1
|
Chen JC, Kang JJ, Zhang M, Shao HT, Song ZW, Ma KL, Yang F, Yang F. Pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin after single oral and intravenous administration in non-laying hens. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2023; 46:119-124. [PMID: 36222372 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to explore the pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in non-laying hens after a single oral (PO) and intravenous (IV) dose, both at 5 mg/kg body weight (BW). Eighteen 13-week-old healthy hens were equally and randomly divided into two groups. After both doses, blood samples (approximately 1 ml) were collected at different time points. Danofloxacin concentrations were quantified by a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method followed by a non-compartmental analysis using the software of WinNonLin. The elimination half-lives (t1/2λz s) after PO and IV routes were determined as 8.15 ± 3.37 and 7.69 ± 3.40 h, respectively. After IV administration, danofloxacin had an initial concentration (C0 ) of 3.62 μg/ml, a volume of distribution at steady state (VSS ) of 3579.72 ± 454.29 ml/kg, and a total body clearance (Cl) of 0.49 ml/h/g. After PO administration, the absolute bioavailability and absorption half-life (t1/2ka ) were calculated as 100.99% ± 23.10% and 0.82 ± 0.58 h, respectively. Based on the calculated ratio values of AUC/MIC and Cmax /MIC, an oral dose of 5 mg/kg danofloxacin would be expected to successfully treat hens infected with strains with MIC values ≤0.1 μg/ml.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Cheng Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Ji-Jun Kang
- National Feed Drug Reference Laboratories, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Hao-Tian Shao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Zhe-Wen Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Kai-Li Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Fang Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sitovs A, Sartini I, Giorgi M. Levofloxacin in veterinary medicine: a literature review. Res Vet Sci 2021; 137:111-126. [PMID: 33964616 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A potent third-generation antimicrobial fluoroquinolone drug, levofloxacin was introduced into human clinical practice in 1993. Levofloxacin is also used in veterinary medicine, however its use is limited: it is completely banned for veterinary use in the EU, and used extralabel in only companion animals in the USA. Since its introduction to clinical practice, many studies have been published on levofloxacin in animal species, including pharmacokinetic studies, tissue drug depletion, efficacy, and animal microbial isolate susceptibility to levofloxacin. This literature overview highlights the most clinically relevant and scientifically important levofloxacin studies linked to the field of veterinary medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrejs Sitovs
- Department of Pharmacology, Rīga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia.
| | - Irene Sartini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Mario Giorgi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sartini I, Łebkowska-Wieruszewska B, Sitovs A, Lisowski A, Poapolathep A, Giorgi M. Levofloxacin pharmacokinetics and tissue residue concentrations after oral administration in Bilgorajska geese. Br Poult Sci 2020; 62:193-198. [PMID: 33121260 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1842855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin, a third-generation fluoro-quinolone antimicrobial drug, in geese (n = 26) after either single intravenous or oral administration, and to evaluate the depletion profile in goose muscle, heart, liver, kidney and lung after a single oral dose.2. The pharmacokinetic study involved 16 geese which were randomly divided into two groups (n = 8/group), the first received levofloxacin (2 mg/kg) intravenously while the second was treated with orally (5 mg/kg). The tissue depletion study involved 10 geese which were dosed orally (5 mg/kg) and two animals were killed at different time-points in order to collect the selected tissues. Levofloxacin was quantified in all the matrices tested by a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, using a spectrofluorimetric detector. The pharmacokinetics were analysed using a non-compartmental model.3. Plasma concentrations were quantified after up to 24 h in animals administered intravenously and up to 48 h after oral treatment. Levofloxacin was rapidly absorbed after oral administration (Tmax = 0.38 h) showing high bioavailability (95.57 ± 20.61%). The drug showed a moderate volume of distribution (1.40 ± 0.28 ml/g) and rapid clearance (0.28 ± 0.06 ml/g/h). No statistical differences in estimates were found between the two different administration methods (P > 0.05). Drug residues were highest at 6 h and decreased constantly up to 48 h in all the selected tissues. Liver and kidney had the highest levofloxacin concentrations.4. According to the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic surrogate index (AUC/MIC) the levofloxacin dose regimen (after oral administration) used in the present study could be active against bacteria at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 0.24 μg/ml in geese. In addition, drug accumulation in the liver might be controlled using an estimated preliminary withdrawal time of 90 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Sartini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - B Łebkowska-Wieruszewska
