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Jimi N, Tsuchida S, Watanabe HK, Ohara Y, Yokooka H, Woo SP, Fujiwara Y. Worm on worm: Two rare genera of Calamyzinae (Annelida, Chrysopetalidae), with a description of new species. Parasitol Int 2022; 90:102619. [PMID: 35777655 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2022.102619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Marine annelids in the subfamily Calamyzinae (family Chrysopetalidae) are either symbiotic or free-living forms that have been mainly reported from deep-sea chemosynthetic environments. Symbiotic calamyzines predominantly live in the mantle cavity of bivalves distributing at hydrothermal vents or methane seeps except for two species inhabiting the epidermis of polychaetes and octopuses. In this study, we describe a new species, Calamyzas crambon sp. nov., from Japan and report a new record of Nautiliniella calyptogenicola from the Mariana Trench. We also provide the phylogenetic position of the two species within Chrysopetalidae based on four gene markers (COI, 16S, 18S, and H3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Jimi
- Sugashima Marine Biological Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Toba, Mie 517-0004, Japan; Centre for Marine & Coastal Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Shinji Tsuchida
- Research Institute for Global Change (RIGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kayama Watanabe
- X-STAR, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Ohara
- Research Institute for Marine Geodynamics (IMG), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan; Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department of Japan, 3-1-1 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda, Tokyo 100-8932, Japan; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yokooka
- Institute of Environmental Ecology, IDEA Consultants, Inc., Yaizu, Shizuoka 421-0212, Japan
| | - Sau Pinn Woo
- Centre for Marine & Coastal Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Yoshihiro Fujiwara
- Research Institute for Global Change (RIGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
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Cejp B, Ravara A, Aguado MT. First mitochondrial genomes of Chrysopetalidae (Annelida) from shallow-water and deep-sea chemosynthetic environments. Gene 2022; 815:146159. [PMID: 34995739 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Among Annelida, Chrysopetalidae is an ecologically and morphologically diverse group, which includes shallow-water, deep-sea, free-living, and symbiotic species. Here, the four first mitochondrial genomes of this group are presented and described. One of the free-living shallow-water species Chrysopetalum debile (Chrysopetalinae), one of the yet undescribed free-living deep-sea species Boudemos sp., and those of the two deep-sea bivalve endosymbionts Craseoschema thyasiricola and Iheyomytilidicola lauensis (Calamyzinae). An updated phylogeny of Chrysopetalidae is performed, which supports previous phylogenetic hypotheses within Chrysopetalinae and indicates a complex ecological evolution within Calamyzinae. Additionally, analyses of natural selection pressure in the four mitochondrial genomes and additional genes from the two shallow-water species Bhawania goodei and Arichlidon gathofi were performed. Relaxed selection pressure in the mitochondrion of deep-sea and symbiotic species was found, with many sites under selection identified in the COX3 gene of deep-sea species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Cejp
- Animal Evolution and Biodiversity, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute for Zoology & Anthropology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073, Germany.
| | - Ascensão Ravara
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - M Teresa Aguado
- Animal Evolution and Biodiversity, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute for Zoology & Anthropology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073, Germany.
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On the Diversity of Phyllodocida (Annelida: Errantia), with a Focus on Glyceridae, Goniadidae, Nephtyidae, Polynoidae, Sphaerodoridae, Syllidae, and the Holoplanktonic Families. DIVERSITY-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/d13030131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Phyllodocida is a clade of errantiate annelids characterized by having ventral sensory palps, anterior enlarged cirri, axial muscular proboscis, compound chaetae (if present) with a single ligament, and of lacking dorsolateral folds. Members of most families date back to the Carboniferous, although the earliest fossil was dated from the Devonian. Phyllodocida holds 27 well-established and morphologically homogenous clades ranked as families, gathering more than 4600 currently accepted nominal species. Among them, Syllidae and Polynoidae are the most specious polychaete groups. Species of Phyllodocida are mainly found in the marine benthos, although a few inhabit freshwater, terrestrial and planktonic environments, and occur from intertidal to deep waters in all oceans. In this review, we (1) explore the current knowledge on species diversity trends (based on traditional species concept and molecular data), phylogeny, ecology, and geographic distribution for the whole group, (2) try to identify the main knowledge gaps, and (3) focus on selected families: Alciopidae, Goniadidae, Glyceridae, Iospilidae, Lopadorrhynchidae, Polynoidae, Pontodoridae, Nephtyidae, Sphaerodoridae, Syllidae, Tomopteridae, Typhloscolecidae, and Yndolaciidae. The highest species richness is concentrated in European, North American, and Australian continental shelves (reflecting a strong sampling bias). While most data come from shallow coastal and surface environments most world oceans are clearly under-studied. The overall trends indicate that new descriptions are constantly added through time and that less than 10% of the known species have molecular barcode information available.
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