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Yaseri R, Fadaie M, Mirzaei E, Samadian H, Ebrahiminezhad A. Surface modification of polycaprolactone nanofibers through hydrolysis and aminolysis: a comparative study on structural characteristics, mechanical properties, and cellular performance. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9434. [PMID: 37296193 PMCID: PMC10256742 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36563-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrolysis and aminolysis are two main commonly used chemical methods for surface modification of hydrophobic tissue engineering scaffolds. The type of chemical reagents along with the concentration and treatment time are main factors that determine the effects of these methods on biomaterials. In the present study, electrospun poly (ℇ-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers were modified through hydrolysis and aminolysis. The applied chemical solutions for hydrolysis and aminolysis were NaOH (0.5-2 M) and hexamethylenediamine/isopropanol (HMD/IPA, 0.5-2 M) correspondingly. Three distinct incubation time points were predetermined for the hydrolysis and aminolysis treatments. According to the scanning electron microscopy results, morphological changes emerged only in the higher concentrations of hydrolysis solution (1 M and 2 M) and prolonged treatment duration (6 and 12 h). In contrast, aminolysis treatments induced slight changes in the morphological features of the electrospun PCL nanofibers. Even though surface hydrophilicity of PCL nanofibers was noticeably improved through the both methods, the resultant influence of hydrolysis was comparatively more considerable. As a general trend, both hydrolysis and aminolysis resulted in a moderate decline in the mechanical performance of PCL samples. Energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis indicated elemental changes after the hydrolysis and aminolysis treatments. However, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and infrared spectroscopy results did not show noticeable alterations subsequent to the treatments. The fibroblast cells were well spread and exhibited a spindle-like shape on the both treated groups. Furthermore, according to the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, the surface treatment procedures ameliorated proliferative properties of PCL nanofibers. These findings represented that the modified PCL nanofibrous samples by hydrolysis and aminolysis treatments can be considered as the potentially favorable candidates for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziye Yaseri
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Milad Fadaie
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Hadi Samadian
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Anaya-Mancipe JM, Queiroz VM, dos Santos RF, Castro RN, Cardoso VS, Vermelho AB, Dias ML, Thiré RMSM. Electrospun Nanofibers Loaded with Plantago major L. Extract for Potential Use in Cutaneous Wound Healing. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1047. [PMID: 37111535 PMCID: PMC10144042 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plantago major L. is a plant available worldwide that has been traditionally used for several medical applications due to its wound healing, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. This work aimed to develop and evaluate a nanostructured PCL electrospun dressing with P. major extract encapsulated in nanofibers for applications in wound healing. The extract from leaves was obtained by extraction in a mixture of water:ethanol = 1:1. The freeze-dried extract presented a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for Staphylococcus Aureus susceptible and resistant to methicillin of 5.3 mg/mL, a high antioxidant capacity, but a low content of total flavonoids. Electrospun mats without defects were successfully produced using two P. major extract concentrations based on the MIC value. The extract incorporation in PCL nanofibers was confirmed using FTIR and contact angle measurements. The PCL/P. major extract was evaluated using DSC and TGA demonstrating that the incorporation of the extract decreases the thermal stability of the mats as well as the degree of crystallinity of PCL-based fibers. The P. major extract incorporation on electrospun mats produced a significant swelling degree (more than 400%) and increased the capacity of adsorbing wound exudates and moisture, important characteristics for skin healing. The extract-controlled release evaluated using in vitro study in PBS (pH, 7.4) shows that the P. major extract delivery from the mats occurs in the first 24 h, demonstrating their potential capacity to be used in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier M. Anaya-Mancipe
- COPPE/Program of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering—PEMM, Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro—UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, RJ, Brazil; (J.M.A.-M.)
- Institute of Macromolecules Professor Eloisa Mano—IMA, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro—UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M. Queiroz
- COPPE/Program of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering—PEMM, Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro—UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, RJ, Brazil; (J.M.A.-M.)
| | - Rafael F. dos Santos
- Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro—UFRRJ, Seropédica 23890-000, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rosane N. Castro
- Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro—UFRRJ, Seropédica 23890-000, RJ, Brazil
| | - Verônica S. Cardoso
- Bioinovar—Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro—UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alane B. Vermelho
- Bioinovar—Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro—UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcos L. Dias
- Institute of Macromolecules Professor Eloisa Mano—IMA, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro—UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rossana M. S. M. Thiré
- COPPE/Program of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering—PEMM, Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro—UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, RJ, Brazil; (J.M.A.-M.)
