1
|
Alexis L, Lee J, Alvarez GA, Awale S, Jesus DSD, Lizcano M, Tian Z. Significantly Enhanced Thermal Conductivity of hBN/PTFE Composites: A Comprehensive Study of Filler Size and Dispersion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:29042-29048. [PMID: 38776549 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
High-temperature polymers are attractive for applications in extreme temperatures, where they maintain their mechanical flexibility and electrical insulating properties. However, their heat dissipation capability is limited due to their intrinsically low thermal conductivities. Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a chemically inert, thermally stable, and electrically insulative compound with a high thermal conductivity, making it an ideal candidate as a filler within a high-temperature polymer matrix to increase the thermal conductivity. This study evaluates the effect of filler size and dispersion on thermal conductivity by producing homogeneous composite samples using a combination of solvent mixing and resonant acoustic mixing (RAM). We carefully characterized our samples, including the spread of the size distribution, and observed that the smaller sized hBN centered around 5 μm was able to integrate more seamlessly into the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) matrix with particle size in the 15 μm range and hence outperformed 30 μm, in contrast to the conventional wisdom, which asserts that larger fillers universally perform better than smaller ones. Our thermal conductivity of hBN/PTFE composites at 30 wt % is 2× higher than the literature values. Notably, we reached the record-high value of 3.5 W/m K at 40 wt % with an onset of percolation at 20 wt %, attributed to optimized hBN dispersion that facilitates the formation of thermal percolation. Our findings provide general guidelines to enhance the thermal conductivity of polymer composites for thermal management, ranging from power transmission to microelectronics cooling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liam Alexis
- Cornell University Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca New York 14853, United States
| | - Jaejun Lee
- Cornell University Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca New York 14853, United States
| | - Gustavo A Alvarez
- Cornell University Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca New York 14853, United States
| | - Samer Awale
- Cornell University Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca New York 14853, United States
| | | | - Maricela Lizcano
- NASA Glenn Research Center, 21000 Brookpark Rd Cleveland Ohio 44135, United States
| | - Zhiting Tian
- Cornell University Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca New York 14853, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khalvandi A, Saber-Samandari S, Aghdam MM. A supervised learning-assisted multi-scale study for thermal and mechanical behavior of porous Silica. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28995. [PMID: 38633647 PMCID: PMC11021964 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive investigation of mesoporous Silica utilizing a multi-scale modeling approach under periodic boundary conditions integrated with machine learning algorithms. The study begins with Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations to extract Silica's elastic properties and thermal conductivity at the nano-scale, employing the Tersoff potential. Subsequently, the derived material characteristics are applied to a series of generated porous Representative Volume Elements (RVEs) at the microscale. This phase involves the exploration of porosity and void shape effects on Silica's thermal and mechanical properties, considering inhomogeneities' distributions along the X-axis and random dispersion of pore cells within a three-dimensional space. Furthermore, the influence of pore shape is examined by defining open and closed-cell models, encompassing spherical and ellipsoidal voids with aspect ratios of 2 and 4. To predict the properties of porous Silica, a shallow Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is deployed, utilizing geometric parameters of the RVEs and porosity. Subsequently, it is revealed that Silica's thermal and mechanical behavior is linked to pore geometry, distribution, and porosity model. Finally, to classify the behavior of porous Silica into three categories, quasi-isotropic, orthotropic, and transversely-isotropic, three methodologies of decision tree approach, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm, and Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are employed. Among these, SVMs employing a quadratic kernel function demonstrate robust performance in categorizing the thermal and mechanical behavior of porous Silica.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khalvandi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Composites Research Laboratory (CRLab), Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- New Technologies Research Center, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Saber-Samandari
- Composites Research Laboratory (CRLab), Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- New Technologies Research Center, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Severin J, Loehlé S, Jund P. Thermal Conductivity Calculation in Organic Liquids: Application to Poly- α-Olefin. Molecules 2024; 29:291. [PMID: 38257204 PMCID: PMC11154583 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, we aim to understand and predict the thermal properties of automotive lubricants using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics. After a previous study on model materials for the mechanical parts of a car engine, we now focus on the thermal conductivity κ of the poly-α-olefin base oil (PAO4) using the well-known sink and source method to study the response of the system to an imposed heat flux. We present a detailed methodology for the calculation of κ, taking into account specific constraints related to the system under study, such as large steady-state fluctuations and rapidly growing stationarization times. We provide thermal conductivity results using four different force fields, including OPLS-AA, PCFF and COMPASS, in a temperature range of 300 to 500 K, which corresponds to the typical operating range of a car engine. The results are compared to experimental measurements performed on the commercial compound using the laser flash method. Agreement at room temperature is shown to be excellent for our in-house force field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Severin
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France;
- Total Research Center, Chemin du Canal BP 22, 69360 Solaize, France;
| | - Sophie Loehlé
- Total Research Center, Chemin du Canal BP 22, 69360 Solaize, France;
| | - Philippe Jund
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hua R, Jiang Y, Shi L, Liang S, Zhang C, Song Y, Dong RY, Dong Y. Significant thermal rectification induced by phonon mismatch of functional groups in a single-molecule junction. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 36:135401. [PMID: 38096577 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad15c5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule junctions (SMJs) may bring exotic physical effects. In this work, a significant thermal rectification effect is observed in a cross-dimensional system, comprising a diamond, a single-molecule junction, and a carbon nanotube (CNT). The molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the interfacial thermal resistance varies with the direction of heat flow, the orientation of the crystal planes of the diamond, and the length of the CNT. We find that the thermal rectification ratio escalates with the length of the CNT, achieving a peak value of 730% with the CNT length of 200 nm. A detailed analysis of phonon vibrations suggests that the primary cause of thermal rectification is the mismatched vibrations between the biphenyl and carbonyl groups. This discovery may offer theoretical insights for both the experimental exploration and practical application of SMJs in efficient thermal management strategy for high power and highly integrated chips.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Hua
