develop an awareness of Indigenous health and healthcare issues. AIM To gain insight into students' perceptions of Indigenous people and whether the course learning and teaching strategies implemented improved students' learning outcomes and attitude towards Indigenous people and Indigenous health in Australia. DESIGN A mixed methods prospective survey design was chosen. METHODS Students enrolled in the Indigenous health subject in 2013 were invited to complete pre- and post-subject surveys that contained closed- and open-ended questions. Students' socio-demographic data was collected at baseline, but the 'Attitude Toward Indigenous Australians' (ATIA) scale, and the 3-item Knowledge, Interest and Confidence to nursing Australian Indigenous peoples scale were administered at both pre- and post-subject surveys. RESULTS 502 students completed the baseline survey and 249 students completed the follow-up survey. There was a statistically significant attitudinal change towards Indigenous Australians, measured by the ATIA scale, and participants' knowledge, intent to work with Indigenous Australians and confidence in caring for them increased significantly at follow-up. Based on the participants' responses to open-ended questions, four key themes emerged: a) understanding Indigenous history, culture and healthcare; b) development of cultural competence; c) enhanced respect for Indigenous Australians' culture and traditional practices; and d) enhanced awareness of the inherent disadvantages for Indigenous Australians in education and healthcare. There were no statistically significant socio-demographic group differences among those who commented on key themes. CONCLUSION Addressing health inequalities for Indigenous Australians is paramount. Nurses need cultural awareness and sensitivity to deliver culturally appropriate healthcare in Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne Hunt
- University of Western Sydney, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Lucie Ramjan
- University of Western Sydney, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Glenda McDonald
- University of Western Sydney, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Jane Koch
- University of Western Sydney, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - David Baird
- University of Western Sydney, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Yenna Salamonson
- University of Western Sydney, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
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Bodkin-Andrews G, Carlson B. Racism, aboriginal and torres strait islander identities, and higher education: reviewing the burden of epistemological and other racisms. DIVERSITY IN HIGHER EDUCATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1108/s1479-3644(2013)0000014002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Turoy-Smith KM, Kane R, Pedersen A. The willingness of a society to act on behalf of Indigenous Australians and refugees: the role of contact, intergroup anxiety, prejudice, and support for legislative change. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katrine M. Turoy-Smith
- School of Psychology and Exercise Science; Murdoch University; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Robert Kane
- Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Anne Pedersen
- School of Psychology and Exercise Science; Murdoch University; Perth Western Australia Australia
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Berndsen M, McGarty C. Perspective taking and opinions about forms of reparation for victims of historical harm. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2012; 38:1316-28. [PMID: 22700242 DOI: 10.1177/0146167212450322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The authors investigated the effects of perspective taking on opinions about reparations for victims of historical harm. In two studies, they showed that when non-Indigenous Australians took an Indigenous Australian perspective, this increased perceived entitlement to, and decreased anger toward, monetary compensation. Moreover, perceived entitlement mediated the relationship between anger about monetary compensation and perspective taking. Study 2 demonstrated the mutual influence of emotions and perceived entitlement. In particular, self-image shame rather than group-based guilt or anger predicted support for reparation when an Indigenous Australian perspective was adopted. The results suggest that taking the perspective of people who have experienced harm from one's own group can bolster a commitment to positive social change in relation to a pressing social issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariëtte Berndsen
- Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide 5001, South Australia, Australia.
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Hughes L, Davidson GR. Effects of Non-Indigenous Australian Human Resource Managers' Gender and Attitudes and Applicants' Ethnicity and Gender on Resumé Evaluations. JOURNAL OF PACIFIC RIM PSYCHOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1375/prp.5.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In this web-based survey, 60 non-Indigenous Australian human resource (HR) professionals reviewed four fictitious job resumés for an Indigenous male, Indigenous female, non-Indigenous male and non-Indigenous female. Participants rated the resumés against five key selection criteria and then ranked them in terms of suitability for a HR position, team fit (TF) with participants' current HR team, and suitability for a customer service (CS) position. Finally, participants completed a modified Attitude toward Indigenous Australians scale. Although participants' gender and attitudes and applicants' gender and ethnicity did not have an effect on resumé ratings, rank differences for the HR position and TF for the whole sample were significantly different, with the non-Indigenous male applicant being preferred to the Indigenous male and female applicants. Participants holding a negative attitude toward Indigenous people consistently ranked the non-Indigenous male applicant more favourably than the Indigenous male and female applicants and the non-Indigenous female applicant more favourably than the Indigenous male applicant. Female participants ranked the non-Indigenous male applicant more favourably than the Indigenous male and female applicants for the HR position and TF. Implications for Indigenous Australian employment disadvantage are examined with reference to social identity and contemporary racism theories.
