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Kozin S. Biomechanical technology of injury prevention in the training of specialists in physical education and sports. HEALTH, SPORT, REHABILITATION 2021. [DOI: 10.34142/hsr.2021.07.02.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: to develop and experimentally test the biomechanical technology of injury prevention of future specialists in physical education and sports in the process of professional training (rock climbing for example).
Material and Methods. The participants of this study were 84 male students engaged in amateur climbing aged 18-19 years. All athletes were also students of physical education faculties of Ukrainian universities; 40 athletes were in the experimental group and 44 athletes were in the control group. The biomechanical technology for injury prevention in the training of specialists in physical education and sports has been developed on rock climbing for example. Developed biomechanical technology for injury prevention contains 3 areas: 1 - theoretical; 2 - analytical; 3 - practical. Injury risk (incidence) was defined as the number of injuries to the total number of athletes in the analyzed group. Relative risk (incidence rate ratio) was determined by the ratio of risk in the control group to the risk in the experimental group. The chance of injury was defined as the ratio of the number of injuries to the number of uninjured athletes in the analyzed group. The relative chance (Odds Ratio) was defined as the chances of injury in the control group to the chances of injury in the experimental group. These indicators were determined separately for low, medium and severe finger injuries.
Results. The applied technology of injury prevention significantly influences the reduction of the number of injuries of athletes – future specialists on the physical education and sports (on rock climbing for example). It is established that the application of the developed technology of injury prevention reduces the risk of finger injuries: low complexity – in 2.364 times (95% CI = 0.925-6.041, P> 0,05) times; medium complexity – in 3.333 times (95% CI = 1.001-11.096, P (Fisher) = 0.030); high complexity – in 8.182 times (95% CI = 1.084-61.749, P (Fisher) = 0.011).
Conclusions. The application of the developed biomechanical technology of injury prevention in the process of training specialists in physical education and sports significantly reduces the risk of injury to students.
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Abstract
Musculoskeletal care of the adolescent patient involves unique knowledge of their rapidly changing physical and psychological health. In this article, the importance of preventing early sports specialization is elucidated, and an encouragement of the safety and necessity of resistance training in adolescents is undertaken. It also explores two common conditions, one affecting the immature skeleton (apophysitis), and one affecting the improperly developed muscular system (patellofemoral syndrome), both of which are diagnosed clinically, and require little advanced imaging. Finally, a brief overview of relative energy deficiency in sport is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Bernstein
- Musculoskeletal Faculty, Naval Hospital Jacksonville Family Medicine Residency, 2080 Child St, Jacksonville, FL 32214, USA.
| | - Paul Seales
- Fleet Surgical Team 4, 1084 Pocahontas Street, Suite 150, Norfolk, VA 23511, USA
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Sugimoto D, Jackson SS, Howell DR, Meehan WP, Stracciolini A. Association between training volume and lower extremity overuse injuries in young female athletes: implications for early sports specialization. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2019; 47:199-204. [PMID: 30403911 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2018.1546107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies indicated greater risk of overuse injuries among young female athletes than their male counterparts. However, few studies have focused on female athletes and the effect of single-sport participation on lower extremity overuse injuries. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to identify an independent risk variable for lower extremity overuse injuries based on status of sport participations (single- and multisports) in young female athletes. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 12-18-year-old female athletes were asked to complete electronic questionnaires describing their current sport participation and previous injury history. Range of motion (ROM), muscular strength, and performance parameters were measured at the time of completion of electronic questionnaires. Potential risk variables were compared between single- and multisport athletes and entered into a logistic regression model. Adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), and p values were recorded to find an association with increased likelihood of lower extremity overuse injuries. RESULTS The study cohort comprised 236 female young athletes (single-sport athletes: N = 60, multisport athletes: N = 176). A few variables including age, BMI, weekly hours of training for a sport, knee ROM, ankle ROM, and knee extensor strength were identified as potential risk variables. A logistic regression analysis showed an independent association between increased weekly hours of training for a sport and greater likelihood of histories of lower extremity overuse injuries (aOR = 1.091, 95% CIs: 1.007-1.183, p = .034). CONCLUSION Although status of single- or multisports participation was not a significant risk variable, increased training volume was found to be an independent contributing factor for greater likelihood of lower extremity overuse injury histories in 12-18 years female athletes. The current study identified that single-sport athletes trained nearly twice as many hours per week when compared to multisport athletes, which may explain an underlying mechanism of sports specialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Sugimoto