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunlei Jiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- Hangzhou Zhongneng Photoeletricity Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Suxia Liang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingru Song
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, William Marsh Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States of America
| | - Ruo-Yu Dong
- School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
- Aircraft and Propulsion Laboratory, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Beihang University, Ningbo 315100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Dong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kazakov AM, Korznikova GF, Tuvalev II, Izosimov AA, Korznikova EA. The Effect of Copper-Graphene Composite Architecture on Thermal Transport Efficiency. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7199. [PMID: 38005128 PMCID: PMC10673275 DOI: 10.3390/ma16227199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the results of molecular dynamic modeling, revealing that inserting confined graphene layers into copper crystal reduces the thermal conductivity of the whole composite, and the coefficient of thermal conductivity κ decreases upon an increase in the number of graphene layers. The injection of one, two, and three layers of 15 nm graphene leads to a change in the coefficient of thermal conductivity from 380 W/(m·K) down to 205.9, 179.1, and 163.6 W/(m·K), respectively. Decreasing the length of graphene layers leads to a decrease in the density of defects on which heat is dissipated. With one, two, and three layers of 8 nm graphene, the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the composite is equal to 272.6, 246.8, and 240.8 W/(m·K), appropriately. Meanwhile the introduction of an infinite graphene layer results in the growth of κ to 414.2-803.3 W/(m·K).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arseny M. Kazakov
- Research Laboratory “Metals and Alloys under Extreme Impacts”, Ufa University of Science and Technology, 450076 Ufa, Russia
| | | | - Ilyas I. Tuvalev
- Institute of Metal Superplasticity Problems (IMSP), 450001 Ufa, Russia
| | - Artem A. Izosimov
- Department of Surgical Dentistry, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Elena A. Korznikova
- The World-Class Advanced Digital Technologies Research Center, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 29 Polytechnicheskaya Str., 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Technological Machines and Equipment Department, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, 450064 Ufa, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang L, Yao X, Wang W, Wang S, Song J, Zhang H. Analysis of the mechanism of enhanced heat transfer by nanofluids. J Mol Model 2023; 29:374. [PMID: 37957367 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05778-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Industrial production and humans cannot exist without energy, but the low efficiency of the heat transfer in the excessive use of energy is the most significant aspect of energy saving and emission reduction. Molecular dynamics simulation methods are devoted to simulate the heat transfer efficiency of a nanofluid system with different particle sizes, and the heat transfer enhancement mechanism of the nanofluid is simulated and studied from a microscopic perspective. The analysis showed that as nanoparticle size increases, the thermal conductivity of the Al-Ar nanofluid tends to decrease, but all of them are still higher than the thermal conductivity of the liquid argon system. According to the findings of the density and radial distribution function analyses, it can be seen that the microstructure of the system changes after putting solid nanoparticles to the original fluid. This alteration in the system's microstructure is the primary component responsible for the increased heat transfer efficiency of nanofluids. METHODS In this paper, based on the theory of molecular dynamics, the simulation calculations were mainly performed using LAMMPS software, which is a commonly used open source computational program in the field of MD simulation research. VMD is used for visualization and analysis. The Lennard-Jones potential function was used in the simulation to accurately describe the forces acting between the atoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- School of Vehicles and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China.
| | - Xinyue Yao
- School of Vehicles and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- School of Vehicles and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Shuangzhu Wang
- School of Vehicles and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Jiabai Song
- School of Vehicles and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- School of Vehicles and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhou C, Li J, Wang S, Zhao J, Ai L, Chen Q, Chen Q, Zhao D. Development of Molecular Dynamics and Research Progress in the Study of Slag. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5373. [PMID: 37570076 PMCID: PMC10419983 DOI: 10.3390/ma16155373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics is a method of studying microstructure and properties by calculating and simulating the movement and interaction of molecules. The molecular dynamics simulation method has become an important method for studying the structural and dynamic characteristics of slag systems and can make up for the shortcomings of existing detection methods and experiments. Firstly, this paper analyzes the development process and application fields of molecular dynamics, summarizes the general simulation steps and software algorithms of molecular dynamics simulation methods, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the algorithms and the common functions of the software. Secondly, the research status and application progress of molecular dynamics simulation methods in the study of phosphate, silicate, aluminate and aluminosilicate are introduced. On this basis, a method of combining molecular dynamics simulation with laboratory experiments is proposed, which will help obtain more accurate simulation results. This review provides theoretical guidance and a technical framework for the effective analysis of the microstructure of different slag systems via molecular dynamics, so as to finally meet the needs of iron and steel enterprises in producing high-quality steel grades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaogang Zhou
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; (C.Z.); (J.L.); (L.A.); (Q.C.); (Q.C.); (D.Z.)
- Tangshan Special Metallurgy and Material Preparation Laboratory, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Jinyue Li
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; (C.Z.); (J.L.); (L.A.); (Q.C.); (Q.C.); (D.Z.)
- Tangshan Special Metallurgy and Material Preparation Laboratory, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Shuhuan Wang
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; (C.Z.); (J.L.); (L.A.); (Q.C.); (Q.C.); (D.Z.)
- Tangshan Special Metallurgy and Material Preparation Laboratory, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China;
| | - Liqun Ai
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; (C.Z.); (J.L.); (L.A.); (Q.C.); (Q.C.); (D.Z.)
- Tangshan Special Metallurgy and Material Preparation Laboratory, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Qinggong Chen
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; (C.Z.); (J.L.); (L.A.); (Q.C.); (Q.C.); (D.Z.)
- Tangshan Special Metallurgy and Material Preparation Laboratory, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Qiya Chen
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; (C.Z.); (J.L.); (L.A.); (Q.C.); (Q.C.); (D.Z.)
- Tangshan Special Metallurgy and Material Preparation Laboratory, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Dingguo Zhao
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; (C.Z.); (J.L.); (L.A.); (Q.C.); (Q.C.); (D.Z.)
