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Kłos J, Lamperski S. Monte Carlo study of molten salt with charge asymmetry near the electrode surface. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:054703. [PMID: 24511964 DOI: 10.1063/1.4862998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Results of the Monte Carlo simulation of the electrode | molten salt or ionic liquid interface are reported. The system investigated is approximated by the primitive model of electrolyte being in contact with a charged hard wall. Ions differ in charges, namely anions are divalent and cations are monovalent but they are of the same diameter d = 400 pm. The temperature analysis of heat capacity at a constant volume Cv and the anion radial distribution function, g2-/2-, allowed the choice of temperature of the study, which is T = 2800 K and corresponds to T(*) = 0.34 (definition of reduced temperature T(*) in text). The differential capacitance curve of the interface with the molten salt or ionic liquid at c = 5.79 M has a distorted bell shape. It is shown that with increasing electrolyte concentration from c = 0.4 to 5 M the differential capacitance curves undergo transition from U shape to bell shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Kłos
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, A. Mickiewicz University of Poznań, ul. Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Stanisław Lamperski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, A. Mickiewicz University of Poznań, ul. Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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Conde MM, Gonzalez MA, Abascal JLF, Vega C. Determining the phase diagram of water from direct coexistence simulations: The phase diagram of the TIP4P/2005 model revisited. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:154505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4824627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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3
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Lamperski S, Waśko M, Henderson D. Solidification of the charged hard-sphere fluid. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2013.773432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sesé LM. Path integral Monte Carlo study of quantum-hard sphere solids. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:044502. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4813635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Rane KS, Errington JR. Using Monte Carlo Simulation to Compute Liquid–Vapor Saturation Properties of Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:8018-30. [DOI: 10.1021/jp404207x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaustubh S. Rane
- Department of Chemical
and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New
York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Errington
- Department of Chemical
and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New
York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200, United States
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6
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CARVALHO RJFLEOTEDE, EVANS R. The screened Coulomb (Yukawa) charged hard sphere binary fluid. Mol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/002689797170419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Loth MS, Skinner B, Shklovskii BI. Anomalously large capacitance of an ionic liquid described by the restricted primitive model. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2010; 82:056102. [PMID: 21230540 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.82.056102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Revised: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We use Monte Carlo simulations to examine the simplest model of a room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL), called the "restricted primitive model," at a metal surface. We find that at moderately low temperatures the capacitance of the metal-RTIL interface is so large that the effective thickness of the electrostatic double layer is up to three times smaller than the ion radius. To interpret these results we suggest an approach which is based on the interaction between discrete ions and their image charges in the metal surface and which therefore goes beyond the mean-field approximation. When a voltage is applied across the interface, the strong image attraction causes counterions to condense onto the metal surface to form compact ion-image dipoles. These dipoles repel each other to form a correlated liquid. When the surface density of these dipoles is low, the insertion of an additional dipole does not require much energy. This leads to a large capacitance C that decreases monotonically with voltage V, producing a "bell-shaped" curve C(V). We also consider what happens when the electrode is made from a semimetal rather than a perfect metal. In this case, the finite screening radius of the electrode shifts the reflection plane for image charges to the interior of the electrode, and we arrive at a "camel-shaped" C(V). These predictions seem to be in qualitative agreement with experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Loth
- Fine Theoretical Physics Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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8
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Hynninen AP, Panagiotopoulos AZ. Simulations of phase transitions and free energies for ionic systems. Mol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970802112160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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11
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Calculation of the Free Energy and the Entropy of Macromolecular Systems by Computer Simulation. REVIEWS IN COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470125892.ch1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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12
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Ciach A, Patsahan O. Field-theoretic description of ionic crystallization in the restricted primitive model. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2006; 74:021508. [PMID: 17025438 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.74.021508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Effects of charge-density fluctuations on a phase behavior of the restricted primitive model are studied within a field-theoretic formalism. We focus on a lambda line of continuous transitions between charge-ordered and charge-disordered phases that is observed in several mean-field theories, but is absent in simulation results. In our study the RPM is reduced to a phi(6) theory, and a fluctuation contribution to a grand thermodynamic potential is obtained by generalizing the Brazovskii approach. We find that in a presence of fluctuations the lambda -line disappears. Instead, a fluctuation-induced first-order transition to a charge-ordered phase appears in the same region of a phase diagram, where the liquid-ionic-crystal transition is obtained in simulations. Our results indicate that the charge-ordered phase should be identified with an ionic crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ciach