- a The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention , Waltham , MA , USA.,b Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics , Boston Children's Hospital , Boston , MA , USA.,c Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Sarah S Jackson
- a The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention , Waltham , MA , USA.,b Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics , Boston Children's Hospital , Boston , MA , USA.,c Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - David R Howell
- a The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention , Waltham , MA , USA.,d Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine , University of Colorado , Aurora , CO , USA.,e Sports Medicine Center , Children's Hospital Colorado , Aurora , CO , USA
| | - William P Meehan
- a The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention , Waltham , MA , USA.,b Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics , Boston Children's Hospital , Boston , MA , USA.,c Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Andrea Stracciolini
- a The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention , Waltham , MA , USA.,b Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics , Boston Children's Hospital , Boston , MA , USA.,c Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
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Ristolainen L, Toivo K, Parkkari J, Kokko S, Alanko L, Heinonen OJ, Korpelainen R, Savonen K, Selänne H, Vasankari T, Kannas L, Villberg J, Kujala UM. Acute and overuse injuries among sports club members and non-members: the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019; 20:32. [PMID: 30660197 PMCID: PMC6339310 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-019-2417-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity in adolescence is promoted for its multi-dimensional health benefits. However, too intensive sports participation is associated with an increased injury risk. Our aim was to compare the occurrence of acute and overuse injuries in Finnish sports club members and non-members and to report training and competing habits associated with a higher injury risk in sports club members. Methods In this cross-sectional survey targeted at 14–16-year-old adolescents, a structured questionnaire was completed by 1077 sports club members and 812 non-members. The main outcome measures were self-reported acute and overuse injuries, their location and type. Results At least one acute injury in the past year was reported by 44.0% of sports club members and 19.8% of non-members (P < 0.001). The sex-adjusted odds ratio (OR) for acute injury in sports club members compared to non-members was 3.13 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 2.54–3.87). Thirty-five percent of sports club members and 17.4% of non-members (P < 0.001) reported at least one overuse injury during the past year. The overuse injury OR for sports club members was 2.61 (95% CI 2.09–3.26). Sports club members who trained 7–14 h per week during training (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.21–2.12, P = 0.001) or competition season (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.18–2.06, P = 0.002) were more likely to report an injury compared to members who trained 3–6 h per week. Those sports club members who participated in forty competitions or more compared to 7–19 competitions per year were more likely to report an acute injury (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.05–2.08, P = 0.028) or for an overuse injury (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.02–2.30, P = 0.038). Conclusions Both acute and overuse injuries are common among youth sports club members, and the number increases along with increasing amounts of training and competitions. More effective injury prevention is needed both for adolescents engaging in sports club activities and for other adolescents. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12891-019-2417-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ristolainen
- Orton Orthopaedic Hospital, Orton, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - K Toivo
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - J Parkkari
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - S Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - L Alanko
- Sports Medicine Clinic, Foundation for Sports and Exercise Clinic, Helsinki, Finland
| | - O J Heinonen
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Department of Physical Activity and Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - R Korpelainen
- Oulu Deaconess Institute, Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - K Savonen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H Selänne
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - T Vasankari
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - L Kannas
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J Villberg
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - U M Kujala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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DiFiori JP, Güllich A, Brenner JS, Côté J, Hainline B, Ryan E, Malina RM. The NBA and Youth Basketball: Recommendations for Promoting a Healthy and Positive Experience. Sports Med 2018; 48:2053-2065. [PMID: 29961207 PMCID: PMC6096539 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-018-0950-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Participation in sports offers both short-term and long-term physical and psychosocial benefits for children and adolescents. However, an overemphasis on competitive success in youth sports may limit the benefits of participation, and could increase the risk of injury, burnout, and disengagement from physical activity. The National Basketball Association and USA Basketball recently assembled a group of leading experts to share their applied research and practices to address these issues. This review includes the group's analysis of the existing body of research regarding youth sports participation and the related health, performance, and psychosocial outcomes. Based upon this, age-specific recommendations for basketball participation are provided that aim to promote a healthy and positive experience for youth basketball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P DiFiori