- Tangshan Special Metallurgy and Material Preparation Laboratory, Tangshan 063210, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bhat V, Callaway CP, Risko C. Computational Approaches for Organic Semiconductors: From Chemical and Physical Understanding to Predicting New Materials. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37141497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
While a complete understanding of organic semiconductor (OSC) design principles remains elusive, computational methods─ranging from techniques based in classical and quantum mechanics to more recent data-enabled models─can complement experimental observations and provide deep physicochemical insights into OSC structure-processing-property relationships, offering new capabilities for in silico OSC discovery and design. In this Review, we trace the evolution of these computational methods and their application to OSCs, beginning with early quantum-chemical methods to investigate resonance in benzene and building to recent machine-learning (ML) techniques and their application to ever more sophisticated OSC scientific and engineering challenges. Along the way, we highlight the limitations of the methods and how sophisticated physical and mathematical frameworks have been created to overcome those limitations. We illustrate applications of these methods to a range of specific challenges in OSCs derived from π-conjugated polymers and molecules, including predicting charge-carrier transport, modeling chain conformations and bulk morphology, estimating thermomechanical properties, and describing phonons and thermal transport, to name a few. Through these examples, we demonstrate how advances in computational methods accelerate the deployment of OSCsin wide-ranging technologies, such as organic photovoltaics (OPVs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic thermoelectrics, organic batteries, and organic (bio)sensors. We conclude by providing an outlook for the future development of computational techniques to discover and assess the properties of high-performing OSCs with greater accuracy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak Bhat
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - Connor P Callaway
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - Chad Risko
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li J, Ying P, Liang T, Du Y, Zhou J, Zhang J. Mechanical and thermal properties of graphyne-coated carbon nanotubes: a molecular dynamics simulation on one-dimensional all-carbon van der Waals heterostructures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:8651-8663. [PMID: 36891945 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05673a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical and thermal properties of a hybrid nanotube consisting of a coaxial carbon nanotube (CNT) inside a graphyne nanotube (GNT), i.e., CNT@GNT, are investigated in this paper by using molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that the mechanical properties of CNT@GNT under uniaxial tension depend on the nanotube chirality of its components. Specifically, the Young's modulus of the CNT@GNT structure with an inner zigzag CNT is larger than that of its counterpart with an armchair CNT, while CNT@GNT with an armchair CNT and a zigzag GNT is found to possess the largest tensile strength and fracture strain. In addition, a unique fracture behavior of the successive rupture of its two components is observed in CNT@GNT. The thermal conductivity of CNT@GNT is found to be almost independent of the nanotube chirality of its components but increases as the length and diameter of the CNT@GNT increase. Moreover, strain engineering is shown as an effective avenue to modulate the thermal conductivity of CNT@GNT, which can be enhanced by tension but reduced by compression. The analysis of the phonon spectrum and spectral energy density demonstrates that this strain effect originates from changes of the phonon group velocity and phonon scattering in the strained CNT@GNT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Penghua Ying
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Ting Liang
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Materials Science and Technology Research Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yao Du
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Jianli Zhou
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Klochko L, Mandrolko V, Castanet G, Pernot G, Lemoine F, Termentzidis K, Lacroix D, Isaiev M. Molecular dynamics simulation of thermal transport across a solid/liquid interface created by a meniscus. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:3298-3308. [PMID: 36629555 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04601f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Understandings heat transfer across a solid/liquid interface is crucial for establishing novel thermal control pathways in a range of energy applications. One of the major problems raised in this context is the impact of the three-phase contact line between solid, liquid, and gas on heat flux perturbations at the nanoscale. The focus of this research is the thermal transport via nanosized meniscus restricted between two solid walls. The molecular dynamics approach was used to consider different wetting states of the meniscus by varying the interaction potential between atoms of the substrate and the liquid. The influence of the meniscus size on the energy exchange between two solid walls was also studied. It was discovered that possessing a three-phase contact line reduces the interfacial boundary resistance between solid and liquid. Furthermore, the finite element method was employed to connect atomistic simulations with continuum mechanics. We show that the wetting angle and interfacial boundary resistance are essential important parameters for multiscale analysis of thermal engineering issues with precise microscale parametrization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Klochko
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LEMTA, 54000, Nancy, France.
| | - V Mandrolko
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LEMTA, 54000, Nancy, France. .,Faculty of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13, Volodymyrska St., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - G Castanet
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LEMTA, 54000, Nancy, France.
| | - G Pernot
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LEMTA, 54000, Nancy, France.
| | - F Lemoine
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LEMTA, 54000, Nancy, France.
| | - K Termentzidis
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, INSA-Lyon, CETHIL UMR5008, F-69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - D Lacroix
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LEMTA, 54000, Nancy, France.
| | - M Isaiev
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LEMTA, 54000, Nancy, France.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang S, Li S, Wei L, Zhang H, Wang X, Liu B, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Qiu C. Wide-Temperature Tunable Phonon Thermal Switch Based on Ferroelectric Domain Walls of Tetragonal KTN Single Crystal. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:376. [PMID: 36770336 PMCID: PMC9919584 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ferroelectric domain walls (DWs) of perovskite oxide materials, which can be written and erased by an external electric field, offer the possibility to dynamically manipulate phonon scattering and thermal flux behavior. Different from previous ferroelectric materials, such as BaTiO3, PbTiO3, etc., with an immutable and low Curie temperature. The Curie temperature of perovskite oxide KTa1-xNbxO3 (KTN) crystal can be tuned by altering the Ta/Nb ratio. In this work, the ferroelectric KTa0.6Nb0.4O3 (KTN) single crystal is obtained by the Czochralski method. To understand the role of ferroelectric domains in thermal transport behavior, we perform a nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) calculation on monodomain and 90° DWs of KTN at room temperature. The calculated thermal conductivity of monodomain KTN is 9.84 W/(m·k), consistent with experimental results of 8.96 W/(m·k), and distinctly decreased with the number of DWs indicating the outstanding performance of the thermal switch. We further evaluate the thermal boundary resistance (TBR) of KTN DWs. An interfacial thermal resistance value of 2.29 × 10-9 K·m2/W and a large thermal switch ratio of 4.76 was obtained for a single DW of KTN. Our study shows that the ferroelectric KTN can provide great potential for the application of thermal switch at room temperature and over a broad temperature range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaodong Zhang
