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Franco NF, Lau NS, Liu WM, Rahim A, Fadia M, Chua YJ, Jain A, Yip D, Gananadha S. Outcomes of patients with gallbladder cancer presenting with acute cholecystitis. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2024; 409:73. [PMID: 38393412 PMCID: PMC10891216 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-024-03261-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to explore the outcomes of patients found to have gallbladder cancer during investigation and diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. The incidence of primary gallbladder cancer co-existing in acute cholecystitis is not well defined in the literature, with anecdotal reports suggesting that they experience worse outcomes than patients with gallbladder cancer found incidentally. METHODS A retrospective review of all patients with gallbladder cancer managed at the Canberra Health Service between 1998 and May 2022 were identified and reviewed. RESULTS A total of 65 patients were diagnosed with primary gallbladder cancer during the study period with a mean age of 70.4 years (SD 11.4, range 59-81.8 years) and a female preponderance (74% versus 26%) with a ratio of 2.8. Twenty (31%) patients presented with acute calculus cholecystitis and were found to have a primary gallbladder cancer. This group of patients were older and predominantly female, but the difference was not statistically significant. The overall 5-year survival in the cohort was 20% (stage 1 63%, stage 2 23%, stage 3 16%, and stage 4 0%). There was no statistically significant difference in survival between those who presented with acute cholecystitis vs other presentations. CONCLUSIONS A third of the patients with gallbladder cancer presented with acute cholecystitis. There was no statistically significant difference in survival in those with bile spillage during cholecystectomy as well those presenting with acute cholecystitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzio F Franco
- Department of Surgery, Canberra Health Services, Canberra, Australia.
- School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
| | - Ngee-Soon Lau
- Department of Surgery, Canberra Health Services, Canberra, Australia
| | - Wai M Liu
- School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Research School of Finance, Actuarial studies and Statistics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Aadil Rahim
- Department of Surgery, Canberra Health Services, Canberra, Australia
| | - Mitali Fadia
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Canberra Health Services, Canberra, Australia
| | - Yu Jo Chua
- Department of Medical Oncology, Canberra Health Services, Canberra, Australia
| | - Ankit Jain
- Department of Medical Oncology, Canberra Health Services, Canberra, Australia
| | - Desmond Yip
- School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Canberra Health Services, Canberra, Australia
| | - Sivakumar Gananadha
- Department of Surgery, Canberra Health Services, Canberra, Australia
- School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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Cheng H, Sun Y, Yu X, Zhou D, Ding J, Wang S, Ma F. FASN promotes gallbladder cancer progression and reduces cancer cell sensitivity to gemcitabine through PI3K/AKT signaling. Drug Discov Ther 2023; 17:328-339. [PMID: 37743521 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2023.01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism plays an important role in the growth and development of tumors. However, the role of lipid metabolism in gallbladder cancer (GBC) has not been clearly clarified. Here, we demonstrated that fatty acid synthase (FASN), a key enzyme in de novo fatty acid biosynthesis, had upregulated expression in GBC samples both at protein and mRNA levels. Analysis of clinical data indicated the association between elevated FASN expression and poorer histology grades. Furthermore, FASN activity impairment through FASN knockdown or treatment with orlistat resulted in the inhibition of cell proliferation and migration, as well as increased sensitivity to gemcitabine. Both FASN knockdown and orlistat treatment induced cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, impairment of FASN activity suppressed the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which led to increased cell apoptosis and sensitivity to gemcitabine. These findings were also validated through nude mouse xenograft models, thus highlighting the potential of targeting FASN as a clinical treatment strategy. Collectively, the present study underscores the crucial role of FASN in the progression of gallbladder cancer via the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihong Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- Department of Oncology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaopeng Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Shuguang Hospital Affiliated with the Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shouhua Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Oncology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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3