- Primary Care Sports Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
| | - Arne Güllich
- Department of Sports Science, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Joel S Brenner
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Jean Côté
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Robert M Malina
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
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Ramachandran V, Wang R, Ramachandran SS, Ahmed AS, Phan K, Antonsen EL. Effects of spaceflight on cartilage: implications on spinal physiology. JOURNAL OF SPINE SURGERY 2018; 4:433-445. [PMID: 30069539 DOI: 10.21037/jss.2018.04.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Spaceflight alters normal physiology of cells and tissues observed on Earth. The effects of spaceflight on the musculoskeletal system have been thoroughly studied, however, the effects on cartilage have not. This area is gaining more relevance as long duration missions, such as Mars, are planned. The impact on intervertebral discs and articular cartilage are of particular interest to astronauts and their physicians. This review surveys the literature and reports on the current body of knowledge regarding the effects of spaceflight on cartilage, and specifically changes to the spine and intervertebral disc integrity and physiology. A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar. Eighty-six unique papers were identified, 15 of which were included. The effect of spaceflight on cartilage is comprehensively presented due to limited research on the effect of microgravity on the spine/intervertebral discs. Cellular, animal, and human studies are discussed, focusing on human physiologic changes, cartilage histology, mineralization, biomechanics, chondrogenesis, and tissue engineering. Several common themes were found, such as decreased structural integrity of intervertebral disks and impaired osteogenesis/ossification. However, studies also presented conflicting results, rendering strong conclusions difficult. The paucity of human cartilage studies in spaceflight leaves extrapolation from other model systems the only current option for drawing conclusions despite known and unknown limitations in applicability to human physiology, especially spinal pathophysiology which is special interest. The aerospace and biomedical research communities would benefit from further human spaceflight articular cartilage and intervertebral disc studies. Further research may yield beneficial application for spaceflight, and crossover in understanding and treating terrestrial diseases like osteoarthritis and vertebral disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruifei Wang
- Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shyam S Ramachandran
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Adil S Ahmed
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Kevin Phan
- NeuroSpine Surgery Research Group (NSURG), Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
| | - Erik L Antonsen
- Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Houston, TX, USA
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Keays G, Friedman D, Beaudin M, Gagnon I. An evaluation of the impact of FIFA World Cup on soccer emergency department injuries among Montreal adolescents. J Paediatr Child Health 2018; 54:515-521. [PMID: 29125217 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.13784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The 'trickle-down effect', or how major sports events have a positive impact on sports participation, has been the subject of many studies, but none produced conclusive results. We took a different approach and rather than look at sports participation, we used injuries as a proxy and see if injuries increased, or remained the same, after the International Federation of Association Football World Cup. METHODS Using a retrospective cohort design, we looked at the injuries suffered by males and females (13-16 years old) while playing team sports in Montreal, that occurred in May to July, from 1999 to 2014. Information reported by the Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting Prevention Program (CHIRPP) was limited to the two CHIRPP centres in Montreal: the Montreal Children's Hospital and Hopital Sainte-Justine. RESULTS In females, no significant trends were noticed. In males who played non-organised soccer, the percent changes between FIFA World Cup (WC) (June) and pre-FIFA WC (May) was always highest during FIFA WC years: 17.2% more injuries in years when FIFA WC was held compared to 1.3% less injuries during non-FIFA WC years. In non-organised soccer, male players suffered less strains/sprains (11.9% vs. 30.1%; P = 0.015), suffered more severe injuries (59.7% vs. 43.1%; P = 0.049) and more of their injuries were the results of direct contact with another player (26.8% vs. 13.3%; P = 0.028) during FIFA WC. CONCLUSION FIFA WC seems to have an impact on the injuries of teenage boys when playing non-organised soccer. The impact was short-lived, only lasting during the FIFA WC event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn Keays
- McGill Health Centre, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Debbie Friedman
- McGill Health Centre, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Canada.,Trauma, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marianne Beaudin
- Trauma Department, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Isabelle Gagnon
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Pediatrics and Trauma, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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