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Wang X, Pecoraro L, Chen J, Tang Y, Lee S, Chen S, Liu H. Halophilomyces hongkongensis, a Novel Species and Genus in the Lulworthiaceae with Antibacterial Potential, Colonizing the Roots and Rhizomes of the Seagrass Halophila ovalis. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:474. [PMID: 39057359 PMCID: PMC11278098 DOI: 10.3390/jof10070474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Seagrass serves as a quintessential reservoir for obligate marine Lulworthiaceae fungi. Our current knowledge of the mycological diversity associated with seagrass in Hong Kong remains poor. We analyzed the diversity of fungi associated with the most widely distributed seagrass species in Hong Kong Halophila ovalis (Hydrocharitaceae), using a combination of culture-based methods and high-throughput amplicon sequencing. Halophilomyces hongkongensis, a novel fungal species in a newly proposed genus within the Lulworthiaceae family, was isolated from H. ovalis roots and rhizomes. The novel fungus showed distinct morphological characteristics, while both combined 18S-28S and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) phylogenetic trees based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods supported its discrimination from other existing Lulworthiaceae members. The ITS2 region in the Illumina sequencing results of multiple H. ovalis compartments, water, and adjacent non-seagrass sediments revealed continuous recruitment of H. hongkongensis by H. ovalis throughout the year despite dramatically fluctuating environmental conditions, with remarkably high proportions of this taxon found in root and rhizome internal tissues, possibly indicating a strong and specialized relationship established between the Lulworthiaceae fungal partner and its seagrass host. The inhibitory abilities exhibited by H. hongkongensis against Staphylococcus aureus SA29213 and ATCC 43300 (methicillin-resistant) may imply its capacity in producing (novel) antibacterial compounds. The discovery of H. hongkongensis as the first novel Lulworthiaceae taxon in Hong Kong, along with its distributional pattern in the seagrass meadow, provides valuable insights into the systematics and ecology of this strictly marine fungal family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong; (X.W.)
| | - Lorenzo Pecoraro
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Moganshan Research Institute at Deqing County, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong; (X.W.)
| | - Yang Tang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sangwook Lee
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong; (X.W.)
| | - Sheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong; (X.W.)
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Braconcini M, Gorrasi S, Fenice M, Barghini P, Pasqualetti M. Rambellisea gigliensis and Rambellisea halocynthiae, gen. et spp. nov. (Lulworthiaceae) from the Marine Tunicate Halocynthia papillosa. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:127. [PMID: 38392799 PMCID: PMC10890369 DOI: 10.3390/jof10020127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, 15 Lulworthiales strains isolated from the marine tunicate Halocynthia papillosa collected in the central Tyrrhenian Sea were characterized using a polyphasic approach (morpho-physiological, molecular, and phylogenetic analyses). Based on multi-locus phylogenetic inference and morphological characters, a new genus, Rambellisea, and two new species, R. halocynthiae and R. gigliensis (Lulworthiales), were proposed. Multi-locus phylogenetic analyses using the nuclear ribosomal regions of DNA (nrITS1-nr5.8S-nrITS2, nrLSU, and nrSSU) sequence data strongly supported the new taxa. Phylogenetic inference, estimated using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference, clearly indicates that Rambellisea gen. nov. forms a distinct clade within the order Lulworthiales. Moreover, the two new species were separated into distinct subclades, solidly supported by the analyses. This is the first report of Lulworthiales species isolated from animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Braconcini
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Susanna Gorrasi
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Fenice
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
- Laboratory of Applied Marine Microbiology, CoNISMa, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Paolo Barghini
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Marcella Pasqualetti
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
- Laboratory of Ecology of Marine Fungi, CoNISMa, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