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Protection, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - A Sitovs
- Department of Pharmacology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | - A Lisowski
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Biodiversity Conservation, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - A Poapolathep
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - M Giorgi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Atef M, El-Banna HA, Elzorba HY, Soliman AM. Pharmacokinetics and tissue residue of enrofloxacin in healthy, Eimeria-infected broiler chickens and those pre-treated with amprolium and toltrazuril. Int J Vet Sci Med 2020; 8:31-38. [PMID: 32923475 PMCID: PMC7448909 DOI: 10.1080/23144599.2020.1765720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin was compared in healthy chickens, Eimeria infected chickens and in Eimeria infected chickens pre-treated with amprolium or toltrazuril following a single IV and oral administration at dose 10 mg/kg. The blood samples were taken after administration at different time intervals (5 min to 24 hours) to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of enrofloxacin. The different concentrations of enrofloxacin were determined by using HPLC assay method. Serum concentrations versus time were analysed by a non-compartmental method. The results explored a significant decrease in serum concentrations of enrofloxacin at different time intervals and a significant change in pharmacokinetic profiles in Eimeria infected chickens compared with those values in healthy chickens whereas, amprolium improves these values. Toltrazuril leads to a significant decrease in enrofloxacin concentrations compared with infected non-treated chickens. Multiple-dose study revealed a longer withdrawal period of enrofloxacin in infected non-treated and infected chickens pre-treated with amprolium compared with the healthy group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Atef
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - H A El-Banna
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - H Y Elzorba
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A M Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sitovs A, Voiko L, Kustovs D, Kovalcuka L, Bandere D, Purvina S, Giorgi M. Pharmacokinetic profiles of levofloxacin after intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration to rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus). J Vet Sci 2020; 21:e32. [PMID: 32233138 PMCID: PMC7113567 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2020.21.e32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Levofloxacin pharmacokinetic profiles were evaluated in 6 healthy female rabbits after intravenous (I/V), intramuscular (I/M), or subcutaneous (S/C) administration routes at a single dose of 5 mg/kg in a 3 × 3 cross-over study. Plasma levofloxacin concentrations were detected using a validated Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography method with a fluorescence detector. Levofloxacin was quantifiable up to 10 h post-drug administration. Mean AUC0-last values of 9.03 ± 2.66, 9.07 ± 1.80, and 9.28 ± 1.56 mg/h*L were obtained via I/V, I/M, and S/C, respectively. Plasma clearance was 0.6 mL/g*h after I/V administration. Peak plasma concentrations using the I/M and S/C routes were 3.33 ± 0.39 and 2.91 ± 0.56 μg/mL. Bioavailability values, after extravascular administration were complete, - 105% ± 27% (I/M) and 118% ± 40% (S/C). Average extraction ratio of levofloxacin after I/V administration was 7%. Additionally, levofloxacin administration effects on tear production and osmolarity were evaluated. Tear osmolarity decreased within 48 h post-drug administration. All 3 levofloxacin administration routes produced similar pharmacokinetic profiles. The studied dose is unlikely to be effective in rabbits; however, it was calculated that a daily dose of 29 mg/kg appears effective for I/V administration for pathogens with MIC < 0.5 μg/mL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrejs Sitovs
- Department of Pharmacology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia.
