2
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Cavalier MC, Ansari MI, Pierce AD, Wilder PT, McKnight LE, Raman EP, Neau DB, Bezawada P, Alasady MJ, Charpentier TH, Varney KM, Toth EA, MacKerell AD, Coop A, Weber DJ. Small Molecule Inhibitors of Ca(2+)-S100B Reveal Two Protein Conformations. J Med Chem 2016; 59:592-608. [PMID: 26727270 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The drug pentamidine inhibits calcium-dependent complex formation with p53 ((Ca)S100B·p53) in malignant melanoma (MM) and restores p53 tumor suppressor activity in vivo. However, off-target effects associated with this drug were problematic in MM patients. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies were therefore completed here with 23 pentamidine analogues, and X-ray structures of (Ca)S100B·inhibitor complexes revealed that the C-terminus of S100B adopts two different conformations, with location of Phe87 and Phe88 being the distinguishing feature and termed the "FF-gate". For symmetric pentamidine analogues ((Ca)S100B·5a, (Ca)S100B·6b) a channel between sites 1 and 2 on S100B was occluded by residue Phe88, but for an asymmetric pentamidine analogue ((Ca)S100B·17), this same channel was open. The (Ca)S100B·17 structure illustrates, for the first time, a pentamidine analog capable of binding the "open" form of the "FF-gate" and provides a means to block all three "hot spots" on (Ca)S100B, which will impact next generation (Ca)S100B·p53 inhibitor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Cavalier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics (CBT), University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Mohd Imran Ansari
- Computer Aided Drug Design Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Adam D Pierce
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics (CBT), University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Paul T Wilder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics (CBT), University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Laura E McKnight
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics (CBT), University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - E Prabhu Raman
- Computer Aided Drug Design Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | | | - Padmavani Bezawada
- Computer Aided Drug Design Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Milad J Alasady
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics (CBT), University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Thomas H Charpentier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics (CBT), University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Kristen M Varney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics (CBT), University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Eric A Toth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics (CBT), University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States.,Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research , 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Alexander D MacKerell
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States.,Computer Aided Drug Design Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Andrew Coop
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States.,Computer Aided Drug Design Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - David J Weber
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics (CBT), University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
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4
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Chen GF, Li HY, Xiao N, Chen BH, Song YL, Li JT, Li ZW. Efficient Synthesis of 2-Imidazolines in the Presence of Molecular Iodine Under Ultrasound Irradiation. Aust J Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1071/ch13700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An efficient one-pot synthesis process for preparing 2-imidazolines from aldehydes and ethylenediamine using molecular iodine and potassium carbonate in absolute ethanol at 25–30°C under ultrasound irradiation is described. The synthetic strategy has the following advantages: mild conditions and low costs requirements, readily available catalyst, short reaction times, simplicity of operation, and good-to-excellent yields.
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Bakunova SM, Bakunov SA, Patrick DA, Kumar EVKS, Ohemeng KA, Bridges AS, Wenzler T, Barszcz T, Jones SK, Werbovetz KA, Brun R, Tidwell RR. Structure-activity study of pentamidine analogues as antiprotozoal agents. J Med Chem 2009; 52:2016-35. [PMID: 19267462 DOI: 10.1021/jm801547t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Diamidine 1 (pentamidine) and 65 analogues (2-66) have been tested for in vitro antiprotozoal activities against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, Plasmodium falciparum, and Leishmania donovani, and for cytotoxicity against mammalian cells. Dications 32, 64, and 66 exhibited antitrypanosomal potencies equal or greater than melarsoprol (IC(50) = 4 nM). Nine congeners (2-4, 12, 27, 30, and 64-66) were more active against P. falciparum than artemisinin (IC(50) = 6 nM). Eight compounds (12, 32, 33, 44, 59, 62, 64, and 66) exhibited equal or better antileishmanial activities than 1 (IC(50) = 1.8 microM). Several congeners were more active than 1 in vivo, curing at least 2/4 infected animals in the acute mouse model of trypanosomiasis. The diimidazoline 66 was the most promising compound in the series, showing excellent in vitro activities and high selectivities against T. b. rhodesiense, P. falciparum, and L. donovani combined with high antitrypanosomal efficacy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana M Bakunova
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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Dutkiewicz G, Borowiak T, Spychała J. 4,4′-(1,2,4,5-Tetrazine-3,6-diyl)dibenzonitrile. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2009; 65:o824. [PMID: 21582544 PMCID: PMC2968976 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536809008599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2009] [Accepted: 03/09/2009] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Molecules of the title compound, C16H8N6, lie on crystallographic inversion centres. A dihedral angle of 16.1 (1)° is formed between the central tetrazine ring and the plane of each cyanophenyl group. The molecules form stacks along [100] with a perpendicular interplanar separation of 3.25 (1) Å. C—H⋯N interactions are formed between molecules in neighbouring stacks.
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7
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Sun M, Wei HT, Li D, Zheng YG, Cai J, Ji M. Mild and Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Imidazolines from Nitriles Using Sodium Hydrosulfide as Catalyst. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910802109232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Sun
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University , Nanjing, China
| | - Hong-Tao Wei
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University , Nanjing, China
| | - Dong Li
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University , Nanjing, China
| | - You-Guang Zheng
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University , Nanjing, China
- b Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Devices of Jiangsu Province , Suzhou, China
- c Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Technology of Suzhou City , Suzhou, China
| | - Jin Cai
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University , Nanjing, China
- b Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Devices of Jiangsu Province , Suzhou, China
- c Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Technology of Suzhou City , Suzhou, China
| | - Min Ji
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University , Nanjing, China
- b Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Devices of Jiangsu Province , Suzhou, China
- c Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Technology of Suzhou City , Suzhou, China
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8
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Spychała J. The usefulness of cyclic diamidines with different core-substituents as antitumor agents. Bioorg Chem 2008; 36:183-9. [PMID: 18571215 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2008.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2008] [Revised: 05/06/2008] [Accepted: 05/08/2008] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A series of related polycationic compounds has been screened for potential antitumor activity by the NCI's in vitro testing (one dose primary anticancer assay and the NCI-60 full panel screening). The GI50 values of triazines 3 and 4 are on average 1.9 microM and 2.4 microM, respectively. Furan 8 deserves mention too (1.9 microM). The biological test results showed that carbazole 10 possessed cytotoxic activity in the nanomolar range, much better than the other compounds tested, only against several cancer cell lines: CCRF-CEM, HL-60(TB), MOLT-4, NCI-H522, COLO 205, SF-268, but the average GI50 value was higher (15 microM). The activity appears closely dependent on the core-shape and length of the bisimidazoline molecules (important for both high cytotoxicity and DNA binding). The mechanism of DNA minor-groove binding of diamidines 1-12, based on the anticancer parameters, is highly probable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Spychała
- Department of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland.
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