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Abraúl M, Alves A, Hilário S, Melo T, Conde T, Domingues MR, Rey F. Evaluation of Lipid Extracts from the Marine Fungi Emericellopsis cladophorae and Zalerion maritima as a Source of Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Compounds. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:199. [PMID: 37103339 PMCID: PMC10142463 DOI: 10.3390/md21040199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine environments occupy more than 70% of the earth's surface, integrating very diverse habitats with specific characteristics. This heterogeneity of environments is reflected in the biochemical composition of the organisms that inhabit them. Marine organisms are a source of bioactive compounds, being increasingly studied due to their health-beneficial properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, or anticancer. In the last decades, marine fungi have stood out for their potential to produce compounds with therapeutic properties. The objective of this study was to determine the fatty acid profile of isolates from the fungi Emericellopsis cladophorae and Zalerion maritima and assess the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial potential of their lipid extracts. The analysis of the fatty acid profile, using GC-MS, showed that E. cladophorae and Z. maritima possess high contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids, 50% and 34%, respectively, including the omega-3 fatty acid 18:3 n-3. Emericellopsis cladophorae and Z. maritima lipid extracts showed anti-inflammatory activity expressed by the capacity of their COX-2 inhibition which was 92% and 88% of inhibition at 200 µg lipid mL-1, respectively. Emericellopsis cladophorae lipid extracts showed a high percentage of inhibition of COX -2 activity even at low concentrations of lipids (54% of inhibition using 20 µg lipid mL-1), while a dose-dependent behaviour was observed in Z. maritima. The antioxidant activity assays of total lipid extracts demonstrated that the lipid extract from E. cladophorae did not show antioxidant activity, while Z. maritima gave an IC20 value of 116.6 ± 6.2 µg mL-1 equivalent to 92.1 ± 4.8 µmol Trolox g-1 of lipid extract in the DPPH• assay, and 101.3 ± 14.4 µg mL-1 equivalent to 106.6 ± 14.8 µmol Trolox g-1 of lipid extract in the ABTS•+ assay. The lipid extract of both fungal species did not show antibacterial properties at the concentrations tested. This study is the first step in the biochemical characterization of these marine organisms and demonstrates the bioactive potential of lipid extracts from marine fungi for biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Abraúl
- ECOMARE—Laboratory for Innovation and Sustainability of Marine Biological Resources, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Artur Alves
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sandra Hilário
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tânia Melo
- ECOMARE—Laboratory for Innovation and Sustainability of Marine Biological Resources, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tiago Conde
- ECOMARE—Laboratory for Innovation and Sustainability of Marine Biological Resources, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria Rosário Domingues
- ECOMARE—Laboratory for Innovation and Sustainability of Marine Biological Resources, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Felisa Rey
- ECOMARE—Laboratory for Innovation and Sustainability of Marine Biological Resources, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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A New Strain of Lecanicillium uredinophilum Isolated from Tibetan Plateau and Its Insecticidal Activity. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091832. [PMID: 36144439 PMCID: PMC9501334 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A new strain QHLA of Lecanicillium uredinophilum was isolated from a Chinese caterpillar fungus complex and its optimum growth temperature and fermentation conditions were studied. Its insecticidal activity was tested against larvae of seven different insect pests, including Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata, Spodoptera exigua, Plutella xylostella, Spodoptera frugiperda, Sitobion avenae, Hyalopterus perikonus, and Aphis citricola. The optimum growth temperature was 21–24 °C. The highest spore production of the strain QHLA was 4.08 × 106 spore/mL on solid medium with a nitrogen source of NH4Cl. However, the highest mycelial growth rate of the strain QHLA was on solid medium with a nitrogen source from yeast extract (4.63 ± 0.03 mm/d). When the liquid medium contained peptone, yeast extract, and glucose, the water content of the mycelia was the lowest, while the spore production was the highest until day 12. When the liquid medium contained glucose, tussah pupa powder, KH2PO4, and MgSO4, the mycelia production was highest until day 8. The bioassay for insecticidal activity indicated that the LC50 values of QHLA were 6.32 × 103 spore/mL and 6.35 × 103 spore/mL against Sitobion avenae and Aphis citricola, respectively, while the LC90 values of the strain QHLA against Aphis citricola and Sitobion avenae were 2.11 × 107 spore/mL and 2.36 × 108 spore/mL, respectively. Our results demonstrated that the strain QHLA was a high virulence pathogenic fungus against insect pests, with the potential to be developed as a microbial pesticide.