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Takala S, Lassen K, Søreide K, Sparrelid E, Angelsen JH, Bringeland EA, Eilard MS, Hemmingsson O, Isaksson B, Karjula H, Lammi JP, Larsen PN, Lavonius M, Lindell G, Mortensen FV, Mortensen K, Nordin A, Pless T, Sandström P, Sandvik O, Vaalavuo Y, Villard C, Sallinen V. Practice patterns in diagnostics, staging, and management strategies of gallbladder cancer among Nordic tertiary centers. Scand J Surg 2023; 112:147-156. [PMID: 37377127 DOI: 10.1177/14574969231181228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare malignancy in the Nordic countries and no common Nordic treatment guidelines exist. This study aimed to characterize the current diagnostic and treatment strategies in the Nordic countries and disclose differences in these strategies. METHODS This was a survey study with a cross-sectional questionnaire of all 19 university hospitals providing curative-intent surgery for GBC in Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Finland. RESULTS In all Nordic countries except Sweden, neoadjuvant/downstaging chemotherapy was used in GBC patients. In T1b and T2, majority of the centers (15-18/19) performed extended cholecystectomy. In T3, majority of the centers (13/19) performed cholecystectomy with resection of segments 4b and 5. In T4, majority of the centers (12-14/19) chose palliative/oncological care. The centers in Sweden extended lymphadenectomy beyond the hepatoduodenal ligament, whereas all other Nordic centers usually limited lymphadenectomy to the hepatoduodenal ligament. All Nordic centers except those in Norway used adjuvant chemotherapy routinely for GBC. There were no major differences between the Nordic centers in diagnostics and follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The surgical and oncological treatment strategies of GBC vary considerably between the Nordic centers and countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sini Takala
- Transplantation and Liver Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristoffer Lassen
- Department of HPB Surgery, University Hospital of Oslo at Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kjetil Søreide
- HPB Unit, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ernesto Sparrelid
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jon-Helge Angelsen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Erling A Bringeland
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Malin S Eilard
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Transplantation Center, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Oskar Hemmingsson
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences/Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Bengt Isaksson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Heikki Karjula
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Peter N Larsen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology and Transplantation, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maija Lavonius
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Gert Lindell
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Kim Mortensen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University Hospital North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Arno Nordin
- Transplantation and Liver Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Torsten Pless
- Department of Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Per Sandström
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University Hospital of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Oddvar Sandvik
- HPB Unit, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Yrjö Vaalavuo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere, Finland; Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Christina Villard
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ville Sallinen
- Department of Abdominal Surgery Transplantation and Liver Surgery University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Haartmaninkatu 4 Helsinki 00029 Finland
- Gastroenterological Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Xu M, Jiang B, Man Z, Zhu H. TRIM37 promotes gallbladder cancer proliferation by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via ubiquitination of Axin1. Transl Oncol 2023; 35:101732. [PMID: 37379772 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is among the most lethal malignancies in the world, with a prognosis that is extremely poor. The results of previous studies suggest that tripartite motif containing 37 (TRIM37) contributes to the progression of numerous types of cancer. Nevertheless, there is little knowledge about the molecular mechanisms and functions of TRIM37 in GBC. METHODS A clinical significance assessment was conducted on TRIM37 following its detection by immunohistochemistry. In vitro and in vivo functional assays were performed to investigate the role of TRIM37 in GBC. RESULTS In this study, TRIM37 is upregulated in GBC tissues, which is associated with decreased histological differentiation, advanced TNM stage, and shorter overall survival rates. In vitro, TRIM37 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis, and in vivo, TRIM37 knockdown suppressed GBC growth. Contrary to this, cell proliferation is increased in GBC cells when overexpression of TRIM37 is expressed. Mechanistic investigations revealed that TRIM37 promotes GBC progression through activation of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway via degradation of Axin1. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that TRIM37 contributes to the development of GBC and thus provides an important biomarker for predicting GBC prognosis and an effective target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Bowen Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Zhongran Man
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Hongyi Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China; Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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