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Shuangru Li
- Shandong Academy of Sciences Yida Technology Consulting Co., Ltd., Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lei Wei
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- Key Laboratory for Light Conversion Materials and Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Huadi Zhang
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- Key Laboratory for Light Conversion Materials and Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xuping Wang
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- Key Laboratory for Light Conversion Materials and Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- Key Laboratory for Light Conversion Materials and Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- Key Laboratory for Light Conversion Materials and Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- Key Laboratory for Light Conversion Materials and Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Chengcheng Qiu
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- Key Laboratory for Light Conversion Materials and Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Comprehensive review on physical properties of supercritical carbon dioxide calculated by molecular simulation. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-022-1316-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
13
|
Determination of thermal conductivities in liquids by identifying heat transport in nonequilibrium MD simulations. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
14
|
Chen F, Nasrabadi H. Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Thermal Diffusion Effect in n-Alkane Binary Mixtures. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:10164-10171. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c05121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangxuan Chen
- Texas A&M University, 400 Bizzell Street, College Station, Texas77843, United States
| | - Hadi Nasrabadi
- Texas A&M University, 400 Bizzell Street, College Station, Texas77843, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sun H, Jiang Y, Hua R, Huang R, Shi L, Dong Y, Liang S, Ni J, Zhang C, Dong R, Song Y. Graphene and 2D Hexagonal Boron Nitride Heterostructure for Thermal Management in Actively Tunable Manner. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4057. [PMID: 36432343 PMCID: PMC9697871 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Thermal management is a critical task for highly integrated or high-power semiconductor devices. Low dimensional materials including graphene and single-layer hexagonal boron nitride (BN) are attractive candidates for this task because of their high thermal conductivity, semi-conductivity and other excellent physical properties. The similarities in crystal structure and chemistry between graphene and boron nitride provide the possibility of constructing graphene/BN heterostructures bearing unique functions. In this paper, we investigated the interfacial thermal transport properties of graphene/BN nanosheets via non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations. We observed a significant thermal rectification behavior of these graphene/BN nanosheets, and the rectification ratio increased with the system length increases up to 117%. This phenomenon is attributed to the mismatch of out-of-plane phonon vibration modes in two directions at the interface. In addition, we explored the underlying mechanism of the length dependence of the thermal transport properties. The results show promise for the thermal management of this two-dimensional heterostructure in an actively tunable manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huibin Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yunlei Jiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Renjie Hua
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Runhua Huang
- Climate School, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Zhejiang Business College, BinJiang Campus, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Hangzhou Zhongneng Photoeletricity Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yuan Dong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Suxia Liang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jing Ni
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Ruoyu Dong
- School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yingru Song
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, William Marsh Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Applying the Born-Mayer model to describe the physicochemical properties of FLiNaK ternary melt. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
17
|
Niu M, Cui C, Tian R, Zhao Y, Miao L, Hao W, Li J, Sui C, He X, Wang C. Mechanical and thermal properties of carbon nanotubes in carbon nanotube fibers under tension-torsion loading. RSC Adv 2022; 12:30085-30093. [PMID: 36329939 PMCID: PMC9585649 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05360h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In carbon nanotube fibers (CNFs) fabricated by spinning methods, it is well-known that the mechanical and thermal performances of CNFs are highly dependent on the mechanical and thermal properties of the inherent CNTs. Furthermore, long CNTs are usually preferred to assemble CNFs because the interaction and entanglement between long CNTs are effectively stronger than between short CNTs. However, in CNFs fabricated using long CNTs, the interior carbon nanotubes (CNTs) inevitably undergo both tension and torsion loading when they are stretched, which would influence the mechanical and thermal performances of CNFs. Here, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out to study the mechanical and thermal properties of individual CNTs under tension-torsion loading. As for mechanical properties, it was found that both the fracture strength and Young's modulus of CNTs decreased as the twist angle α increased. Besides, step-wise fracture happened due to stress concentration when the twisted CNTs are stretched. On the other hand, it could be seen that the thermal conductivity of CNTs decreased as α increased. This work presents the systematic investigation of the mechanical and thermal properties of CNTs under tension-torsion loading and provides a theoretical guideline for the design and fabrication of CNFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mowen Niu
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering Beijing 100076 China
| | - Chongxiao Cui
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
| | - Rui Tian
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
| | - Yushun Zhao
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Linlin Miao
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
| | - Weizhe Hao
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
| | - Chao Sui
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong He
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Shenzhen STRONG Advanced Materials Research Institute Co., Ltd Shenzhen 518000 China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Galteland O, Rauter MT, Bratvold MS, Trinh TT, Bedeaux D, Kjelstrup S. Local Thermodynamic Description of Isothermal Single-Phase Flow in Simple Porous Media. Transp Porous Media 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11242-022-01844-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDarcy’s law for porous media transport is given a new local thermodynamic basis in terms of the grand potential of confined fluids. The local effective pressure gradient is determined using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics, and the hydraulic conductivity and permeability are investigated. The transport coefficients are determined for single-phase flow in face-centered cubic lattices of solid spheres. The porosity changed from that in the closest packing of spheres to near unity in a pure fluid, while the fluid mass density varied from that of a dilute gas to a dense liquid. The permeability varied between $$5.7 \times {10^{-20}} \hbox {m}^2$$
5.7
×
10
-
20
m
2
and $$5.5 \times {10^{-17}} \hbox {m}^2$$
5.5
×
10
-
17
m
2
, showing a porosity-dependent Klinkenberg effect. Both transport coefficients depended on the average fluid mass density and porosity but in different ways. These results set the stage for a non-equilibrium thermodynamic investigation of coupled transport of multi-phase fluids in complex media.
