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Singh K, Behera SS, Tyagi R, Tiwari G, Sagar R. Metal free synthesis of 2,3-dideoxy-α, β-unsaturated carbohydrate enals (Perlin aldehydes). Carbohydr Res 2023; 531:108890. [PMID: 37406515 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
A metal free synthesis of enantiopure 2,3-dideoxy-α, β-unsaturated carbohydrate enals (Perlin aldehydes), in CH3CN-0.02 N H2SO4 in water (1:1, v/v) with 0.5 equivalent additives (4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-pyrone or 4-amino coumarin), has been reported. This efficient protocol works well for the acetylated glycals (glucal, galactal and arabinal) and afforded Perlin aldehydes and hemiacetals in acceptable to good yields. Whereas, benzylated glycals furnished respective Perlin aldehydes, hemiacetals and the 2-deoxy derivatives, under similar reaction conditions. The products yields were significantly reduced when the additives were removed from the reaction mixture, indicating that they constitute an essential component of this approach. Further the use of 0.02 N H2SO4 in water: acetonitrile (1:1, v/v) solvent system is essential for the formation of Perlin aldehydes. The similar reactions under neutral reaction conditions (CH3CN:H2O, 1:1, v/v) with additives, afforded the hemiacetals as major product. This methodology is a metal free approach to Perlin aldehyde synthesis and therefore having additional benefit of its use in preparation of bioactive drug molecules, where metal toxicity is the major concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Singh
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sourav Sagar Behera
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rajdeep Tyagi
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ghanshyam Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Ram Sagar
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India; Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
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Reddy LVR, Kumar V, Sagar R, Shaw AK. Glycal-Derived δ-Hydroxy α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes (Perlin Aldehydes): Versatile Building Blocks in Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2013; 113:3605-31. [DOI: 10.1021/cr200016m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Vijaya Raghava Reddy
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India-226001
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India-226001
| | - Ram Sagar
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India-226001
| | - Arun K. Shaw
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India-226001
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Sagar R, Reddy LVR, Shaw AK. Studies on epoxidation of enantiomerically pure 2,3-dideoxy hex-2-enitols: a convenient access to highly functionalized enantiomerically pure tetrahydrofuran derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2006.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sagar R, Pathak R, Shaw AK. Reinvestigation of the mercuration–demercuration reaction on alkylated glycals: an improved method for the preparation of 2,3-dideoxy-α,β-unsaturated carbohydrate enals. Carbohydr Res 2004; 339:2031-5. [PMID: 15261597 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2004.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2004] [Accepted: 05/27/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Alkyl protected glycals can be easily converted into their corresponding alpha,beta-unsaturated enals (Perlin aldehydes) in good to very good yields by reaction with HgSO4 and aqueous 0.02 N H2SO4 in THF or 1,4-dioxane. While the formation of Perlin aldehydes from benzyl-protected glucal and arabinal was accomplished by refluxing the reaction mixture in 1,4-dioxane, the benzyl-protected galactal and methyl-protected glucal, galactal, and arabinal yielded aldehydes from this reaction at room temperature using THF or 1,4-dioxane as solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sagar
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
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Pathak R, Shaw AK, Bhaduri AP. Chain extension of acyclic sugar derivatives via the Baylis–Hillman reaction. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00321-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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