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
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Caballero JB, Puertas AM, Fernández-Barbero A, de las Nieves FJ. Oppositely charged colloidal binary mixtures: A colloidal analog of the restricted primitive model. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:2428-35. [PMID: 15260798 DOI: 10.1063/1.1767995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The equilibrium phase diagram of a colloidal system composed of 1:1 mixture of positive and negative particles with equal charge is studied by means of Monte Carlo simulations. The system is the colloidal analog of the restricted primitive model (RPM) for ionic fluids. A liquid-gas transition is found in the low-temperature-low-density region, similar to the liquid-gas transition in the RPM. The fluid-crystal transition is also studied, and the liquid phase is shown to be stable in a narrow range of temperatures. In the liquid, the pair distribution function shows alternating layers of particles with opposite sign of charge surrounding every particle. In the vapor phase, clusters of particles are observed, again in agreement with the RPM. However, a decreasing distribution of clusters is obtained, instead of the discrimination between charged and neutral clusters found in the RPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- José B Caballero
- Group of Complex Fluids Physics, Department of Applied Physics, University of Almeria, 04120, Spain
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Abascal JLF, Vega C, McBride C, Bresme F. Characterization of the order-disorder transition of a charged hard-sphere model. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2003; 68:052501. [PMID: 14682824 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.68.052501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Monte Carlo simulations at constant pressure are used to characterize the structure of the restricted primitive model in the tetragonal-ordered solid phase. A method to estimate the location of the order-disorder transition and the densities of the coexistence phases is discussed. The results support the weakly first-order character of the transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L F Abascal
- Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
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Vega C, Abascal JLF, McBride C, Bresme F. The fluid–solid equilibrium for a charged hard sphere model revisited. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1576374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Vega C, McBride C, de Miguel E, Blas FJ, Galindo A. The phase diagram of the two center Lennard-Jones model as obtained from computer simulation and Wertheim’s thermodynamic perturbation theory. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1572811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Almarza NG, Enciso E. Critical behavior of ionic solids. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2001; 64:042501. [PMID: 11690066 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.64.042501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Phase transitions of lattice models of ionic crystals are studied by computer simulation. The nature of order-disorder transitions on different crystal structures is established and compared with the behavior of related Ising models. It is found that for both, continuous and first order transitions the basic features seem to be similar to those of Ising systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G Almarza
- Departamento de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
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Hayward JA, Haymet ADJ. The ice/water interface: Molecular dynamics simulations of the basal, prism, {202̄1}, and {21̄1̄0} interfaces of ice Ih. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1333680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Bresme F, Vega C, Abascal JL. Order-disorder transition in the solid phase of a charged hard sphere model. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:3217-3220. [PMID: 11019305 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.3217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the solid phases of the restricted primitive model (RPM). Monte Carlo simulations show the existence of an order-disorder transition from a substitutionally disordered face centered cubic lattice (fcc) to a new ordered fcc structure which is proposed as the ground state of the RPM at the close packing density. Our results suggest that the new phase might turn out in a new triple point in the RPM phase diagram involving three solid phases: CsCl, fcc ordered and fcc disordered structures. The order-disorder transition is also studied using the cell theory. The theory shows good agreement with the simulation results and suggests that the transition is weakly first order.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bresme
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AY, United Kingdom
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Weingärtner H, Weiss VC, Schröer W. Ion association and electrical conductance minimum in Debye–Hückel-based theories of the hard sphere ionic fluid. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Camp PJ, Patey GN. Ion association and condensation in primitive models of electrolyte solutions. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.480243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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22
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Weis JJ, Levesque D, Caillol JM. Restricted primitive model of an ionic solution confined to a plane. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.477371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Vlot MJ, Huitema HEA, de Vooys A, van der Eerden JP. Crystal structures of symmetric Lennard-Jones mixtures. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.474775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Vega C, Bresme F, Abascal JL. Fluid-solid equilibrium of a charged hard-sphere model. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1996; 54:2746-2760. [PMID: 9965388 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.54.2746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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