1
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Zhang Q, Chen S, Liu A, Wang Y. Quantification of 10 bioactive components of Yazhangsan in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS and its application. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4958. [PMID: 32725639 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Yazhangsan (YZS) is a common prescription for the treatment of cough and asthma caused by wind-cold. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic profiles of 10 bioactive components in YZS. A simple, sensitive and reliable high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a triple-quadruple mass spectrometry method (LC-MS/MS) was developed and fully validated in this study for the measurement of these 10 bioactive compounds in rat plasma. One-step protein precipitation method using methanol was applied to the treatment of rat plasma samples. Chromatographic separation was conducted on a C18 column by gradient elution, and water (containing 0.1% formic acid) and acetonitrile were chosen as the mobile phase. The analytes were quantified by using a mass spectrometer in multiple reaction monitoring scanning mode, and electrospray ionization was performed in positive and negative ion modes. The established method met the requirements for the quantification of these 10 bioactive compounds in biological samples, and it was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of 10 components in rats after the intragastrical administration of YZS. This study will lay a foundation for the investigation of the mechanism of action of YZS and provide useful data for the rational use of YZS in clinical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sha Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - An Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuesheng Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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2
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Zhou JX, Wink M. Evidence for Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Isoliquiritigenin, 18β Glycyrrhetinic Acid, Ursolic Acid, and the Traditional Chinese Medicine Plants Glycyrrhiza glabra and Eriobotrya japonica, at the Molecular Level. MEDICINES 2019; 6:medicines6020055. [PMID: 31083310 PMCID: PMC6630209 DOI: 10.3390/medicines6020055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background: We investigated the effect of root extracts from the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plants Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Paeonia lactiflora Pall., and the leaf extract of Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl., and their six major secondary metabolites, glycyrrhizic acid, 18β glycyrrhetinic acid, liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin, paeoniflorin, and ursolic acid, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NF-κB expression and NF-κB-regulated pro-inflammatory factors in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Methods: The cytotoxicity of the substances was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. RAW 264.7 cells were treated with LPS (1 μg/mL) or LPS plus single substances; the gene expression levels of NF-κB subunits (RelA, RelB, c-Rel, NF-κB1, and NF-κB2), and of ICAM-1, TNF-α, iNOS, and COX-2 were measured employing real-time PCR; nitric oxide (NO) production by the cells was quantified with the Griess assay; nuclear translocation of NF-κB was visualized by immunofluorescence microscopy with NF-κB (p65) staining. Results: All the substances showed moderate cytotoxicity against RAW 264.7 cells except paeoniflorin with an IC50 above 1000 μM. Glycyrrhiza glabra extract and Eriobotrya japonica extract, as well as 18β glycyrrhetinic acid and isoliquiritigenin at low concentrations, inhibited NO production in a dose-dependent manner. LPS upregulated gene expressions of NF-κB subunits and of ICAM-1, TNF-α, iNOS, and COX-2 within 8 h, which could be decreased by 18β glycyrrhetinic acid, isoliquiritigenin and ursolic acid similarly to the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone. NF-κB translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus was observed after LPS stimulation for 2 h and was attenuated by extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Eriobotrya japonica, as well as by 18β glycyrrhetinic acid, isoliquiritigenin, and ursolic acid. Conclusions: 18β glycyrrhetinic acid, isoliquiritigenin, and ursolic acid inhibited the gene expressions of ICAM-1, TNF-α, COX-2, and iNOS, partly through inhibiting NF-κB expression and attenuating NF-κB nuclear translocation. These substances showed anti-inflammatory activity. Further studies are needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms and to assess their usefulness in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xian Zhou
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
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3
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Liu J, Wang Q, Adu-Frimpong M, Wei Q, Xie Y, Zhang K, Wei C, Weng W, Ji H, Toreniyazov E, Xu X, Yu J. Preparation, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of isoliquiritigenin-loaded TPGS modified proliposomes. Int J Pharm 2019; 563:53-62. [PMID: 30890449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) has a great variety of pharmacological effects especially liver cancer therapy, but its poor solubility, bioavailability and liver targeting have limited its clinical use. In order to solve the aforementioned shortcomings, the TPGS-modified proliposomes loaded with ISL (ISL-TPGS-PLP) was prepared in this study. ISL-TPGS-PLP was fabricated via thin-film dispersion method and was characterized by the appearance, particle size, zeta potential and morphology. HPLC was used to evaluate entrapment efficiency (EE), in vitro release and stability of ISL-TPGS-PLP single or combined while appropriate physicochemical parameters were measured with DLS. Meanwhile, the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution were also studied after oral administration. The results demonstrated that ISL-TPGS-PLP had a mean size of 23.8 ± 0.9 nm, high EE of 