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Zhong H, Meng Q, Mei B, Thawko A, Yan C, Liu N, Mao X, Wang Z, Wysocki G, Truhlar DG, Ju Y. Kinetics and Mechanism of the Singlet Oxygen Atom Reaction with Dimethyl Ether. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:6158-6165. [PMID: 38836585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
We combine in situ laser spectroscopy, quantum chemistry, and kinetic calculations to study the reaction of a singlet oxygen atom with dimethyl ether. Infrared laser absorption spectroscopy and Faraday rotation spectroscopy are used for the detection and quantification of the reaction products OH, H2O, HO2, and CH2O on submillisecond time scales. Fitting temporal profiles of products with simulations using an in-house reaction mechanism allows product branching to be quantified at 30, 60, and 150 Torr. The experimentally determined product branching agrees well with master equation calculations based on electronic structure data and transition state theory. The calculations demonstrate that the dimethyl peroxide (CH3OOCH3) generated via O-insertion into the C-O bond undergoes subsequent dissociation to CH3O + CH3O through energetically favored reactions without an intrinsic barrier. This O-insertion mechanism can be important for understanding the fate of biofuels leaking into the atmosphere and for plasma-based biofuel processing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Zhong
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Qinghui Meng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Bowen Mei
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Andy Thawko
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Chao Yan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Xingqian Mao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Gerard Wysocki
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Yiguang Ju
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
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2
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Kreis C, Holdener M, Génévriez M, Merkt F. High-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy of the ground and first excited electronic states of MgKr +. Mol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2022.2152746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Kreis
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M. Holdener
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M. Génévriez
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - F. Merkt
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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3
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Tenfen W, de Souza Glória J, Arretche F. Low Energy Positron Scattering by F and F 2. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:7901-7915. [PMID: 36269281 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c05740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have determined integral and differential elastic cross sections for positron scattering with atomic F and F2 molecules from 0.01 to 1000 eV with different theoretical approaches. Higher order polarizabilities were successively considered in the scattering potential, and we observed that the differential and integral cross sections converge only when the pure dipole second hyperpolarization level is taken into account, demonstrating the importance of the hyperpolarization effects on the low energy positron scattering dynamics. Ramsauer structures were found for both targets, and in the particular case of the F atom, the effect of its quadrupole moment proved to be relevant around the position of the Ramsauer minimum, which was determined together with the scattering length for each of the adopted polarization schemes. A relation of these quantities with the matching radius between the correlation and polarization interactions is also discussed. Agreement between the model potential and ab initio cross sections for the lowest level of target polarization is found for F2. Since there is no previous theoretical or experimental determination of cross sections for these targets, we compared the differential cross sections of F2 with experimental data available for N2 and O2 and found reasonable agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagner Tenfen
- Physics Department, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-610Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Josiney de Souza Glória
- Physics Department, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-610Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Felipe Arretche
- Physics Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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4
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Génévriez M, Wehrli D, Merkt F. Complete characterization of the 3p Rydberg complex of a molecular ion: MgAr+. II. Global analysis of the A+ 2Π and B+ 2Σ+ (3pσ,π) states. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:074311. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0015608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Génévriez
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Wehrli
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Merkt
