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Rial-Berriel C, Acosta-Dacal A, Zumbado M, Henríquez-Hernández LA, Rodríguez-Hernández Á, Macías-Montes A, Boada LD, Travieso-Aja MDM, Martin-Cruz B, Suárez-Pérez A, Cabrera-Pérez MÁ, Luzardo OP. Epidemiology of Animal Poisonings in the Canary Islands (Spain) during the Period 2014-2021. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9100267. [PMID: 34678963 PMCID: PMC8540516 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9100267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Animal poisoning is one of the greatest conservation threats facing wildlife. In a preliminary study in the oceanic archipelago of the Canary Islands, we showed that the degree of threat from this circumstance was very high-even higher than that reported in other regions of continental Europe. Consequently, a legal framework for the effective prosecution of the crime of wildlife poisoning came into force in 2014 in this region. We present the results of the investigation of 961 animals and 84 baits sent to our laboratory for the diagnosis of animal poisonings during the period 2014–2021. We were able to identify poison as the cause of death in 251 animals and 61 baits. Carbofuran stands out as the main agent used in this archipelago. We have also detected an increasing tendency to use mixtures of several pesticides in the preparation of baits. The entry into operation of two canine patrols has led to the detection of more dead animals in the wild and a greater number of poisoned animals. The percentage of poison positives is significantly higher in areas with lower population density, corresponding to rural environments, as well as in areas with greater agricultural and livestock activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Rial-Berriel
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (C.R.-B.); (A.A.-D.); (M.Z.); (L.A.H.-H.); (Á.R.-H.); (A.M.-M.); (L.D.B.); (B.M.-C.)
- Study Group on Wild Animal Conservation Medicine (GEMAS), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Acosta-Dacal
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (C.R.-B.); (A.A.-D.); (M.Z.); (L.A.H.-H.); (Á.R.-H.); (A.M.-M.); (L.D.B.); (B.M.-C.)
| | - Manuel Zumbado
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (C.R.-B.); (A.A.-D.); (M.Z.); (L.A.H.-H.); (Á.R.-H.); (A.M.-M.); (L.D.B.); (B.M.-C.)
- Study Group on Wild Animal Conservation Medicine (GEMAS), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Alberto Henríquez-Hernández
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (C.R.-B.); (A.A.-D.); (M.Z.); (L.A.H.-H.); (Á.R.-H.); (A.M.-M.); (L.D.B.); (B.M.-C.)
- Study Group on Wild Animal Conservation Medicine (GEMAS), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Rodríguez-Hernández
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (C.R.-B.); (A.A.-D.); (M.Z.); (L.A.H.-H.); (Á.R.-H.); (A.M.-M.); (L.D.B.); (B.M.-C.)
| | - Ana Macías-Montes
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (C.R.-B.); (A.A.-D.); (M.Z.); (L.A.H.-H.); (Á.R.-H.); (A.M.-M.); (L.D.B.); (B.M.-C.)
| | - Luis D. Boada
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (C.R.-B.); (A.A.-D.); (M.Z.); (L.A.H.-H.); (Á.R.-H.); (A.M.-M.); (L.D.B.); (B.M.-C.)
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz Martin-Cruz
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (C.R.-B.); (A.A.-D.); (M.Z.); (L.A.H.-H.); (Á.R.-H.); (A.M.-M.); (L.D.B.); (B.M.-C.)
| | | | - Miguel Ángel Cabrera-Pérez
- General Directorate to Combat Climate Change and the Environment, Biodiversity Service, Canary Islands Government, Plaza de los Derechos Humanos, 35071 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain;
| | - Octavio P. Luzardo
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (C.R.-B.); (A.A.-D.); (M.Z.); (L.A.H.-H.); (Á.R.-H.); (A.M.-M.); (L.D.B.); (B.M.-C.)
- Study Group on Wild Animal Conservation Medicine (GEMAS), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-928451424
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