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Gao XF, Xie JC, Li H, Meng X, Wu Y, Tian SX. Direct observation of long-lived cyanide anions in superexcited states. Commun Chem 2021; 4:13. [PMID: 36697555 PMCID: PMC9814559 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-021-00450-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyanide anion (CN-) has been identified in cometary coma, interstellar medium, planetary atmosphere and circumstellar envelopes, but its origin and abundance are still disputed. An isolated CN- is stabilized in the vibrational states up to ν = 17 of the electronic ground-state 1Σ+, but it is not thought to survive in the electronic or vibrational states above the electron autodetachment threshold, namely, in superexcited states. Here we report the direct observation of long-lived CN- yields of the dissociative electron attachment to cyanogen bromide (BrCN), and confirm that some of the CN- yields are distributed in the superexcited vibrational states ν ≥ 18 (1Σ+) or the superexcited electronic states 3Σ+ and 3Π. The triplet state can be accessed directly in the impulsive dissociation of BrCN- or by an intersystem transition from the superexcited vibrational states of CN-. The exceptional stability of CN- in the superexcited states profoundly influences its abundance and is potentially related to the production of other compounds in interstellar space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Gao
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jing-Chen Xie
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Li
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xin Meng
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yong Wu
- grid.418809.c0000 0000 9563 2481Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Xi Tian
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Pathak H, Sasmal S, Talukdar K, Nayak MK, Vaval N, Pal S. Relativistic double-ionization equation-of-motion coupled-cluster method: Application to low-lying doubly ionized states. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:104302. [PMID: 32171231 DOI: 10.1063/1.5140988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This article deals with the extension of the relativistic double-ionization equation-of-motion coupled-cluster (DI-EOMCC) method [H. Pathak et al. Phys. Rev. A 90, 010501(R) (2014)] for the molecular systems. The Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian with four-component spinors is considered to take care of the relativistic effects. The implemented method is employed to compute a few low-lying doubly ionized states of noble gas atoms (Ar, Kr, Xe, and Rn) and Cl2, Br2, HBr, and HI. Additionally, we presented results with two intermediate schemes in the four-component relativistic DI-EOMCC framework to understand the role of electron correlation. The computed double ionization spectra for the atomic systems are compared with the values from the non-relativistic DI-EOMCC method with spin-orbit coupling [Z. Wang et al. J. Chem. Phys. 142, 144109 (2015)] and the values from the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) database. Our atomic results are found to be in good agreement with the NIST values. Furthermore, the obtained results for the molecular systems agree well with the available experimental values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himadri Pathak
- Electronic Structure Theory Group, Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | - Sudip Sasmal
- Electronic Structure Theory Group, Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | - Kaushik Talukdar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Malaya K Nayak
- Theoretical Chemistry Section, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Nayana Vaval
- Electronic Structure Theory Group, Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | - Sourav Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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Skomorowski W, Gulania S, Krylov AI. Bound and continuum-embedded states of cyanopolyyne anions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:4805-4817. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08227d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Equation-of-motion coupled-cluster calculations reveal systematic trends across bound and continuum-embedded excited states in cyanopolyyne anions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sahil Gulania
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Anna I. Krylov
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
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Wang Z, Hu S, Wang F, Guo J. Equation-of-motion coupled-cluster method for doubly ionized states with spin-orbit coupling. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:144109. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4917041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Laser, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Laser, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
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Potential energy curves via double ionization potential calculations: example of 1,2-diazene molecule. Struct Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-012-0055-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Tu Z, Wang F, Li X. Equation-of-motion coupled-cluster method for ionized states with spin-orbit coupling. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:174102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4704894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Musiał M, Bartlett RJ. Charge-transfer separability and size-extensivity in the equation-of-motion coupled cluster method: EOM-CCx. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:034106. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3511783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Musiał M, Kucharski SA, Zerzucha P, Kuś T, Bartlett RJ. Excited and ionized states of the ozone molecule with full triples coupled cluster methods. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:194104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3265770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Musial M, Bartlett RJ. Multireference Fock-space coupled-cluster and equation-of-motion coupled-cluster theories: The detailed interconnections. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:134105. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2982788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Musial M, Bartlett RJ. Intermediate Hamiltonian Fock-space multireference coupled-cluster method with full triples for calculation of excitation energies. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:044101. [PMID: 18681628 DOI: 10.1063/1.2952521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The intermediate Hamiltonian multireference coupled-cluster (CC) method with singles, doubles, and triples within the excited (1,1) sector of Fock space (FS) is implemented and formulated to calculate excitation energies (EEs). Due to the intermediate Hamiltonian formulation, which provides a robust computational scheme for solving the FS-CC equations, coupled to an efficient factorization strategy, relatively large basis sets and model spaces are employed permitting basis set converged comparisons of the calculated vertical EEs, which can be compared to the experimental data for the N(2) and CO molecules. The issue of charge-transfer separability is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Musial
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland.
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Benchmark calculations of the Fock-space coupled cluster single, double, triple excitation method in the intermediate Hamiltonian formulation for electronic excitation energies. Chem Phys Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2008.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Musiał M, Bartlett RJ. Addition by subtraction in coupled cluster theory. II. Equation-of-motion coupled cluster method for excited, ionized, and electron-attached states based on the nCC ground state wave function. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:024106. [PMID: 17640118 DOI: 10.1063/1.2747245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
New iterative double and triple excitation corrections to the equation-of-motion coupled cluster (EOM-CC) based upon the recently developed nCC methods [Bartlett and Musiał, J. Chem. Phys. 125, 204105-1 (2006)] are applied to excitation energies (EEs), ionization potentials (IPs), and electron affinities (EAs). The methods have been tested by the evaluation of the vertical EEs, IPs, and EAs for Ne, BH, CH(2), H(2)O, N(2), C(2), CH(+), CO, and C(2)H(4) compared to full configuration interaction, EOM-CCSD, EOM-CCSDT, and experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Musiał
- Quantum Theory Project, Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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