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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Tu B, Shao Y, Chen W, Wu Y, Li X, He Y, Li J, Liu F, Zhang Z, Lin Y, Lan X, Xu L, Shi X, Ng AMC, Li H, Chung LW, Djurišić AB, He Z. Novel Molecular Doping Mechanism for n-Doping of SnO 2 via Triphenylphosphine Oxide and Its Effect on Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1805944. [PMID: 30697836 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Molecular doping of inorganic semiconductors is a rising topic in the field of organic/inorganic hybrid electronics. However, it is difficult to find dopant molecules which simultaneously exhibit strong reducibility and stability in ambient atmosphere, which are needed for n-type doping of oxide semiconductors. Herein, successful n-type doping of SnO2 is demonstrated by a simple, air-robust, and cost-effective triphenylphosphine oxide molecule. Strikingly, it is discovered that electrons are transferred from the R3P+ O- σ-bond to the peripheral tin atoms other than the directly interacted ones at the surface. That means those electrons are delocalized. The course is verified by multi-photophysical characterizations. This doping effect accounts for the enhancement of conductivity and the decline of work function of SnO2 , which enlarges the built-in field from 0.01 to 0.07 eV and decreases the energy barrier from 0.55 to 0.39 eV at the SnO2 /perovskite interface enabling an increase in the conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells from 19.01% to 20.69%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Tu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yangfan Shao
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yinghui Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanling He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaxing Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Fangzhou Liu
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoqi Lan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Leiming Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingqiang Shi
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Alan Man Ching Ng
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Haifeng Li
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Lung Wa Chung
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Aleksandra B Djurišić
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhubing He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
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6
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Schwerdtfeger P, Nagle JK. 2018 Table of static dipole polarizabilities of the neutral elements in the periodic table. Mol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2018.1535143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schwerdtfeger
- Centre for Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, The New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study and the Institute for Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University Albany, Auckland, New Zealand
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7
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Lara M, Berteloite C, Paniagua M, Dayou F, Le Picard SD, Launay JM. Experimental and theoretical study of the collisional quenching of S(1D) by Ar. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:28555-28571. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05279k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present an experimental and theoretical investigation of the deactivation rate of S(1D) atoms by collisions with argon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Lara
- Departamento de Química Física Aplicada
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
| | - C. Berteloite
- Institut de Physique de Rennes
- UMR CNRS 6251
- F-35042 Rennes
- France
| | - M. Paniagua
- Departamento de Química Física Aplicada
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
| | - F. Dayou
- LERMA
- Observatoire de Paris
- PSL Research University
- CNRS
- Sorbonne Universités
| | - S. D. Le Picard
- Institut de Physique de Rennes
- UMR CNRS 6251
- F-35042 Rennes
- France
| | - J.-M. Launay
- Institut de Physique de Rennes
- UMR CNRS 6251
- F-35042 Rennes
- France
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8
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Shi H, Zhao DX, Yang ZZ. Theoretical investigation of boundary contours of ground-state atoms in uniform electric fields. Mol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2015.1063728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Lee MW, Meuwly M. Diffusion of atomic oxygen relevant to water formation in amorphous interstellar ices. Faraday Discuss 2014; 168:205-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fd00160a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations together with accurate physics-based force fields are employed to determine the mobility of atomic oxygen in amorphous ice at low temperatures, characteristic for conditions in interstellar ices. From the simulations it is found that the mobility of atomic oxygen ranges from 60 to 480 Å2 ns−1 in amorphous ice at temperatures between 50 and 200 K. Hence, the simulations establish that atomic oxygen is mobile to a certain degree and a chemical mechanism for water formation involving oxygen mobility is a realistic scenario. This is also confirmed by the computed migration barriers for oxygen diffusion by multiple umbrella sampling simulations, which yield barriers for diffusion in the range of 0.7–1.9 kcal mol−1. The physics-based force field – based on a multipolar expansion of the electrostatic interactions – yields more pronounced energetics for oxygen migration pathways compared to the conventional point-charge models employed in typical simulations. Once formed, the computed solvation free energy suggests that atomic oxygen thermodynamically prefers to be localized inside amorphous ice and is available for chemical reaction, which may be relevant to water formation in and on grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Won Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Meuwly
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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10