Collapse
|
19
|
Zimmermann NER, Guevara‐Carrion G, Vrabec J, Hansen N. Predicting and Rationalizing the Soret Coefficient of Binary Lennard‐Jones Mixtures in the Liquid State. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202200311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nils E. R. Zimmermann
- Institute of Thermodynamics and Thermal Process Engineering University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 9 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Gabriela Guevara‐Carrion
- Thermodynamics and Process Engineering Technische Universität Berlin Ernst‐Reuter‐Platz 1 10587 Berlin Germany
| | - Jadran Vrabec
- Thermodynamics and Process Engineering Technische Universität Berlin Ernst‐Reuter‐Platz 1 10587 Berlin Germany
| | - Niels Hansen
- Institute of Thermodynamics and Thermal Process Engineering University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 9 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Prediction of Thermal Conductivities of Rubbers by MD Simulations-New Insights. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14102046. [PMID: 35631927 PMCID: PMC9146200 DOI: 10.3390/polym14102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article, two main approaches to the prediction of thermal conductivities by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are discussed, namely non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations (NEMD) and the application of the Green–Kubo formula, i.e., EMD. NEMD methods are more affected by size effects than EMD methods. The thermal conductivities of silicone rubbers in special were found as a function of the degree of crosslinking. Moreover, the thermal conductivities of thermoplastic polyurethane as function of the mass fraction of soft segments were obtained by those MD simulations. All results are in good agreement with data from the experimental literature. After the analysis of normalized heat flux autocorrelation functions, it has been revealed that heat in the polymers is mainly transferred by low-frequency phonons. Simulation details as well as advantages and disadvantages of the single methods are discussed in the article.
Collapse
|
21
|
Song L, Zhang Y, Zhan J, An Y, Yang W, Tan J, Cheng L. Interfacial thermal resistance in polymer composites: a molecular dynamic perspective. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2022.2071874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijian Song
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youchen Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhan
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying An
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weimin Yang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Tan
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lisheng Cheng
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dong Y, Ding Y, Rui Z, Lian F, Hui W, Wu J, Wu Z, Yan P. Tuning the interfacial friction force and thermal conductance by altering phonon properties at contact interface. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:235401. [PMID: 35180710 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac56ba] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Controlling friction force and thermal conductance at solid/solid interface is of great importance but remains a significant challenge. In this work, we propose a method to control the matching degree of phonon spectra at the interface through modifying the atomic mass of contact materials, thereby regulating the interfacial friction force and thermal conductance. Results of Debye theory and molecular dynamics simulations show that the cutoff frequency of phonon spectrum decreases with increasing atomic mass. Thus, two contact surfaces with equal atomic mass have same vibrational characteristics, so that more phonons could pass through the interface. In these regards, the coupling strength of phonon modes on contact surfaces makes it possible to gain insight into the nonmonotonic variation of interfacial friction force and thermal conductance. Our investigations suggest that the overlap of phonon modes increases energy scattering channels and therefore phonon transmission at the interface, and finally, an enhanced energy dissipation in friction and heat transfer ability at interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Dong
- Institute of Nanomaterials Application Technology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yusong Ding
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Rui
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangming Lian
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibin Hui
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Wu
- Institute of Nanomaterials Application Technology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengxun Yan
- Institute of Nanomaterials Application Technology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang L, Tian L, Jing Y, Qu P, Zhang A. Molecular dynamics study on the mechanism of nanofluid coolant's thermal conductivity improvement. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
24
|
Uranagase M, Ogata S. Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics method based on coarse-graining formalism: Application to a nonuniform temperature field system. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:065301. [PMID: 35030920 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.065301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A nonequilibrium molecular dynamics method is proposed to produce nonequilibrium states flexibly. In this method, virtual points are set in a simulation box, and coarse-grained physical quantities at these points are constrained using Gauss's principle of least constraint. The coarse-grained physical quantities are evaluated by averaging microscopic quantities with an appropriate weight. To obtain the weight to evaluate the coarse-grained physical quantities, a shape function matrix is initially constructed from the particle configuration. This matrix expresses an interpolation of the physical quantities at particle positions from the coarse-grained quantities at the virtual points. Then, a matrix form of the weight is calculated as the Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse matrix for the shape function matrix. This method is applied to constrain the coarse-grained kinetic energy and produce a nonuniform temperature field in the system. The temperature profile at a nonequilibrium steady state depends on the method for constructing the shape function matrix. In particular, a local temperature coincides with the coarse-grained temperature when the shape function matrix is constructed based on a higher-order interpolation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Uranagase
- Department of Physical Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Shuji Ogata
- Department of Physical Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mahnama M, Meshkinghalam M, Ozmaian M. Anisotropic thermal conductivity and corrugated patterns in single-layer black phosphorus nanoribbon subjected to shear loading: a molecular dynamics study. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 34:075403. [PMID: 34757946 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac3868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Single-layer black phosphorus (SLBP) also known as phosphorene is a recently introduced two-dimensional material with unique structure and promising physical properties that has drawn considerable attention in the field of nanodevices. This structure demonstrates a high anisotropy in mechanical and thermal behavior along zigzag (ZZ) and armchair (AC) principal in-plane directions. Here in this study, it is shown that implementing shear strain on 10 nm × 50 nm SLBP nanoribbons (SLBPNRs) along ZZ and AC directions, the anisotropy leads to different corrugated patterns on the pristine structure. Applying non-equilibrium molecular dynamics under a parameterized Stillinger-Weber potential for modelling SLBP, thermal conductivity (TC) behavior of the sheared SLBPNRs with corrugated patterns are examined. The results show a higher amplitude and wavelength of the corregations on the ZZ-aligned SLBPNRs, which is around two times higher than that of AC-aligned counterparts. Although, it is also shown that unlike some other 2D materials, such as graphene, the wrinkling does not have such a significant effect on TC of SLBP. The phonon density of states results obtained in this work as well as phonon dispersion curves by first-principle calculations in other works concrete this finding. The results show small frequency shifts in both high- and low-frequency phonons, which are not strong enough to affect TC in SLBPNRs. This interesting thermal property of SLBP under shear strain suggests the great potential application of these corrugated structures in nanodevices without any loss of TC abilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mahnama
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, PO Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Meshkinghalam