97.33 ± 0.40%. More importantly, nearly 90% ISL was released from ISL-TPGS-PLP within 24 h while only 50% was released from ISL suspension. In the pharmacokinetics study, the area under the curve (AUC0-24h) of ISL-TPGS-PLP was 1.53 times higher than that of ISL suspension. The Tissue distribution study showed that the ISL released from ISL-TPGS-PLP was higher in the liver than the free ISL suspension. Altogether, ISL-TPGS-PLP could ameliorate the ISL solubility, bioavailability and liver targeting ability, suggesting that ISL-TPGS-PLP could serve as a promising nanocarrier for liver cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration and Jiangsu Provincial, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration and Jiangsu Provincial, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Michael Adu-Frimpong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration and Jiangsu Provincial, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Qiuyu Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration and Jiangsu Provincial, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Yujiao Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration and Jiangsu Provincial, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Kangyi Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration and Jiangsu Provincial, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Chunmei Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration and Jiangsu Provincial, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Wen Weng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration and Jiangsu Provincial, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Hao Ji
- Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang 212001, PR China; Jiangsu Tian Sheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., No. 10 Baohua Development Zone, Jurong, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Elmurat Toreniyazov
- Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang 212001, PR China; Ashkent State Agricultural University (Nukus Branch), Avdanberdi str., Nukus 742009, Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration and Jiangsu Provincial, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China; Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang 212001, PR China.
| | - Jiangnan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration and Jiangsu Provincial, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China; Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang 212001, PR China.
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Liu T, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Hou J, Fang D, Sun H, Li Q, Xie S. Sulfation disposition of liquiritigenin in SULT1A3 overexpressing HEK293 cells: The role of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 (MRP4) in sulfate efflux of liquiritigenin. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 124:228-239. [PMID: 30176366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the cellular disposition of liquiritigenin via the sulfonation pathway and the role of efflux transporters in liquiritigenin sulfate excretion. The sulfonation disposition of liquiritigenin was investigated using SULT1A3 overexpressed HEK293 cells (HEK-SULT1A3 cells). Liquiritigenin generated one mono-sulfate metabolite (7-O-sulfate) in HEK-SULT1A3 cell lysate. And the sulfonation followed the Michaelis-Menten kinetic (Vmax = 0.84 nmol/min/mg and Km = 7.12 μM). Expectedly, recombinant SULT1A3 (hSULT1A3) showed a highly similar kinetic profile with cell lysate. Furthermore, 7-O-sulfate was rapidly generated and excreted in HEK-SULT1A3 cells. Ko143 (a BCRP-selective inhibitor) at 20 μM significantly decreased the excretion rate of liquiritigenin sulfate (>42.5%, p < 0.001). Moreover, the pan-MRPs inhibitor MK-571 at 20 μM essentially abolished the liquiritigenin sulfate effluxion, resulting in the marked reduction of excretion rate (>97.4%, p < 0.001). Furthermore, knockdown of BCRP led to moderate reduction in sulfate excretion (15.9%-16.9%, p < 0.05). Silencing of MRP4 caused significant decreased in sulfate excretion (20.2%-32.5%, p < 0.01). In conclusion, one sulfate metabolite was generated from liquiritigenin in HEK-SULT1A3 cells. BCRP and MRP4 should be the key factors for the cellular excretion of liquiritigenin sulfate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Institute for Innovative Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave., Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Institute for Innovative Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave., Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yidan Zhang
- Institute for Innovative Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave., Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Jiuzhou Hou
- Institute for Innovative Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave., Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Dong Fang
- Institute for Innovative Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave., Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Hua Sun
- Institute for Innovative Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave., Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
| | - Qin Li
- Institute for Innovative Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave., Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
| | - Songqiang Xie
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave., Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