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Mollet S, Merkt F. The X+ 2Πg, A+ 2Πu, B+ 2Δu, and a+ 4Σu(-) electronic states of Cl2(+) studied by high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:034302. [PMID: 23883022 DOI: 10.1063/1.4812376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Partially rotationally resolved pulsed-field-ionization zero-kinetic-energy photoelectron spectra of the three isotopomers ((35)Cl2, (35)Cl(37)Cl, and (37)Cl2) of Cl2 have been recorded in the wavenumber ranges 92,500-96,500 cm(-1), corresponding to transitions to the low vibrational levels of the X(+) (2)Πg (Ω = 3∕2, 1∕2) ground state of Cl2 (+), and 106,750-115,500 cm(-1), where the a(+) (4)Σu (-)←X(1)Σg (+), A(+) (2)Πu←X(1)Σg (+), and B(+) (2)Δu←X(1)Σg (+) band systems overlap with transitions to high vibrational levels (v(+) > 25) of the X(+) state. The observation of Franck-Condon-forbidden transitions to vibrational levels of the X(+) state of the cation with v(+) ≥ 25 is rationalized by a mechanism involving vertical excitation of predissociative Rydberg states of mixed singlet-triplet character with an A(+) ion core which are coupled to Rydberg states converging to high-v(+) levels of the X(+) state. The same mechanism is proposed to also be responsible for the observation of Cl(+) - Cl(-) ion pairs and quartet states in the photoionization of Cl2. The potential energy function of the X(+) state of Cl2 (+) was determined in a direct fit to the experimental data. Transitions to vibrational levels of the A(+) (2)Πu, 3∕2 and B(+) (2)Δu, 3∕2 states of Cl2 (+) could be identified using the results of a recent analysis of the strong perturbation between the A(+) (2)Πu, 3∕2 and B(+) (2)Δu, 3∕2 states of Cl2 (+) observed in the A(+) - X(+) band system [Gharaibeh et al., J. Chem. Phys. 137, 194317 (2012)], and transitions to several vibrational levels of the upper spin-orbit component ((2)Πu, 1∕2) of the A(+) state were detected in the photoelectron spectrum of Cl2 (+). The a(+) (4)Σu (-)←X(1)Σg (+) photoelectron band system, which is nominally forbidden by single-photon ionization from the ground state was also observed for the first time and its vibrational and spin-orbit structures were analyzed. The (4)Σu (-) state is split into two spin-orbit components with Ω = 1∕2 and Ω = 3∕2, separated by 37.5 cm(-1). The vibrational energy level structure of both components is regular, which indicates that the splitting results from the interaction with one or more distant ungerade Ω = 1∕2 or Ω = 3∕2 electronic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Mollet
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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11
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Lepers M, Bussery-Honvault B, Dulieu O. Long-range interactions in the ozone molecule: Spectroscopic and dynamical points of view. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:234305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4770054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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12
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Stoecklin T, Bussery-Honvault B, Honvault P, Dayou F. Asymptotic potentials and rate constants in the adiabatic capture centrifugal sudden approximation for X+OH(X2Π)→OX+H(2S) reactions where X=O(3P), S(3P) or N(4S). COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2011.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Mastalerz R, Zehnder O, Reiher M, Merkt F. Spin–Orbit Coupling and Potential Energy Functions of Ar2+ and Kr2+ by High-Resolution Photoelectron Spectroscopy and ab Initio Quantum Chemistry. J Chem Theory Comput 2012; 8:3671-85. [DOI: 10.1021/ct300078m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Mastalerz
- Laboratorium
für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zurich,
8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - O. Zehnder
- Laboratorium
für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zurich,
8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M. Reiher
- Laboratorium
für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zurich,
8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - F. Merkt
- Laboratorium
für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zurich,
8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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14
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Kang YG, Kim HJ, Park HG, Kim BY, Seo DS. Tin dioxide inorganic nanolevel films with different liquid crystal molecular orientations for application in liquid crystal displays (LCDs). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm13689a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Bovino S, Zhang P, Kharchenko V, Dalgarno A. Relaxation of energetic S( 1D) atoms in Xe gas: Comparison of ab initio calculations with experimental data. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:024304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3600352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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16
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Lara M, Dayou F, Launay JM. Reaching the cold regime: S(1D) + H2 and the role of long-range interactions in open shell reactive collisions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:8359-70. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02091e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Kang YG, Park HG, Kim HJ, Kim YH, Oh BY, Kim BY, Kim DH, Seo DS. Superior optical properties of homogeneous liquid crystal alignment on a tin (IV) oxide surface sequentially modulated via ion beam irradiation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 18:21594-21602. [PMID: 20941057 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.021594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We first investigated the alignment characteristics of tin (IV) oxide (SnO(2)) thin films deposited by radio-frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. This study demonstrates that liquid crystal (LC) molecules could be aligned homogeneously by controlling the Ion Beam (IB) irradiation energy densities. We also show that the pretilt angle of the LC molecules has a close relation with the surface energy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicates that a non-stoichiometric SnO(2-x) surface converted by ion beam irradiation can horizontally align the LC molecules. The measured electro-optical (EO) characteristics showed high performance, comparable with those of rubbed and ion-beam irradiated polyimide (PI) layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Gu Kang