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Anaya Mancipe JM, Boldrini Pereira LC, de Miranda Borchio PG, Dias ML, da Silva Moreira Thiré RM. Novel polycaprolactone (PCL)-type I collagen core-shell electrospun nanofibers for wound healing applications. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:366-381. [PMID: 36068930 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Type I collagen (Col_1) is one of the main proteins present in the skin extracellular matrix, serving as support for skin regeneration and maturation in its granulation stage. Electrospun materials have been intensively studied as the next generation of skin wound dressing mainly due to their high surface area and fibrous porosity. However, the electrospinning of collagen-based solutions causes degradation of its structure. In this work, a coaxial electrospinning process was proposed to overcome this limitation. The production of mats of polycaprolactone (PCL)-Col_1/PVA (collagen/poly(vinyl alcohol)) composed of core-shell nanofibers was investigated. PCL solution was used as the core solution, while Col_1/PVA was used as the shell solution. PVA was used to improve the processability of collagen, while PCL was employed to improve the mechanical properties and morphology of Col_1/PVA fibers. The morphology and the cytotoxicity of the fibers were highly dependent on the processing parameters. Defect-free core-shell nanofibers were obtained with a shell/core flow rates ratio = 4, flight distance of 12 cm, and an applied voltage of 16 kV. Using this strategy, the triple helix structure characteristic of the collagen molecule was preserved. Moreover, the common post-processing of solvent removal could be suppressed, simplifying the manufacturing processing of these biomaterials. The nanostructured mats showed no cytotoxicity, high liquid absorption, structural stability, hydrophilic character, and collagen release capacity, making them a potential novel dressing for skin damage regeneration, in special in the case of chronic wounds treatment, in which exogenous collagen delivery is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Mauricio Anaya Mancipe
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais/COPPE, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, IMA, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Cunha Boldrini Pereira
- Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia - INMETRO, Diretoria de Metrologia Aplicada as Ciências da Vida, DIMAV, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biomedicina Translacional - BIOTRANS, Duque de Caxias, Brazil
| | - Priscila Grion de Miranda Borchio
- Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia - INMETRO, Diretoria de Metrologia Aplicada as Ciências da Vida, DIMAV, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biomedicina Translacional - BIOTRANS, Duque de Caxias, Brazil
| | - Marcos Lopes Dias
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, IMA, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rossana Mara da Silva Moreira Thiré
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais/COPPE, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Dulnik J, Jeznach O, Sajkiewicz P. A Comparative Study of Three Approaches to Fibre's Surface Functionalization. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040272. [PMID: 36547532 PMCID: PMC9782664 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyester-based scaffolds are of research interest for the regeneration of a wide spectrum of tissues. However, there is a need to improve scaffold wettability and introduce bioactivity. Surface modification is a widely studied approach for improving scaffold performance and maintaining appropriate bulk properties. In this study, three methods to functionalize the surface of the poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) PLCL fibres using gelatin immobilisation were compared. Hydrolysis, oxygen plasma treatment, and aminolysis were chosen as activation methods to introduce carboxyl (-COOH) and amino (-NH2) functional groups on the surface before gelatin immobilisation. To covalently attach the gelatin, carbodiimide coupling was chosen for hydrolysed and plasma-treated materials, and glutaraldehyde crosslinking was used in the case of the aminolysed samples. Materials after physical entrapment of gelatin and immobilisation using carbodiimide coupling without previous activation were prepared as controls. The difference in gelatin amount on the surface, impact on the fibres morphology, molecular weight, and mechanical properties were observed depending on the type of modification and applied parameters of activation. It was shown that hydrolysis influences the surface of the material the most, whereas plasma treatment and aminolysis have an effect on the whole volume of the material. Despite this difference, bulk mechanical properties were affected for all the approaches. All materials were completely hydrophilic after functionalization. Cytotoxicity was not recognized for any of the samples. Gelatin immobilisation resulted in improved L929 cell morphology with the best effect for samples activated with hydrolysis and plasma treatment. Our study indicates that the use of any surface activation method should be limited to the lowest concentration/reaction time that enables subsequent satisfactory functionalization and the decision should be based on a specific function that the final scaffold material has to perform.
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Nanostructured Electrospun Polycaprolactone-Propolis Mats Composed of Different Morphologies for Potential Use in Wound Healing. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165351. [PMID: 36014590 PMCID: PMC9413572 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate different types of morphologies obtained using the electrospinning process to produce a material that enables wound healing while performing a controlled release. Using benign solvents, the authors prepared and characterised electrospun polycaprolactone mats loaded with propolis, a popular extract in traditional medicine with potential for skin repair. Different morphologies were obtained from distinct storage periods of the solution before electrospinning to investigate the effect of PCL hydrolysis (average diameters of fibres and beads: 159.2-280.5 nm and 1.9-5.6 μm, respectively). Phytochemical and FTIR analyses of the extract confirmed propolis composition. GPC and viscosity analyses showed a decrease in polymer molecular weight over the storage period (about a 70% reduction over 14 days) and confirmed that it was responsible for the nanostructure diversity. Moreover, propolis acted as a lubricant agent, affecting the spun solutions' viscosity and the thermal properties and hydrophilicity of the mats. All samples were within the value range of the water vapour transpiration rate of the commercial products (1263.08 to 2179.84 g/m2·day). Even though the presence of beads did not affect the propolis release pattern, an in vitro wound-healing assay showed that propolis-loaded mats composed of beaded fibres increased the cell migration process. Thus, these films could present the potential for use in wound dressing applications.
