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Noro J, Vilaça-Faria H, Reis RL, Pirraco RP. Extracellular matrix-derived materials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: A journey from isolation to characterization and application. Bioact Mater 2024; 34:494-519. [PMID: 38298755 PMCID: PMC10827697 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomaterial choice is an essential step during the development tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) applications. The selected biomaterial must present properties allowing the physiological-like recapitulation of several processes that lead to the reestablishment of homeostatic tissue or organ function. Biomaterials derived from the extracellular matrix (ECM) present many such properties and their use in the field has been steadily increasing. Considering this growing importance, it becomes imperative to provide a comprehensive overview of ECM biomaterials, encompassing their sourcing, processing, and integration into TERM applications. This review compiles the main strategies used to isolate and process ECM-derived biomaterials as well as different techniques used for its characterization, namely biochemical and chemical, physical, morphological, and biological. Lastly, some of their applications in the TERM field are explored and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Noro
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Helena Vilaça-Faria
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rogério P. Pirraco
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
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Kenawy ER, El-Moaty MSA, Ghoneum M, Soliman HMA, El-Shanshory AA, Shendy S. Biobran-loaded core/shell nanofibrous scaffold: a promising wound dressing candidate. RSC Adv 2024; 14:4930-4945. [PMID: 38327812 PMCID: PMC10848241 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08609g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This research examined the effectiveness of Biobran as a bioactive substance that could potentially improve wound healing. It also looked at how Biobran affects the properties of a nanofibrous scaffold made through coaxial electrospinning. This is the first study exploring the use of Biobran in this context and its interaction with nanofibrous scaffolds. The scaffolds were composed of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) in the shell and various concentrations of Biobran blended with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in the core. The properties of the scaffolds were characterized by SEM, TEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA, DSC, stress-strain test, WCA, release test, MTT cytotoxicity assay, wound scratching assay, and the dye exclusion method using trypan blue. The scaffolds loaded with Biobran exhibited a more compact and smooth morphology compared with the scaffold without Biobran. The physical interaction and crystallinity of the polymers in the scaffolds were also affected by Biobran in a concentration-dependent manner. This positively influenced their tensile strength, elongation at break, thermal stability, and hydrophilicity. The porosity, water uptake capacity, and WVTR of the nanofibrous scaffolds are within the optimal ranges for wound healing. The release rate of Biobran, which revealed a biphasic release pattern, decreased with increasing Biobran concentration, resulting in controlled and sustained delivery of Biobran from the nanofiber scaffolds. The cell viability assays showed a dose-dependent effect of Biobran on WISH cells, which might be attributed to the positive effect of Biobran on the physicochemical properties of the nanofibrous scaffolds. These findings suggest that Biobran-loaded core/shell nanofiber scaffolds have a potential application in wound healing as an ideal multifunctional wound dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Refaie Kenawy
- Polymer Research Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University Tanta 31527 Egypt
| | - Mohammed S A El-Moaty
- Polymer Research Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University Tanta 31527 Egypt
| | - Mamdooh Ghoneum
- Department of Surgery, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science 1731 E. 120th Street Los Angeles CA 90059 USA
- Department of Surgery, University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Hesham M A Soliman
- Composites and Nanostructured Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City) New Borg Al-Arab Alexandria 21934 Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Shanshory
- Composites and Nanostructured Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City) New Borg Al-Arab Alexandria 21934 Egypt
| | - S Shendy
- Polymer Research Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University Tanta 31527 Egypt
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Nitti P, Narayanan A, Pellegrino R, Villani S, Madaghiele M, Demitri C. Cell-Tissue Interaction: The Biomimetic Approach to Design Tissue Engineered Biomaterials. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1122. [PMID: 37892852 PMCID: PMC10604880 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10101122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The advancement achieved in Tissue Engineering is based on a careful and in-depth study of cell-tissue interactions. The choice of a specific biomaterial in Tissue Engineering is fundamental, as it represents an interface for adherent cells in the creation of a microenvironment suitable for cell growth and differentiation. The knowledge of the biochemical and biophysical properties of the extracellular matrix is a useful tool for the optimization of polymeric scaffolds. This review aims to analyse the chemical, physical, and biological parameters on which are possible to act in Tissue Engineering for the optimization of polymeric scaffolds and the most recent progress presented in this field, including the novelty in the modification of the scaffolds' bulk and surface from a chemical and physical point of view to improve cell-biomaterial interaction. Moreover, we underline how understanding the impact of scaffolds on cell fate is of paramount importance for the successful advancement of Tissue Engineering. Finally, we conclude by reporting the future perspectives in this field in continuous development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Nitti
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (A.N.); (R.P.); (S.V.); (M.M.); (C.D.)