- Information Display Device Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
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19
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Buchachenko AA, Wright TG, Lee EPF, Viehland LA. Interaction Potentials, Spectroscopy, and Transport Properties of the Br+−RG Systems (RG = He−Ar). J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:14431-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp903811b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexei A. Buchachenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Quantum Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State Universty, Moscow 119991, Russia, School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, and Department of Science, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
| | - Timothy G. Wright
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Quantum Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State Universty, Moscow 119991, Russia, School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, and Department of Science, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
| | - Edmond P. F. Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Quantum Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State Universty, Moscow 119991, Russia, School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, and Department of Science, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
| | - Larry A. Viehland
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Quantum Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State Universty, Moscow 119991, Russia, School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, and Department of Science, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
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20
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Garand E, Buchachenko AA, Yacovitch TI, Szczȩśniak MM, Neumark DM. Study of KrO− and KrO via Slow Photoelectron Velocity-Map Imaging Spectroscopy and ab Initio Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:14439-46. [DOI: 10.1021/jp903819m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Garand
- Department of Chemistry, University of California—Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Quantum Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia, Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720
| | - Alexei A. Buchachenko
- Department of Chemistry, University of California—Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Quantum Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia, Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720
| | - Tara I. Yacovitch
- Department of Chemistry, University of California—Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Quantum Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia, Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720
| | - Małgorzata M. Szczȩśniak
- Department of Chemistry, University of California—Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Quantum Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia, Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720
| | - Daniel M. Neumark
- Department of Chemistry, University of California—Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Quantum Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia, Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720
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Kleimenov E, Piticco L, Merkt F. Spectroscopic characterization and potential energy functions of the six low-lying electronic states of ArKr +. Mol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970802322082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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22
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Rode JE, Klos J, Rajchel L, Szczesniak MM, Chalasinski G, Buchachenko AA. Interactions in open-shell clusters: ab initio study of pre-reactive complex O(3P) + HCl. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:11484-94. [PMID: 16354039 DOI: 10.1021/jp053419q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Van der Waals interactions between the ground-state triplet O(3P) atom and the closed-shell HCl molecule are investigated in the pre-reactive region. Three adiabatic (two of A'' symmetry and one of A' symmetry) and four non-relativistic diabatic potential energy surfaces are obtained by combining a restricted open-shell coupled cluster approach with the multireference configuration interaction method. The lower A'' adiabatic potential surface has a single minimum (D(e) = 589 cm(-1)) for a linear O...HCl configuration. The upper A'' potential has a weak (D(e) = 65 cm(-1)) minimum for a linear HCl...O configuration. The A' adiabatic potential has a weak (124 cm(-1)) T-shaped minimum. Adiabatic potentials intersect once in the O...HCl linear configuration and twice in the linear HCl...O geometry. The role of electrostatic interactions in shaping these potentials is discussed. The effects of spin-orbit coupling on this interaction are also investigated assuming a constant value of the SO parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna E Rode
