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Rachwani J, Santamaria V, Ai X, Ahlouche S, Caba L, Palazzolo A, Ramirez J, Agrawal S. Infant Sitting and Multi-Directional Reaching Skill. J Mot Behav 2023; 56:109-118. [PMID: 37751896 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2023.2262428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
We tested twenty-one 6- to 10-month-old infants with a wide range of sitting experience in forward and rightward reaching during unsupported sitting on the floor. Sessions were video-recorded for further behavioral and machine learning-based kinematic analyses. All infants, including novice sitters, successfully touched and grasped toys in both directions. Infant falls, hand support, and base of support changes were rare. Infants with more sitting experience showed better upright posture than novice sitters. However, we found no differences in trunk displacement or reaching kinematics between directions or across sitting experience. Thus, multi-directional reaching is functional in both novice and experienced infant sitters. We suggest that trunk and arm stability in sagittal and frontal planes is integral to learning to sit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Rachwani
- Department of Physical Therapy, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Victor Santamaria
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Physical Therapy Division, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Xupeng Ai
- Department of Rehabilitative and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sara Ahlouche
- Department of Physical Therapy, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Laura Caba
- Department of Physical Therapy, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Antonia Palazzolo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jenniffer Ramirez
- Department of Physical Therapy, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sunil Agrawal
- Department of Rehabilitative and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Seated Virtual Reality-Guided Exercise Improved Gait in a Postoperative Hallux Valgus Case. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413267. [PMID: 34948877 PMCID: PMC8702165 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Virtual reality (VR)-guided exercise therapy using mediVR KAGURA has been reported to improve gait function by extending the arm to spatial targets while sitting. We aimed to investigate toe and trunk-pelvic function and plantar sensation during gait in a postoperative patient with hallux valgus. A 60-year-old woman, whose foot deformities had improved 6 months earlier, participated in the study. The exercise therapy interventions were performed twice weekly for 15 min. This study used an A-B-A design: 1-week pre-phase, 3-week intervention phase, and 2-week post-phase. The plantar pressure distribution and thoracic and pelvic displacements during gait were recorded at the end of each phase. The tactile pressure thresholds of the foot were determined before and after each exercise. The maximum force and impulse under the hallux increased after the intervention. The sensory threshold of the hallux was reduced. The amplitude of the thoracic and pelvic displacement was shortened in lateral and extended in the vertical and progressional directions after the intervention. We found that a 3-week VR-guided exercise improved toe function, plantar sensation, and postural adjustment of the trunk and pelvis during gait in a patient who had undergone surgery for hallux valgus, and the effects continued for 2 weeks.
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