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Jeznach O, Kołbuk D, Marzec M, Bernasik A, Sajkiewicz P. Aminolysis as a surface functionalization method of aliphatic polyester nonwovens: impact on material properties and biological response. RSC Adv 2022; 12:11303-11317. [PMID: 35425046 PMCID: PMC8997583 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00542e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminolysis treatment improves L929 cell–scaffold interaction. It is possible to reach compromise between the concentration of NH2 groups and mechanical properties change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliwia Jeznach
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Kołbuk
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Marzec
- AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Adama Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Bernasik
- AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Adama Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
| | - Paweł Sajkiewicz
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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Lategan M, Kumar P, Choonara YE. Functionalizing nanofibrous platforms for neural tissue engineering applications. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:1381-1403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Vigneswari S, Gurusamy TP, Abdul Khalil HPS, Ramakrishna S, Amirul AAA. Elucidation of Antimicrobial Silver Sulfadiazine (SSD) Blend/Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate- co-4-Hydroxybutyrate) Immobilised with Collagen Peptide as Potential Biomaterial. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12122979. [PMID: 33327456 PMCID: PMC7764998 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The quest for a suitable biomaterial for medical application and tissue regeneration has resulted in the extensive research of surface functionalization of material. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB-co-4HB)] is a bacterial polymer well-known for its high levels of biocompatibility, non-genotoxicity, and minimal tissue response. We have designed a porous antimicrobial silver SSD blend/poly(3HB-co-4HB)-collagen peptide scaffold using a combination of simple techniques to develop a scaffold with an inter-connected microporous pore in this study. The collagen peptide was immobilised via -NH2 group via aminolysis. In order to improve the antimicrobial performance of the scaffold, silver sulfadiazine (SSD) was impregnated in the scaffolds. To confirm the immobilised collagen peptide and SSD, the scaffold was characterized using FTIR. Herein, based on the cell proliferation assay of the L929 fibroblast cells, enhanced bioactivity of the scaffold with improved wettability facilitated increased cell proliferation. The antimicrobial activity of the SSD blend/P(3HB-co-4HB)-collagen peptide in reference to the pathogenic Gram-negative, Gram-positive bacteria and yeast Candida albicans exhibited SSD blend/poly(3HB-co-4HB)-12.5 wt% collagen peptide as significant construct of biocompatible antibacterial biomaterials. Thus, SSD blend/P(3HB-co-4HB)-collagen peptide scaffold from this finding has high potential to be further developed as biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevakumaran Vigneswari
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia;
| | | | | | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117581, Singapore;
| | - Al-Ashraf Abdullah Amirul
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia;
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bayan Lepas, Penang 11900, Malaysia
- Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals, NIBM, Penang 11700, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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Niemczyk-Soczynska B, Gradys A, Sajkiewicz P. Hydrophilic Surface Functionalization of Electrospun Nanofibrous Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2636. [PMID: 33182617 PMCID: PMC7697875 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrospun polymer nanofibers have received much attention in tissue engineering due to their valuable properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradation ability, appropriate mechanical properties, and, most importantly, fibrous structure, which resembles the morphology of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. However, they are usually hydrophobic and suffer from a lack of bioactive molecules, which provide good cell adhesion to the scaffold surface. Post-electrospinning surface functionalization allows overcoming these limitations through polar groups covalent incorporation to the fibers surface, with subsequent functionalization with biologically active molecules or direct deposition of the biomolecule solution. Hydrophilic surface functionalization methods are classified into chemical approaches, including wet chemical functionalization and covalent grafting, a physiochemical approach with the use of a plasma treatment, and a physical approach that might be divided into physical adsorption and layer-by-layer assembly. This review discusses the state-of-the-art of hydrophilic surface functionalization strategies of electrospun nanofibers for tissue engineering applications. We highlighted the major advantages and drawbacks of each method, at the same time, pointing out future perspectives and solutions in the hydrophilic functionalization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Niemczyk-Soczynska
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Lab. Polymers & Biomaterials, Polish Academy of Sciences Pawinskiego 5b St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (A.G.); (P.S.)
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