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, USA
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Wüest A, Merkt * F. Potential energy curves of diatomic molecular ions from high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy. III. The low-lyingungeradestates of Kr2+. Mol Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970412331332088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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24
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Lupinetti C, Thakkar AJ. Polarizabilities and hyperpolarizabilities for the atoms Al, Si, P, S, Cl, and Ar: Coupled cluster calculations. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:44301. [PMID: 15740242 DOI: 10.1063/1.1834512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate static dipole polarizabilities and hyperpolarizabilities are calculated for the ground states of the Al, Si, P, S, Cl, and Ar atoms. The finite-field computations use energies obtained with various ab initio methods including Moller-Plesset perturbation theory and the coupled cluster approach. Excellent agreement with experiment is found for argon. The experimental alpha for Al is likely to be in error. Only limited comparisons are possible for the other atoms because hyperpolarizabilities have not been reported previously for most of these atoms. Our recommended values of the mean dipole polarizability (in the order Al-Ar) are alpha/e(2)a(0) (2)E(h) (-1)=57.74, 37.17, 24.93, 19.37, 14.57, and 11.085 with an error estimate of +/-0.5%. The recommended values of the mean second dipole hyperpolarizability (in the order Al-Ar) are gamma/e(4)a(0) (4)E(h) (-3)=2.02 x 10(5), 4.31 x 10(4), 1.14 x 10(4), 6.51 x 10(3), 2.73 x 10(3), and 1.18 x 10(3) with an error estimate of +/-2%. Our recommended polarizability anisotropy values are Deltaalpha/e(2)a(0) (2)E(h) (-1)=-25.60, 8.41, -3.63, and 1.71 for Al, Si, S, and Cl respectively, with an error estimate of +/-1%. The recommended hyperpolarizability anisotropies are Deltagamma/e(4)a(0) (4)E(h) (-3)=-3.88 x 10(5), 4.16 x 10(4), -7.00 x 10(3), and 1.65 x 10(3) for Al, Si, S, and Cl, respectively, with an error estimate of +/-4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Lupinetti
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 6E2, Canada
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25
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Klos J, Szczesniak MM, Chalasinski * G. Paradigm pre-reactive van der Waals complexes: X–HX and X–H2(X = F, Cl, Br). INT REV PHYS CHEM 2004. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350500063634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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26
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Wüest A, Merkt F. Potential energy curves of diatomic molecular ions from high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy. I. The first six electronic states of Ar2+. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:638-46. [PMID: 15267898 DOI: 10.1063/1.1621618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-resolution photoelectron spectroscopic data have been used to determine the potential energy curves of the first six electronic states of Ar2+. The potential energy functions properly include the effects of the long-range interactions and of the spin-orbit interaction and are of spectroscopic accuracy (1-2 cm(-1)) over a wide range of internuclear distances. The total number of adjustable parameters could be reduced to only 12 by truncating the long-range interaction series after the R(-6) term and assuming an R-independent spin-orbit coupling constant. This assumption was verified to be valid to an accuracy of +/-2 cm(-1) over the range of internuclear distances between 3.0 and 4.6 A. The interaction potential proposed by Siska [P. E. Siska, J. Chem. Phys. 85, 7497 (1986)] was generalized to a form that is expected to be sufficiently flexible to describe chemical bonding in other diatomic molecular ions. The potential energy curves are more accurate than the best available ab initio curves by two orders of magnitude and provide quantitative information on dissociation energies and equilibrium internuclear distances. The local maximum between the two potential wells of the I(1/2g) state was determined to lie 62 cm(-1) below the Ar(1S0)+Ar(+)(2P(3/2)) dissociation limit, and the II(1/2g) state is found to be significantly more bound (De=177 cm(-1)) than previously assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wüest
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich (HCI), CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Meuwly M, Hutson JM. Potential energy surfaces and bound states for the open-shell van der Waals cluster Br–HF. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1615238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Dreuw A, Sommerfeld T, Cederbaum LS. Short- and long-lived electronic states of BF−. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1460868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Carrington A, Gammie DI, Page JC, Shaw AM, Hutson JM. Microwave electronic spectrum of the Ne⋯Ne+ long-range complex: The interaction potential. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1436111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lenzer T, Yourshaw I, Furlanetto MR, Pivonka NL, Neumark DM. Characterization of ArnCl(−) clusters (n=2–15) using zero electron kinetic energy and partially discriminated threshold photodetachment spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1388202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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