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, PO Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Ozmaian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Diaz-Marquez A, Stirnemann G. In silico all-atom approach to thermodiffusion in dilute aqueous solutions. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:174503. [PMID: 34742198 DOI: 10.1063/5.0067756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermodiffusion (or thermophoresis) is the phenomenon by which the spatial distributions of constituents of liquid or gas phases become inhomogeneous in response to a temperature gradient. It has been evidenced in a variety of systems and has many practical applications as well as implications in the context of the origins of life. A complete molecular picture of thermophoresis is still missing, and phenomenological approaches are often employed to account for the experimental observations. In particular, the amplitude of the resulting concentration-gradients (quantified by the Soret coefficient) depends on many factors that are not straightforwardly rationalized. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations appear as an exquisite tool to shed light on the molecular origins for this phenomenon in molecular systems, but the practical implementation of thermophoretic settings in silico poses significant challenges. Here, we propose a robust approach to tackle thermophoresis in dilute realistic solutions at the molecular level. We rely on a recent enhanced heat-exchange algorithm to generate temperature-gradients. We carefully assess the convergence of thermophoretic simulations in dilute aqueous solutions. We show that simulations typically need to be propagated on long timescales (hundreds of nanoseconds). We find that the magnitude of the temperature gradient and the box sizes have little effect on the measured Soret coefficients. Practical guidelines are derived from such observations. Provided with this reliable setup, we discuss the results of thermophoretic simulations on several examples of molecular, neutral solutes, which we find in very good agreement with experimental measurements regarding the concentration-, mass-, and temperature-dependence of the Soret coefficient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Diaz-Marquez
- CNRS Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, PSL University, Université de Paris, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Stirnemann
- CNRS Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, PSL University, Université de Paris, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
An L, Gu R, Zhong B, Wang J, Zhang J, Yu Y. Quasi-Isotropically Thermal Conductive, Highly Transparent, Insulating and Super-Flexible Polymer Films Achieved by Cross Linked 2D Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanosheets. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2101409. [PMID: 34636142 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-based thermal management materials (TIMs) show great potentials as TIMs due to their excellent properties, such as high insulation, easy processing, and good flexibility. However, the limited thermal conductivity seriously hinders their practical applications in high heat generation devices. Herein, highly transparent, insulating, and super-flexible cellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol/nylon12 modified hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet (PVA/(CNC/PA-BNNS)) films with quasi-isotropic thermal conductivity are successfully fabricated through a vacuum filtration and subsequent self-assembly process. A special structure composed of horizontal stacked hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (h-BNNSs) connected by their warping edges in longitudinal direction, which is strengthened by cellulose nanocrystals, is formed in PVA matrix during self-assembly process. This special structure makes the PVA/(CNC/PA-BNNS) films show excellent thermal conductivity with an in-plane thermal conductivity of 14.21 W m-1 K-1 and a through-plane thermal conductivity of 7.29 W m-1 K-1 . Additionally, the thermal conductive anisotropic constants of the as-obtained PVA/(CNC/PA-BNNS) films are in the range of 1 to 4 when the h-BNNS contents change from 0 to 60 wt%, exhibiting quasi-isotropic thermal conductivity. More importantly, the PVA/(CNC/PA-BNNS) films exhibit excellent transparency, super flexibility, outstanding mechanical strength, and electric insulation, making them very promising as TIMs for highly efficient heat dissipation of diverse electronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lulu An
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Rong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, P. R. China
| | - Jilin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China
| | - Junyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuanlie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Exploring the effect of temperature on microscopic heat transfer of liquid organics by molecular dynamics simulations. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
29
|
Ding Y, Wu X, Zhan J, Chen Z, Mao S, Ye M. Simulation study of effects of grain boundary and helium bubble on lattice thermal resistance of tungsten. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
30
|
Sæther S, Falck M, Zhang Z, Lervik A, He J. Thermal Transport in Polyethylene: The Effect of Force Fields and Crystallinity. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Sæther
- Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Merete Falck
- Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Zhiliang Zhang
- Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Anders Lervik
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Jianying He
- Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Xiaoyu Chen, Liang R, Wang Y, Xia Z, Wu L, Liang Y, cui G. Boundary-Driven Non-Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics Calculation of the Soret Coefficient in n-Hexane/n-Dodecane Mixtures. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793121030180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
32
|
Kodama T, Shinohara N, Hung SW, Xu B, Obori M, Suh D, Shiomi J. Modulation of Interfacial Thermal Transport between Fumed Silica Nanoparticles by Surface Chemical Functionalization for Advanced Thermal Insulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:17404-17411. [PMID: 33840196 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Since solid-state heat transport in a highly porous nanocomposite strongly depends on the thermal boundary conductance (TBC) between constituent nanomaterials, further suppression of the TBC is important for improving performance of thermal insulators. Here, targeting a nanocomposite fabricated by stamping fumed silica nanoparticles, we perform a wide variety of surface functionalizations on fumed silica nanoparticles by a silane coupling method and investigate the impact on the thermal conductivity (Km). The Km of the silica nanocomposite is approximately 20 and 9 mW/m/K under atmospheric and vacuum conditions at the material density of 0.2 g/cm3 without surface functionalization, respectively, and the experimental results indicate that the Km can be modulated depending on the chemical structure of molecules. The surface modification with a linear alkyl chain of optimal length significantly suppresses Km by approximately 30%, and the suppression can be further enhanced to approximately 50% with an infrared opacifier. The magnitude of suppression was found to sensitively depend on the length of the terminal chain. The magnitude is also related to the number of reactive silanol groups in the chemical structure, where the surface modification with fluorocarbon gives the largest suppression. The surface hydrophobization merits thermal insulation through significant suppression of the TBC, presumably by reducing the water molecules that otherwise would serve as heat conduction channels at the interface. On the other hand, when the chain length is long, the suppression is counteracted by the enhanced phonon transmission through the silane coupling molecules that grow with the chain length. This is supported by the analytical model and present simulation results, leading to prediction of the optimal chemical structure for better thermal insulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kodama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-856, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Shinohara
- AGC Yokohama Technical Center, AGC, Inc., 1150 Uzawa-cho, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Shih-Wei Hung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 000000, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-856, Japan
| | - Masanao Obori
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-856, Japan
| | - Donguk Suh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-856, Japan
| | - Junichiro Shiomi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-856, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Celebi AT, Vlugt TJH, Moultos OA. Thermal conductivity of aqueous solutions of reline, ethaline, and glyceline deep eutectic solvents; a molecular dynamics simulation study. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.1876263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alper T. Celebi
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Thijs J. H. Vlugt
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Othonas A. Moultos
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Du Y, Zhang H, Yuan S. Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Thermal Conductivity of Al 2O 3/PDMS Composites. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/a21030098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
35
|
Zhang H, Sun J, Wang Y, Stirner T, Hamid AY, Sang C. Study of lattice thermal conductivity of tungsten containing bubbles by molecular dynamics simulation. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.112004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
36
|