| | - Laura Voiko
- Clinical Institute, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava, LV-3001, Latvia
| | - Dmitrijs Kustovs
- Department of Pharmacology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Liga Kovalcuka
- Clinical Institute, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava, LV-3001, Latvia
| | - Dace Bandere
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Riga Stradins University, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Santa Purvina
- Department of Pharmacology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Mario Giorgi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Aboubakr M, Elbadawy M. Pharmacokinetics of difloxacin in Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) after single intravenous and oral administration. Res Vet Sci 2018; 122:36-39. [PMID: 30453178 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacokinetics of difloxacin (DF), a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, were investigated in Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) after a single intravenous (IV) and oral (PO) administration of 10 mg/kg bodyweight. Plasma concentration profiles of DF were analyzed by a compartmental pharmacokinetic method. Following IV injection, the plasma concentration vs time profile was best described by a two-compartment open model. Elimination half-life (t1/2β), total body clearance (Cltot), volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss) and mean residence time (MRT) of DF were 5.45 ± 0.14 h, 0.22 ± 0.01 L/kg/h, 1.54 ± 0.06 L/kg and 6.92 ± 0.19 h, respectively. Following PO administration, DF was rapidly absorbed, with peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of 3.67 μg/mL attained at 1.90 h (Tmax) after administration. Absorption half-life (t1/2ab), elimination half-life (t1/2el), mean absorption time (MAT) were 0.5 h, 5.26 h and 1.11 h, respectively. The bioavailability (F) following PO administration of DF was high (84.40%). For a successful clinical effect of DF in quails, a multiple dosage regimen of 10 mg/kg bodyweight, administered orally every 24 h is recommended to maintain effective plasma concentrations with bacterial infections, in which MIC90 is <0.2 μg/mL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Aboubakr
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, 13736, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya, Egypt
| | - M Elbadawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, 13736, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Landoni MF, Albarellos GA. Pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin after single intravenous, oral and subcutaneous administration to dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2018; 42:171-178. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fabiana Landoni
- Cátedra de Farmacología; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; CONICET; Universidad Nacional de La Plata; La Plata Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Gabriela Alejandra Albarellos
- Cátedra de Farmacología; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad de Buenos Aires; Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Goudah A, Hasabelnaby S. Plasma and Tissue Disposition of Moxifloxacin in Japanese Quail ( Coturnix japonica ). J Avian Med Surg 2016; 30:103-10. [PMID: 27315376 DOI: 10.1647/2013-049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Plasma disposition and depletion of moxifloxacin were investigated in Japanese quail ( Coturnix japonica ) after single intravenous, intramuscular, and oral administration of 5 mg/kg and after intramuscular and oral administration of 5 mg/kg q24h for 5 consecutive days, respectively. Drug concentrations in plasma and tissues were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. After intravenous injection, plasma drug concentration-time curves were best described by a 2-compartment open model. The decline in plasma drug concentration was biexponential with half-lives of 0.3 hours and 2.18 hours for distribution and elimination phases, respectively. Steady-state volume of distribution and total body clearance after intravenous administration were estimated to be 1.12 L/kg and 0.41 L/h per kilogram, respectively. After intramuscular and oral administration of moxifloxacin at the same dose, the peak plasma concentrations were 2.14 and 1.94 μg/mL and were obtained at 1.4 and 1.87 hours, respectively, and the elimination half-lives were 2.56 and 1.97 hours, respectively. The systemic bioavailabilities were 92.48% and 87.94%, respectively. Tissue levels after intramuscular and oral administration were highest in liver and kidneys, respectively, and decreased in the following order: plasma, lungs, and muscle. Moxifloxacin concentrations after intramuscular and oral administration were below the detection limit of the assay in tissues and plasma after 120 hours.
Collapse
|
9
|
Goudah A, Hasabelnaby S. Plasma disposition and tissue residue of Moxifloxacin in Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) following different routes of administration. Br Poult Sci 2014; 55:693-8. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2014.960808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
10
|
Aboubakr M, Uney K, Elmas M. Bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile of levofloxacin following intravenous, intramuscular and oral administration in turkeys. Br Poult Sci 2014; 55:115-9. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2013.860214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
11
|
Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Levofloxacin in Healthy and Renal Damaged Muscovy Ducks following Intravenous and Oral Administration. Vet Med Int 2014; 2014:986806. [PMID: 24707439 PMCID: PMC3971850 DOI: 10.1155/2014/986806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics aspects of levofloxacin were studied in healthy and experimentally renal damaged Muscovy ducks after single intravenous (IV) and oral (PO) dose of 10 mg kg−1 bwt. Following IV administration, elimination half-life (t1/2(β)) and mean residence time (MRT) were longer in renal damaged ducks than in healthy ones. Total clearance (Cltot) in renal damaged ducks (0.20 L kg−1 h−1) was significantly lower as compared to that in healthy ones (0.41 L kg−1 h−1). Following PO administration, the peak serum concentration (Cmax) was higher in renal damaged than in healthy ducks and was achieved at maximum time (tmax) of 2.47 and 2.05 h, respectively. The drug was eliminated (t1/2(el)) at a significant slower rate (3.94 h) in renal damaged than in healthy ducks (2.89 h). The pharmacokinetic profile of levofloxacin is altered in renal damaged ducks due to the increased serum levofloxacin concentrations compared with that in clinically healthy ducks. Oral administration of levofloxacin at 10 mg kg−1 bwt may be highly efficacious against susceptible bacteria in ducks. Also, the dose of levofloxacin should be reduced in renal damaged ducks. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration revealed significantly higher values for Cmax/MIC and AUC/MIC ratios in renal damaged ducks than in healthy ones, indicating the excellent pharmacokinetic characteristics of levofloxacin in renal damaged ducks.
Collapse
|