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Li JL, Duan L, Wu Y, Ahmad M, Yin LZ, Luo XQ, Wang X, Fang BZ, Li SH, Huang LN, Wu JX, Mou XZ, Wang P, Li WJ. Unraveling microbe-mediated degradation of lignin and lignin-derived aromatic fragments in the Pearl River Estuary sediments. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:133995. [PMID: 35176304 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Estuaries are one of the most crucial areas for the transformation and burial of terrestrial organic carbon (TerrOC), playing an important role in the global carbon cycle. While the transformation and degradation of TerrOC are mainly driven by microorganisms, the specific taxa and degradation processes involved remain largely unknown in estuaries. We collected surface sediments from 14 stations along the longitudinal section of the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), P. R. China. By combining analytical chemistry, metagenomics, and bioinformatics methods, we analyzed composition, source and degradation pathways of lignin/lignin-derived aromatic fragments and their potential decomposers in these samples. A diversity of bacterial and archaeal taxa, mostly those from Proteobacteria (Deltaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria etc.), including some lineages (e.g., Nitrospria, Polyangia, Tectomicrobia_uc) not previously implicated in lignin degradation, were identified as potential polymeric lignin or its aromatic fragments degraders. The abundance of lignin degradation pathways genes exhibited distinct spatial distribution patterns with the area adjacent to the outlet of Modaomen as a potential degradation hot zone and the Syringyl lignin fragments, 3,4-PDOG, and 4,5-PDOG pathways as the primary potential lignin aromatic fragments degradation processes. Notably, the abundance of ferulic acid metabolic pathway genes exhibited significant correlations with degree of lignin oxidation and demethylation/demethoxylization and vegetation source. Additionally, the abundance of 2,3-PDOG degradation pathways genes also showed a positive significant correlation with degree of lignin oxidation. Our study provides a meaningful insight into the microbial ecology of TerrOC degradation in the estuary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling-Zi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Bao-Zhu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Shan-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Nan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia-Xue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Mou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, 44242, Ohio, USA
| | - Pandeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China.
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Senanayake IC, Pem D, Rathnayaka AR, Wijesinghe SN, Tibpromma S, Wanasinghe DN, Phookamsak R, Kularathnage ND, Gomdola D, Harishchandra D, Dissanayake LS, Xiang MM, Ekanayaka AH, McKenzie EHC, Hyde KD, Zhang HX, Xie N. Predicting global numbers of teleomorphic ascomycetes. FUNGAL DIVERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-022-00498-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AbstractSexual reproduction is the basic way to form high genetic diversity and it is beneficial in evolution and speciation of fungi. The global diversity of teleomorphic species in Ascomycota has not been estimated. This paper estimates the species number for sexual ascomycetes based on five different estimation approaches, viz. by numbers of described fungi, by fungus:substrate ratio, by ecological distribution, by meta-DNA barcoding or culture-independent studies and by previous estimates of species in Ascomycota. The assumptions were made with the currently most accepted, “2.2–3.8 million” species estimate and results of previous studies concluding that 90% of the described ascomycetes reproduce sexually. The Catalogue of Life, Species Fungorum and published research were used for data procurement. The average value of teleomorphic species in Ascomycota from all methods is 1.86 million, ranging from 1.37 to 2.56 million. However, only around 83,000 teleomorphic species have been described in Ascomycota and deposited in data repositories. The ratio between described teleomorphic ascomycetes to predicted teleomorphic ascomycetes is 1:22. Therefore, where are the undiscovered teleomorphic ascomycetes? The undescribed species are no doubt to be found in biodiversity hot spots, poorly-studied areas and species complexes. Other poorly studied niches include extremophiles, lichenicolous fungi, human pathogens, marine fungi, and fungicolous fungi. Undescribed species are present in unexamined collections in specimen repositories or incompletely described earlier species. Nomenclatural issues, such as the use of separate names for teleomorph and anamorphs, synonyms, conspecific names, illegitimate and invalid names also affect the number of described species. Interspecies introgression results in new species, while species numbers are reduced by extinctions.
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Poli A, Prigione V, Bovio E, Perugini I, Varese GC. Insights on Lulworthiales Inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea and Description of Three Novel Species of the Genus Paralulworthia. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:940. [PMID: 34829227 PMCID: PMC8623521 DOI: 10.3390/jof7110940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The order Lulworthiales, with its sole family Lulworthiaceae, consists of strictly marine genera found on a wide range of substrates such as seagrasses, seaweeds, and seafoam. Twenty-one unidentified Lulworthiales were isolated in previous surveys aimed at broadening our understanding of the biodiversity hosted in the Mediterranean Sea. Here, these organisms, mostly found in association with Posidonia oceanica and with submerged woods, were examined using thorough multi-locus phylogenetic analyses and morphological observations. Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian phylogeny based on nrITS, nrSSU, nrLSU, and four protein-coding genes led to the introduction of three novel species of the genus Paralulworthia: P. candida, P. elbensis, and P. mediterranea. Once again, the marine environment is a confirmed huge reservoir of novel fungal lineages with an under-investigated biotechnological potential waiting to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valeria Prigione
- Mycotheca Universitatis Taurinensis, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125 Torino, Italy; (A.P.); (E.B.); (I.P.); (G.C.V.)
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