Dinpajooh M, Nitzan A. Heat conduction in polymer chains with controlled end-to-end distance. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:164903. [PMID: 33138434 DOI: 10.1063/5.0023085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The low thermal conductance of polymers is one of the major drawbacks for many polymer-based products. However, a single polymer chain when stretched can have high thermal conductivities. We use non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations to study the steady-state thermal conductance along finite macromolecules under mechanical control of the end-to-end distance. We find that the nature of heat transport along such chains strongly depends on mechanical tuning, leading to significantly different heat conductions and temperature profiles along the chain in the compressed-chain and stretched-chain limits. This transition between modes of behaviors appears to be a threshold phenomenon: at relatively small end-to-end distances, the thermal conductance remains almost constant as one stretches the polymer chain. At given critical end-to-end distances, thermal conductances start to increase, reaching the fully extended chain values. Correlated with this behavior are two observations: first, the temperature bias falls mostly at contacts in the fully stretched chain, while part of it falls along the molecule in the compressed limit. Second, the heat conduction does not change significantly with the chain length in the stretched-chain limit but decreases dramatically when this length increases in the compressed molecule. This suggests that heat transfer along stretched chains is mostly ballistic, while in the compressed chain, heat is transferred by diffusive mechanisms. Significantly, these trends persist also for a large range of molecular structures and force fields, and the changing behavior correlates well with mode localization properties. Similar studies conducted with disordered chains and bundles of several chains show remnants of the same behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abraham Nitzan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cheng B, Frenkel D. Computing the Heat Conductivity of Fluids from Density Fluctuations. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:130602. [PMID: 33034481 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.130602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, in combination with the Green-Kubo (GK) method, have been extensively used to compute the thermal conductivity of liquids. However, the GK method relies on an ambiguous definition of the microscopic heat flux, which depends on how one chooses to distribute energies over atoms. This ambiguity makes it problematic to employ the GK method for systems with nonpairwise interactions. In this work, we show that the hydrodynamic description of thermally driven density fluctuations can be used to obtain the thermal conductivity of a bulk fluid unambiguously, thereby bypassing the need to define the heat flux. We verify that, for a model fluid with only pairwise interactions, our method yields estimates of thermal conductivity consistent with the GK approach. We apply our approach to compute the thermal conductivity of a nonpairwise additive water model at supercritical conditions, and of a liquid hydrogen system described by a machine-learning interatomic potential, at 33 GPa and 2000 K.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Cheng
- TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom and Trinity College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TQ, United Kingdom
| | - Daan Frenkel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Yang F, Lu H, Liu W, Zhou H. Understanding the Contributions of Microscopic Heat Transfer to Thermal Conductivities of Liquid Aldehydes and Ketones by Molecular Dynamics Simulation. J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:3022-3029. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Haixia Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Wanqiang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Vaibhav V, Horbach J, Chaudhuri P. Response of glassy liquids to thermal gradients. Phys Rev E 2020; 101:022605. [PMID: 32168679 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.022605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The Soret effect, i.e., the flow of matter caused by a temperature gradient, is studied in a glass-forming binary Lennard-Jones (LJ) mixture, using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics computer simulation. The transport processes associated with this effect are thermal diffusion and interdiffusion. While interdiffusion processes exhibit a drastic slowing down when approaching the glass transition, thermal diffusion appears to be a fast process even in the glass. We show that the Soret effect becomes more pronounced in the vicinity of the glass transition, due to the decoupling between thermal diffusion and interdiffusion as well as the chemical ordering in the considered LJ mixture. This is reflected in the occurrence of large concentration gradients, nonlinear concentration profiles, and long-lived nonstationary structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Vaibhav
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, CIT Campus, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Jürgen Horbach
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Pinaki Chaudhuri
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, CIT Campus, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Li Z, Xiong S, Sievers C, Hu Y, Fan Z, Wei N, Bao H, Chen S, Donadio D, Ala-Nissila T. Influence of thermostatting on nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of heat conduction in solids. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:234105. [PMID: 31864248 DOI: 10.1063/1.5132543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) has been extensively used to study thermal transport at various length scales in many materials. In this method, two local thermostats at different temperatures are used to generate a nonequilibrium steady state with a constant heat flux. Conventionally, the thermal conductivity of a finite system is calculated as the ratio between the heat flux and the temperature gradient extracted from the linear part of the temperature profile away from the local thermostats. Here, we show that, with a proper choice of the thermostat, the nonlinear part of the temperature profile should actually not be excluded in thermal transport calculations. We compare NEMD results against those from the atomistic Green's function method in the ballistic regime and those from the homogeneous nonequilibrium molecular dynamics method in the ballistic-to-diffusive regime. These comparisons suggest that in all the transport regimes, one should directly calculate the thermal conductance from the temperature difference between the heat source and sink and, if needed, convert it into the thermal conductivity by multiplying it with the system length. Furthermore, we find that the Langevin thermostat outperforms the Nosé-Hoover (chain) thermostat in NEMD simulations because of its stochastic and local nature. We show that this is particularly important for studying asymmetric carbon-based nanostructures, for which the Nosé-Hoover thermostat can produce artifacts leading to unphysical thermal rectification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shiyun Xiong
- Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Charles Sievers
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Yue Hu
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zheyong Fan
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Bohai University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Ning Wei
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hua Bao
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shunda Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Davide Donadio
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Tapio Ala-Nissila
- QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
There is a significant effort in miniaturizing nanodevices, such as semi-conductors, currently underway. However, a major challenge that is a significant bottleneck is dissipating heat generated in these energy-intensive nanodevices. In addition to being a serious operational concern (high temperatures can interfere with their efficient operation), it is a serious safety concern, as has been documented in recent reports of explosions resulting from many such overheated devices. A significant barrier to heat dissipation is the interfacial films present in these nanodevices. These interfacial films generally are not an issue in macro-devices. The research presented in this paper was an attempt to understand these interfacial resistances at the molecular level, and present possibilities for enhancing the heat dissipation rates in interfaces. We demonstrated that the thermal resistances of these interfaces were strongly anisotropic; i.e., the resistance parallel to the interface was significantly smaller than the resistance perpendicular to the interface. While the latter is well-known—usually referred to as Kapitza resistance—the anisotropy and the parallel component have previously been investigated only for solid-solid interfaces. We used molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the density profiles at the interface as a function of temperature and temperature gradient, to reveal the underlying physics of the anisotropy of thermal conductivity at solid-liquid, liquid-liquid, and solid-solid interfaces.
