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Kojina M, Suzuki K, Nishiwaki A, Aiba T. Acute Peripheral Inflammation Increases Plasma Concentration of Hypoglycemic Agent Nateglinide with Decreased Hepatic Drug-Metabolizing Activity in Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:96-102. [PMID: 33390555 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effects of inflammation on hypoglycemic agents were evaluated in male rats with acute peripheral inflammation (API). Nateglinide (NTG) was utilized as a model compound, since it is a hepatically-metabolized compound and its metabolism is mainly mediated by CYP 2C11 enzyme. In the experiments, rats were subjected to carrageenan injection into their hind paws for API induction, and the plasma concentration profiles of NTG were then examined. In addition, pooled liver microsomes were prepared from control and API rats, and the hepatic drug-metabolizing activity toward NTG and the hepatic expression of CYP2C11 protein were evaluated. It was shown that the plasma concentration of NTG following its intravenous administration decreases at a slower rate in API rats than that in control rats. It was also indicated in the incubation study with the liver microsomes that the hepatic drug-metabolizing activity toward NTG decreases in API rats. Additionally, it was revealed in Western immunoblotting that the hepatic expression of CYP2C11 protein decreases in API rats. These findings suggest that inflammation occurring in peripheral tissues brings about a decrease in hepatic NTG metabolism by suppressing the hepatic expression of CYP2C11 protein, causing an alteration of the plasma concentration profile of NTG with its impaired elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moeko Kojina
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
| | - Keiichiro Suzuki
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
| | - Akane Nishiwaki
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
| | - Tetsuya Aiba
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
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Verlinden W, Van Mieghem E, Depauw L, Vanwolleghem T, Vonghia L, Weyler J, Driessen A, Callens D, Roosens L, Dirinck E, Verrijken A, Gaal LV, Francque S. Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Decreases Microsomal Liver Function in the Absence of Fibrosis. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E546. [PMID: 33261113 PMCID: PMC7760673 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rising across the globe, with the presence of steatohepatitis leading to a more aggressive clinical course. Currently, the diagnosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is based on histology, though with the high prevalence of NAFLD, a non-invasive method is needed. The 13C-aminopyrine breath test (ABT) evaluates the microsomal liver function and could be a potential candidate. We aimed to evaluate a potential change in liver function in NASH patients and to evaluate the diagnostic power of ABT to detect NASH. We performed a retrospective analysis on patients suspected of NAFLD who underwent a liver biopsy and ABT. 440 patients were included. ABT did not decrease in patients with isolated liver steatosis but decreased significantly in the presence of NASH without fibrosis and decreased even further with the presence of significant fibrosis. The predictive power of ABT as a single test for NASH was low but improved in combination with ALT and ultrasonographic steatosis. We conclude that microsomal liver function of patients with NASH is significantly decreased, even in the absence of fibrosis. The ABT is thus a valuable tool in assessing the presence of NASH; and could be used as a supplementary diagnostic tool in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wim Verlinden
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (E.V.M.); (L.D.); (T.V.); (L.V.); (J.W.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eugénie Van Mieghem
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (E.V.M.); (L.D.); (T.V.); (L.V.); (J.W.)
| | - Laura Depauw
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (E.V.M.); (L.D.); (T.V.); (L.V.); (J.W.)
| | - Thomas Vanwolleghem
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (E.V.M.); (L.D.); (T.V.); (L.V.); (J.W.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Luisa Vonghia
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (E.V.M.); (L.D.); (T.V.); (L.V.); (J.W.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jonas Weyler
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (E.V.M.); (L.D.); (T.V.); (L.V.); (J.W.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ann Driessen
- Department of Pathology, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Dirk Callens
- Department of Clinical Biology, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium; (D.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Laurence Roosens
- Department of Clinical Biology, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium; (D.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Eveline Dirinck
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium; (E.D.); (A.V.); (L.V.G.)
| | - An Verrijken
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium; (E.D.); (A.V.); (L.V.G.)
| | - Luc Van Gaal
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium; (E.D.); (A.V.); (L.V.G.)
| | - Sven Francque
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (E.V.M.); (L.D.); (T.V.); (L.V.); (J.W.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
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Hernández-Gutiérrez L, Camacho-Carranza R, Hernández-Ojeda SL, Govezensky T, Olguín-Reyes SR, Espinosa-Aguirre JJ. Reduction in CYP1A1 and 2B2 activity at low oxygen tension. Toxicol Lett 2020; 330:90-95. [PMID: 32416225 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme family comprises a wide array of monooxygenases involved in the oxidation of endobiotic and xenobiotic molecules. The active site of a CYP enzyme contains an iron protoporphyrin center coordinated to a cysteine thiolate, and then, molecular oxygen is associated with the iron to be converted into dioxygen complex plus substrate. Reduction by CYP reductase expedites hydroxylation of the compound. In this oxidation reaction, insufficient oxygen molecules would affect enzyme catalysis. Nevertheless, biochemical data about CYP kinetics at low oxygen concentrations are not available. In this work, we present the results on the variation in rat liver microsomal CYP Vmax app and Km app under normal and hypoxic conditions. Using alkoxyresorufin molecules as substrates, the Vmax/Km ratios for resorufin production decreased from 426 to 393 for CYP1A1 and from 343 to 202 for CYP2B1 at a low oxygen concentration (4.1 ppm) compared to the ratios observed at a normal oxygen concentration (6.5 ppm). Additionally, the bacterial mutagenicity of 2-aminoanthracene and cyclophosphamide, decreased by 32% and 42%, respectively, at low oxygen concentrations. These results support the hypothesis that low oxygen availability is implicated in the low efficiency of substrate oxidation by CYP.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Hernández-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. Postal, 70-228 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - R Camacho-Carranza
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. Postal, 70-228 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - S L Hernández-Ojeda
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. Postal, 70-228 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - T Govezensky
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. Postal, 70-228 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - S R Olguín-Reyes
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. Postal, 70-228 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - J J Espinosa-Aguirre
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. Postal, 70-228 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Doi M, Kajikawa N, Aiba T. Effects of dexamethasone to reverse decreased hepatic midazolam metabolism in rats with acute renal failure. Xenobiotica 2019; 50:506-514. [PMID: 31403362 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2019.1655680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The inductive effects of dexamethasone on hepatic midazolam metabolism were examined in Wistar rats with acute renal failure (ARF) to clarify whether the ARF-related decrease in the hepatic expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes is caused by an impairment in the translation/polypeptide formation process.ARF was induced with intramuscular glycerol injection. Dexamethasone was orally administered. Pooled liver microsomes from five rats were prepared with ultracentrifugation for each of four groups, namely, control and ARF rats, control rats with dexamethasone treatment and ARF rats with dexamethasone treatment.Hepatic drug-metabolizing activity was examined in an incubation study with the microsomes, where midazolam was employed as a substrate of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A enzymes. The hepatic protein and mRNA expressions of CYP3A23/3A1 and 3A2 enzymes were also evaluated.With dexamethasone treatment, the hepatic metabolic rate of midazolam increased 1.4 times in control rats, while it increased 19.6 times in ARF rats, reflecting the greater induction of hepatic protein expressions of CYP3A enzymes in ARF rats than in control rats.The hepatic protein expression process for CYP3A23/3A1 and 3A2 responds well to dexamethasone treatment in ARF rats, indicating that the translation/polypeptide formation process is not impaired in the presence of ARF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masami Doi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Noriko Kajikawa
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Aiba
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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