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Alrushaid S, Davies NM, Martinez SE, Sayre CL. Stereospecific pharmacokinetic characterization of liquiritigenin in the rat. Res Pharm Sci 2017. [PMID: 28626475 PMCID: PMC5465826 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.207197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquiritigenin is a chiral flavonoid present in licorice and other medicinal plants. The nature of its biological fate with respect to the individual enantiomers has not been examined. In this study, we characterize, for the first time, the stereoselective pharmacokinetics of liquiritigenin. Liquiritigenin was intravenously (20 mg/kg) and orally (50 mg/kg) administered to male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 4 per route of administration). Concentrations in serum and urine were characterized via stereospecific reversed-phase, isocratic HPLC method with UV detection. Serum concentrations were quantified but rapidly fell to undetectable levels. S-liquiritigenin showed a short half-life (0.25-0.54 h), while a better estimation of half-life (26-77 h) and other pharmacokinetic parameters was observed using urinary data. The flavonoid is predominantly excreted via non-renal routes (fe values of 0.16-3.46 %), and undergoes rapid and extensive phase II metabolism. Chiral differences in the chemical structure of the compound result in some pharmacokinetic differences. Serum concentrations rapidly declined, making modeling difficult. S-liquiritigenin showed an increased urinary half-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaa Alrushaid
- College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Neal M Davies
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Stephanie E Martinez
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Casey L Sayre
- College of Pharmacy, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, Utah, United States
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Ren W, Zuo R, Wang YN, Wang HJ, Yang J, Xin SK, Han LY, Zhao HY, Han SY, Gao B, Hu H, Hu YJ, Bian BL, Si N. Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Analysis on Inflammation Rat Model after Oral Administration of Huang Lian Jie Du Decoction. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156256. [PMID: 27280291 PMCID: PMC4900566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Huang-Lian-Jie-Du Decoction (HLJDD) is a classical Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula with heat-dissipating and detoxifying effects. It is used to treat inflammation-associated diseases. However, no systematic pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) data concerning the activity of HLJDD under inflammatory conditions is available to date. In the present study, the concentration-time profiles and the hepatic clearance rates (HCR) of 41 major components in rat plasma in response to the oral administration of a clinical dose of HLJDD were investigated by LC-QqQ-MS using a dynamic multiple reaction monitoring (DMRM) method. Additionally, the levels of 7 cytokines (CKs) in the plasma and the body temperature of rats were analyzed. Furthermore, a PK-PD model was established to describe the time course of the hemodynamic and anti-inflammatory effects of HLJDD. As one of the three major active constituents in HLJDD, iridoids were absorbed and eliminated more easily and quickly than alkaloids and flavonoids. Compared with the normal controls, the flavonoids, alkaloids and iridoids in inflamed rats exhibited consistently changing trends of PK behaviors, such as higher bioavailability, slower elimination, delays in reaching the maximum concentration (Tmax) and longer substantivity. The HCR of iridoids was different from that of alkaloids and flavonoids in inflamed rats. Furthermore, excellent pharmacodynamic effects of HLJDD were observed in inflamed rats. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, IL-10, and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and body temperature significantly decreased after the administration of HLJDD. Based on PK-PD modeling with the three-phase synchronous characterization of time-concentration-effect, flavonoids exhibited one mechanism of action in the anti-inflammatory process, while iridoids and alkaloids showed another mechanism of action. Taken together, the results demonstrated that HLJDD may restrain inflammation synergistically via its major constituents (alkaloids, flavonoids and iridoids). A correlation between the exposure concentration of different types of compounds and their anti-inflammatory effects in the body was shown. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the anti-inflammatory activity of HLJDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ren
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ran Zuo
- Li Kang Hospital, Beijing 102609, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao-Nan Wang
- Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hong-Jie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shao-Kun Xin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ling-Yu Han
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hai-Yu Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- * E-mail: (HYZ); (NS)
| | - Shu-Yan Han
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Integration of Chinese and WesternMedicine, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, PR China
| | - Bo Gao
- Anhui Jinchan Biochemistry Company Ltd., Huaibei 235000, China
| | - Hao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yuan-Jia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Bao-Lin Bian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Nan Si
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- * E-mail: (HYZ); (NS)
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Gu J, Li H, Pei K, Cai H, Qin K, Zhang X, Zheng L, Liu X, Cai Y, Cai B. Determination of liquiritigenin by ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry: Application to a linear pharmacokinetic study of liquiritigenin in rat plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 973C:120-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Sayre CL, Hopkins M, Takemoto JK, Davies NM. Chiral analytical method development of liquiritigenin with application to a pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2012; 27:404-6. [PMID: 22815238 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacometric characterization studies of liquiritigenin have historically overlooked its chiral nature. To achieve complete characterization, an analytical method enabling the detection and quantification of the individual enantiomers of racemic (±) liquiritigenin is necessary. Resolution of the enantiomers of liquiritigenin was achieved using a simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method. A Chiralpak® ADRH column was employed