Collapse
|
42
|
Affiliation(s)
- Sumith Yesudasan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Jamestown, Jamestown, ND, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Chen J, Han K, Wang S, Liu X, Wang P, Chen J. Investigation of enhanced thermal properties of Cu Ar nanofluids by reverse non equilibrium molecular dynamics method. POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
44
|
Hafskjold B, Travis KP, Hass AB, Hammer M, Aasen A, Wilhelmsen Ø. Thermodynamic properties of the 3D Lennard-Jones/spline model. Mol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2019.1664780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bjørn Hafskjold
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Karl Patrick Travis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Amanda Bailey Hass
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Ailo Aasen
- SINTEF Energy Research, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øivind Wilhelmsen
- SINTEF Energy Research, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhang E, Yao Y, Gao T, Kang D, Wu J, Dai J. The effect of external temperature gradients on thermal conductivity in non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations: From nanowires to bulk Si. J Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5107485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Enrui Zhang
- Department of Physics, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng Yao
- Department of Physics, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Gao
- Department of Physics, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Kang
- Department of Physics, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Wu
- Department of Physics, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayu Dai
- Department of Physics, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Liang X, Zhang X, Zhang L, Liu L, Du J, Zhu X, Ng KM. Computer-Aided Polymer Design: Integrating Group Contribution and Molecular Dynamics. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Liang
- Institute of Process Systems Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Process Systems Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Institute of Process Systems Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Jian Du
- Institute of Process Systems Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xiuling Zhu
- State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, Department of Polymer Science & Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Ka Ming Ng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Matsubara H, Kikugawa G, Ohara T. All- and one-particle distribution functions at nonequilibrium steady state under thermal gradient. Phys Rev E 2019; 99:052110. [PMID: 31212551 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.99.052110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We provide a concrete expression for the phase-space distribution function at nonequilibrium steady state under a constant thermal gradient, which is a typical system of the nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation of heat conduction. First, the phase-space distribution function of all particles in a local volume is formulated. Our formulation explicitly takes into account the entropy production due to the change in equilibrium thermodynamic variables in addition to the traditional entropy production described by the spatial gradients and fluxes of equilibrium thermodynamic variables. This treatment is necessary to explain the nonequilibrium response of a quantity that has no equilibrium correlation with mass and heat fluxes and is essential to correctly deduce one-particle distribution functions from the all-particle one. From the all-particle distribution function, we derive the Green-Kubo relations that express the one-particle distribution functions of density and velocity in terms of equilibrium correlation functions and verify these expressions using the molecular dynamics simulation of a Lennard-Jones liquid. These nonequilibrium one-particle distribution functions are sufficiently tractable for practical use, such as for the analytical evaluation of the nonequilibrium average of physical quantities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Matsubara
- Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Gota Kikugawa
- Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Taku Ohara
- Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
The Effect of Thermal Contact Number on the Tube⁻Tube Contact Conductance of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9030477. [PMID: 30909593 PMCID: PMC6474090 DOI: 10.3390/nano9030477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The contact conductance of single, double, and triple thermal contacts of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) was investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. Our results showed that the effect of the thermal contact number on the contact conductance was not as strong as previously reported. The percentages of contact conductance of double and triple thermal contacts were about 72% and 67%, respectively, compared to that of a single thermal contact. Moreover, we found that the contact conductance of the double and triple thermal contacts was associated with the SWCNT length and the positional relationship of the thermal contacts.
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhan N, Chen B, Li C, Shen PK. Molecular dynamics simulations of the thermal conductivity of graphene for application in wearable devices. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:025705. [PMID: 30387446 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aae98b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Graphene has been highlighted as a great potential material in wearable devices, owing to its extraordinary properties such as mechanical softness, high electrical conductivity and ultra-thin thickness. However, there are remaining challenges in thermal dissipation of graphene under such complicated conditions, which significantly affect the performance of portable electronics. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we have performed systematic analysis of thermal performance for the application in wearable devices in terms of graphene with defects, under uniaxial tensile strain, and vertical stress. Three kinds morphology of defects (horizontal line defect, circular defect, and vertical line defect) are constructed by deleting atoms on the pristine graphene plane. The thermal conductivity is related to the projected defected area perpendicular to the direction of the heat current. The relative thermal conductivity displays a cubic decreasing trend with the increase of uniaxial tensile strain. Besides, the thermal conductivity of graphene is not only related to the deformation quantity, but also related to the type of compression region. Our results show that the thermal conductivity decreases a lot under local stress with larger vertical deformation, while no obvious decline is observed under the global stress. This study aims to provide guidelines and ballpark estimates for experimentalists fabricating flexible devices from graphene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niwei Zhan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Energy Materials, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China. Wuhan No.6 High School, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Gardin A, Ferrarini A. Thermo-orientation in fluids of arbitrarily shaped particles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 21:104-113. [PMID: 30519684 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06106h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics (NEMD) simulations revealed preferential orientation, induced by a temperature gradient, in fluids of uncharged dumbbell-like particles. The magnitude of this phenomenon, called thermo-orientation, was found to be linear in the applied temperature gradient and to increase with the difference in shape or mass between the two beads of the particles. The underlying mechanism and the microscopic determinants of the phenomenon are not obvious. Here, after examination of the general symmetry requirements for thermo-orientation, we have extended the NEMD simulations to uncharged particles of various shapes and mass distribution, including chiral cases. The numerical results are rationalized by a microscopic model, based on the assumption of local equilibrium. This allows us to correlate the thermo-orientation response of arbitrarily shaped particles to quantities that characterize their shape and mass distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gardin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|