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Johnston A, Callanan A. Recent Methods for Modifying Mechanical Properties of Tissue-Engineered Scaffolds for Clinical Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8020205. [PMID: 37218791 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The limited regenerative capacity of the human body, in conjunction with a shortage of healthy autologous tissue, has created an urgent need for alternative grafting materials. A potential solution is a tissue-engineered graft, a construct which supports and integrates with host tissue. One of the key challenges in fabricating a tissue-engineered graft is achieving mechanical compatibility with the graft site; a disparity in these properties can shape the behaviour of the surrounding native tissue, contributing to the likelihood of graft failure. The purpose of this review is to examine the means by which researchers have altered the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered constructs via hybrid material usage, multi-layer scaffold designs, and surface modifications. A subset of these studies which has investigated the function of their constructs in vivo is also presented, followed by an examination of various tissue-engineered designs which have been clinically translated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Johnston
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, UK
| | - Anthony Callanan
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, UK
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Cai F, Ren Y, Dai J, Yang J, Shi X. Effects of Various Cell Surface Engineering Reactions on the Biological Behavior of Mammalian Cells. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200379. [PMID: 36579789 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cell surface engineering technologies can regulate cell function and behavior by modifying the cell surface. Previous studies have mainly focused on investigating the effects of cell surface engineering reactions and materials on cell activity. However, they do not comprehensively analyze other cellular processes. This study exploits covalent bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and electrostatic interactions to modify the macromolecules succinimide ester-methoxy polyethylene glycol (NHS-mPEG), distearoyl phosphoethanolamine-methoxy polyethylene glycol (DSPE-mPEG), and poly-L-lysine (PLL), respectively, on the cell surface. This work systematically investigates the effects of the three surface engineering reactions on the behavior of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human skin fibroblasts, including viability, growth, proliferation, cell cycle, adhesion, and migration. The results reveals that the PLL modification method notably affects cell viability and G2/M arrest and has a short modification duration. However, the DSPE-mPEG and NHS-mPEG modification methods have little effect on cell viability and proliferation but have a prolonged modification duration. Moreover, the DSPE-mPEG modification method highly affects cell adherence. Further, the NHS-mPEG modification method can significantly improve the migration ability of HUVECs by reducing the area of focal adhesions. The findings of this study will contribute to the application of cell surface engineering technology in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Cai
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Yafeng Ren
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Jiajia Dai
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Xianai Shi
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, China
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Goreninskii S, Yuriev Y, Runts A, Prosetskaya E, Sviridova E, Plotnikov E, Stankevich K, Bolbasov E. Pulsed Vacuum Arc Deposition of Nitrogen-Doped Diamond-like Coatings for Long-Term Hydrophilicity of Electrospun Poly(ε-caprolactone) Scaffolds. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1080. [PMID: 36363635 PMCID: PMC9695898 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The surface hydrophobicity of poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun scaffolds prevents their interactions with cells and tissue integration. Although plasma treatment of scaffolds enhances their hydrophilicity, this effect is temporary, and the hydrophobicity of the scaffolds is restored in about 30 days. In this communication, we report a method for hydrophilization of poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun scaffolds for more than 6 months. To that end, diamond-like coating was deposited on the surface of the scaffolds in a nitrogen atmosphere using pulsed vacuum arc deposition with sputtering of graphite target. This approach allows for a single-side hydrophilization of the scaffold (water contact angle of 22 ± 3° vs. 126 ± 2° for pristine PCL scaffold) and preserves its structure. With increased nitrogen pressure in the chamber, sp3-hybridized carbon content decreased twice (sp2/sp3 ratio decreased from 1.06 to 0.52), which demonstrates the possibility of tailoring the content of carbon in sp2 and sp3 hybridization state. Nitrogen content in the deposited coatings was found at 16.1 ± 0.9 at.%. In vitro tests with fibroblast cell culture did not reveal any cytotoxic compounds in sample extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semen Goreninskii
- B.P. Veinberg Research and Educational Centre, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Onconanotheranostics Laboratory, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri Yuriev
- B.P. Veinberg Research and Educational Centre, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Microwave Photonics Lab, V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Artem Runts
- B.P. Veinberg Research and Educational Centre, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Elisaveta Prosetskaya
- B.P. Veinberg Research and Educational Centre, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Elizaveta Sviridova
- Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Evgenii Plotnikov
- Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ksenia Stankevich
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Evgeniy Bolbasov
- B.P. Veinberg Research and Educational Centre, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Microwave Photonics Lab, V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
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Immobilization of Gelatin on Fibers for Tissue Engineering Applications: A Comparative Study of Three Aliphatic Polyesters. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194154. [PMID: 36236102 PMCID: PMC9572612 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Immobilization of cell adhesive proteins on the scaffold surface has become a widely reported method that can improve the interaction between scaffold and cells. In this study, three nanofibrous scaffolds obtained by electrospinning of poly(caprolactone) (PCL), poly(L-lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL) 70:30, or poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) were subjected to chemical immobilization of gelatin based on aminolysis and glutaraldehyde cross-linking, as well as physisorption of gelatin. Two sets of aminolysis conditions were applied to evaluate the impact of amine group content. Based on the results of the colorimetric bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay, it was shown that the concentration of gelatin on the surface is higher for the chemical modification and increases with the concentration of free NH2 groups. XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) analysis confirmed this outcome. On the basis of XPS results, the thickness of the gelatin layer was estimated to be less than 10 nm. Initially, hydrophobic scaffolds are completely wettable after coating with gelatin, and the time of waterdrop absorption was correlated with the surface concentration of gelatin. In the case of all physically and mildly chemically modified samples, the decrease in stress and strain at break was relatively low, contrary to strongly aminolyzed PLCL and PLLA samples. Incubation testing performed on the PCL samples showed that a chemically immobilized gelatin layer is more stable than a physisorbed one; however, even after 90 days, more than 60% of the initial gelatin concentration was still present on the surface of physically modified samples. Mouse fibroblast L929 cell culture on modified samples indicates a positive effect of both physical and chemical modification on cell morphology. In the case of PCL and PLCL, the best morphology, characterized by stretched filopodia, was observed after stronger chemical modification, while for PLLA, there was no significant difference between modified samples. Results of metabolic activity indicate the better effect of chemical immobilization than of physisorption of gelatin.
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