to perform baseline separation with UV detection at 210 nm.The standard curves were linear ranging from 0.5 to 100 µg/mL for each enantiomer. Limit of quantification was 0.5 µg/mL. The assay was applied successfully to stereoselective serum disposition of liquiritigenin enantiomers in rats. Liquiritigenin enantiomers were detected in serum as both aglycones and glucuronidated conjugates. Both unconjugated enantiomers had a serum half-life of ~15 min in rats. The volume of distribution (V(d) ) for S- and R-liquiritigenin was 1.49 and 2.21 L/kg, respectively. Total clearance (Cl(total) ) was 5.12 L/h/kg for S-liquiritigenin and 4.79 L/h/kg for R-liquiritigenin, and area under the curve (AUC(0-inf) ) was 3.95 µg h/mL for S-liquiritigenin and 4.23 µg h/mL for R-liquiritigenin. The large volume of distribution coupled with the short serum half-life suggests extensive distribution of liquiritigenin into tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey L Sayre
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3E 0T5
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Urpi-Sarda M, Rothwell J, Morand C, Manach C. Bioavailability of Flavanones. OXIDATIVE STRESS AND DISEASE 2012. [DOI: 10.1201/b11872-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Kang HE, Sohn SI, Baek SR, Lee JW, Lee MG. Effects of acute renal failure induced by uranyl nitrate on the pharmacokinetics of liquiritigenin and its two glucuronides, M1 and M2, in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 63:49-57. [PMID: 21155815 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2010.01175.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Liver disease and acute renal failure (ARF) are closely associated. The pharmacokinetics of liquiritigenin (LQ), a candidate therapy for inflammatory liver disease, and its metabolites M1 and M2 were evaluated in rats with ARF induced by uranyl nitrate (U-ARF rats). METHODS LQ was administered intravenously (20 mg/kg) or orally (50 mg/kg) in U-ARF and control rats, and uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) activity and uridine 5'-diphosphoglucuronic acid (UDPGA) concentrations were determined in the liver and intestine. KEY FINDINGS After intravenous LQ administration, U-ARF rats displayed significantly slower LQ renal clearance but no significant changes in the LQ area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) compared with controls. This was because of similar hepatic UGT activity and UDPGA levels between two groups, which resulted in comparable non-renal clearance, as well as the limited contribution of LQ renal clearance to total LQ clearance. However, the AUC and AUC(M) /AUC(LQ) ratios of M1 and M2 were significantly increased in U-ARF rats because of decreased urinary excretion of M1 and M2. Similar results were observed following oral administration because of the comparable LQ intestinal metabolism in both groups and decreased urinary excretion of M1 and M2 in U-ARF rats. CONCLUSIONS U-ARF rats displayed decreased urinary excretion of LQ glucuronides, resulting in significantly greater AUC and metabolite ratios of M1 and M2 following LQ administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee E Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Kang HE, Sohn SI, Baek SR, Lee JW, Lee MG. Liquiritigenin pharmacokinetics in a rat model of diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin: greater formation of glucuronides in the liver, especially M2, due to increased hepatic uridine 5'-diphosphoglucuronic acid level. Metabolism 2010; 59:1472-80. [PMID: 20170928 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2010.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 01/18/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Liquiritigenin (LQ) is a candidate for the treatment of inflammatory liver disease. Many studies have confirmed that hepatic disease and diabetes mellitus are closely associated. Thus, the pharmacokinetic changes of LQ and its 2 glucuronides, M1 and M2, in a rat model of diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin (DMIS rats) were evaluated. Liquiritigenin was administered intravenously (20 mg/kg) or orally (50 mg/kg) in DMIS and control rats. Changes in in vitro activity and in vivo uridine 5'-diphosphoglucuronic acid level in the liver and intestine of DMIS rats compared with controls were also studied. After intravenous administration of LQ in DMIS rats, no significant changes in the pharmacokinetic parameters of LQ were observed. However, the AUC(M2)/AUC(LQ) ratio was significantly greater (by 53.0%) than that of controls. After oral administration of LQ, the AUC of LQ and metabolite ratios of M1 and M2 were comparable to controls. The increase in the formation of glucuronides of LQ, especially M2, after intravenous administration of LQ was due to the increased in vivo hepatic uridine 5'-diphosphoglucuronic acid level in DMIS rats as a result of alteration in carbohydrate metabolism in diabetes. The comparable pharmacokinetics of LQ, M1, and M2 after oral administration of LQ were mainly due to the comparable intestinal metabolism of LQ between the control and DMIS rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee E Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
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Kang H, Kim Y, Sohn S, Baek S, Lee J, Kim S, Lee I, Lee M. Pharmacokinetics of liquiritigenin and its two glucuronides, M1 and M2, in rats with acute hepatitis induced byd-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide or CCl4. Xenobiotica 2010; 40:424-36. [DOI: 10.3109/00498251003734251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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13
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Pharmacokinetic interaction between liquiritigenin (LQ) and DDB: Increased glucuronidation of LQ in the liver possibly due to increased hepatic blood flow rate by DDB. Eur J Pharm Sci 2010; 39:181-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2009.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2009] [Revised: 11/25/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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