1
|
Patil SM, Agrawal R, Gupta R, Kumar Gupta S, Ghosh A, Kumar S, Jayachandran K, Ghanty TK. Understanding the excited state dynamics and redox behavior of highly luminescent and electrochemically active Eu(III)-DES complex. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17349-17359. [PMID: 37937949 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02764c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are considered a novel class of environmentally benign molecular solvents that are considered as potential solvents for nuclear fuel reprocessing, material recycling, and many other technological applications in both research and industry. However, there is a complete dearth of understanding pertaining to the behavior of metal ions in DES. Herein, we have investigated the speciation, complexation behavior, photochemistry, and redox properties and tried to obtain insight into the chemical aspects of the europium ion in DES (synthesized from heptyltriphenylphosphonium bromide and decanoic acid). The same has been probed using time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL), cyclic voltammetry (CV), synchrotron-based extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. TRPL indicated the stabilization of europium in the +3 oxidation state, favoring the potential of the Eu(III)-DES complex to emit red light under near UV excitation and the existence of inefficient energy transfer between DES and Eu3+. EXAFS analysis revealed the presence of Eu-O and Eu-Br, which represent the local surroundings of Eu3+ in the Eu(III)-DES complex. TRPL measurement has also suggested two distinct local environments of europium ions in the complex. DFT calculations supported the EXAFS findings, confirming that the Eu(III)-DES structure involves not only the oxygen atom of decanoic acid but also the oxygen atoms from the nitrate ions, contributing to the local coordination of Eu(III). Electrochemical studies demonstrated that the redox reaction of Eu(III)/Eu(II) in DES displays quasi-reversible behavior. The reaction rate was observed to increase with higher temperatures. The findings of this study can contribute to the understanding of the fundamental properties and potential applications of this luminescent and electrochemically active complex and pave the way for further studies and the development of novel materials with enhanced luminescent and electrochemical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sushil M Patil
- Fuel Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - Ruchi Agrawal
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - Ruma Gupta
- Fuel Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Gupta
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - Ayan Ghosh
- Laser and Plasma Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Radioanalytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - Kavitha Jayachandran
- Fuel Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India.
| | - Tapan K Ghanty
- Bio-Science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai-400094, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Arabzadeh H, Liu C, Acevedo O, Ren P, Yang W, Albrecht-Schönzart T. Hydration of divalent lanthanides, Sm 2+ and Eu 2+ : A molecular dynamics study with polarizable AMOEBA force field. J Comput Chem 2022; 43:1286-1297. [PMID: 35648124 PMCID: PMC10052752 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of divalent lanthanides, Ln2+ , is a growing sub-field of heavy element chemistry owing to new synthetic approaches. However, some theoretical aspects of these unusual cations are currently underdeveloped, especially as they relate to their dynamic properties in solution. In this work, we address the hydration of two of the classical Ln2+ cations, Sm2+ and Eu2+ , using atomic multipole optimized energetic for biomolecular applications (AMOEBA) force fields. These cations have not been parameterized to date with AMOEBA, and few studies are available because of their instability with respect to oxidation in aqueous media. Coordination numbers (CN's) of 8.2 and 8.1 respectively for Sm2+ and Eu2+ , and 8.8 for both Sm3+ and Eu3+ have been obtained and are in good agreement with the few available AIMD and X-ray absorption fine structures studies. The decreased CN of Ln2+ compared with Ln3+ arises from progressive water exchange events that indicates the gradual stabilization of 8-coordinate structures with respect to 9-coordinate geometries. Moreover, the effects of the chloride counter anions on the coordination of Ln2+ cations have been studied at different chloride concentrations in this work. Lastly, water exchange times of Ln2+ cations have been calculated to provide a comprehensive understanding of the behavior of Eu2+ and Sm2+ in aqueous chloride media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Arabzadeh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Chengwen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Orlando Acevedo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Pengyu Ren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|