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Pedersen A, Paradies Y, Hartley LK, Dunn KM. Bystander Antiprejudice: Cross-Cultural Education, Links With Positivity Towards Cultural ‘Outgroups’ and Preparedness to Speak Out. JOURNAL OF PACIFIC RIM PSYCHOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1375/prp.5.1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This article describes a 12-week intervention targeting positivity towards asylum seekers, Indigenous Australians and Muslim Australians. The study also assessed change in the intention to engage in bystander activism in four different scenarios: two Indigenous (old-fashioned and modern prejudice), one Muslim and one asylum seeker. There was a significant increase in positivity towards asylum seekers, Indigenous Australians and Muslim Australians. There was also a significant increase in ‘speaking out intention’, a form of bystander anti-prejudice, in three of the scenarios, but not in response to the Indigenous old-fashioned prejudice scenario. The study indicates that structured education on cross-cultural issues can improve attitudes to perceived ‘outgroups’ and, for the most part, increase participants' intention to speak out against prejudice.
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Mitchell M, Every D, Ranzijn R. Everyday antiracism in interpersonal contexts: Constraining and facilitating factors for ‘speaking up’ against racism. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Louis WR, Harnett P. Introduction to the Australian Psychologist special section on Poverty and Poverty Reduction. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00050060903479643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Winnifred R. Louis
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul Harnett
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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Mellor D, Merino ME, Saiz JL, Quilaqueo D. Emotional reactions, coping and long-term consequences of perceived discrimination among the Mapuche people of Chile. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Pedersen A, Griffiths B, Watt SE. Attitudes toward Out-groups and the perception of consensus: All feet donotwear one shoe. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Pedersen A, Barlow FK. Theory to social action: A university-based strategy targeting prejudice against Aboriginal Australians. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00050060802318587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Pedersen
- School of Psychology, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia
| | - Fiona Kate Barlow
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Finch NA, Baxter GS. Oh deer, what can the matter be? Landholder attitudes to deer management in Queensland. WILDLIFE RESEARCH 2007. [DOI: 10.1071/wr06002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Deer are not native to Australia but have been present in the country for more than 150 years. For most of that time they have not been regarded as either an agricultural or environmental pest, but in the last few years there have been calls for their numbers to be reduced. Four species of deer can be found in well established populations in Queensland, mostly occurring on private land. Hence the effectiveness of any management of deer as pests will be heavily influenced by the actions of the land owners. This paper reports on a survey of the attitudes of landholders towards deer on their properties. A total of 2621 surveys was mailed to landowners and managers in regions known to support wild deer in Queensland. Of the 28.3% of surveys returned, over 75% of respondents conducted some form of primary production on their land and 65% of these had deer on their properties at least some of the time. Responses to questions were mostly uniform throughout the state, with over 50% of respondents wanting the deer population to stay at current levels or increase. Only 5% of respondents supported poisoning as a management strategy, with 17% supporting trapping. Recreational hunting and game-meat harvesting were favoured management options, with 42% and 51% support respectively. Only 25% of respondents thought wild deer caused environmental damage and 30% thought wild deer caused agricultural damage, with most associating wild deer as a less significant pest than those species already declared under state legislation. Of those surveyed, 56% agreed with the statement ‘It is important to maintain wild deer populations for future generations to enjoy’. The spread of deer in Australia is of increasing concern to ecologists, and there have been calls for action to reduce their numbers on private and public land. The results of this survey imply that a significant proportion of Queensland landholders would resist legislation aimed at managing deer as a pest in areas with long-established wild deer populations.
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