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Yang CM, Lin CY, Hsieh YP, Tsai MC, Strong C. The Impact of Contact Experience on the Attitudes and Beliefs Toward Same-Sex Parents and Their Children Among Kindergarten Teachers. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2024; 71:2951-2973. [PMID: 37921709 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2023.2275297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Intergroup contact is important to reduce prejudice toward sexual minorities. Yet little is known regarding how kindergarten teachers' contact experiences with sexual minority affect their attitudes toward sexual minorities and their beliefs regarding same-sex family parents' parenting skills and same-sex family children's adjustment. This cross-sectional study recruited kindergarten teachers (n = 261; mean age = 38.8 years) in Taiwan in 2021-2022. A self-reported online questionnaire was administered which included questions about quantity and quality of contact experiences with lesbians, gay men (LG) and same-sex families, attitudes toward same-sex families, beliefs regarding same-sex parenting skills, and children's adjustment. Hierarchical multiple regression was used for analysis. The results showed that higher quality of contact with LG was associated with lower prejudice toward LG and with a more positive belief regarding same-sex parents' parenting skills and children's adjustment in same-sex families. The contact experience with same-sex families has an association with positive beliefs regarding same-sex family parents and children. After adjustment of quality of contact, quantity of contact did not show association with attitude toward LG or beliefs regarding same-sex family parents and children. The findings suggest that the quality of contact experience with LG is an important factor to reduce the stereotype against same-sex families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia Min Yang
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital Tainan Branch, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Hsieh
- Department of Social Work, College of Nursing and Professional Disciplines, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Meng-Che Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Carol Strong
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Salinas-Quiroz F, Balkcom JH, Hermosa-Bosano C, Olaya-Torres A, Costa PA. Comfort with LGB people and attitudes toward same-sex parenting in Continental American Hispanic Nations. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7705. [PMID: 38565954 PMCID: PMC10987635 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56901-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Negative attitudes toward Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual (LGB) individuals leads to a perceived inability of LGB individuals to foster 'appropriate' family relationships, inciting negative attitudes specifically toward same-sex parenting. Intergroup and interpersonal relationships play a critical role in fostering attitudes toward others wherein type of contact, frequency, degree of closeness in the relationship, and the positivity/negativity of interactions are potential mediator of these relations, Moreover, the mechanism behind co-constructing positive relationships with sexual and gender minorities is comfort with contact with LGB individuals. The present study explored the effects of interpersonal contact and the mediator role of comfort with LGB people in explaining attitudes toward same-sex parenting in Spanish-speaking countries in North, Central, and South America. These countries are of particular interest given the dearth of research in the region on attitudes toward same-sex parenting as well as the varying degrees of acceptance of and protections for same-sex parented families. A non-probabilistic sample of 1955 heterosexual cisgender participants from 14 countries was asked to complete a series of sociodemographic questions, a questionnaire about their interpersonal contact/comfort experiences with LGB people, and the Attitudes Toward Gay and Lesbian Parenting Scale. Results showed that comfort was vital in fostering accepting attitudes toward Same-Sex Parenting across countries. Findings also suggested that comfort with LGB people has a particularly powerful influence in regions with less legal and cultural acceptance of LGB individuals. Policies are not enough to instill widespread change: we must encourage, facilitate, and supervise the formation of relationships with LGB people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Salinas-Quiroz
- Eliot-Pearson Department of Child Study and Human Development, Tufts University, Medford, USA.
| | - Julian H Balkcom
- Eliot-Pearson Department of Child Study and Human Development, Tufts University, Medford, USA
| | | | - Adriana Olaya-Torres
- Faculty of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, University of Ibagué, Ibagué, Colombia
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Mert-Karadas M, Uslu-Sahan F, Yucel-Ozçirpan C. Predictors of health professional students' attitudes toward LGBTI individuals: A cross-sectional study from Turkey. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2023; 44:86-92. [PMID: 37197868 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to examine the relationships between the demographic characteristics, knowledge, and attitude of health professional students toward lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) individuals. METHODS A total of 860 undergraduate health professional students were enrolled in this analytical cross-sectional study. RESULTS The attitudes of health professional students toward LGBTI individuals are moderately positive. Some variables such as gender, faculty/department, mother's working status, having knowledge about LGBTI, having friends who are openly LGBTI, and thoughts about being an LGBTI explained 17.1 % of the variance in attitudes toward LGBTI individuals. CONCLUSION Since negative attitudes may prevent LGBTI individuals from receiving effective health care, courses that increase students' awareness of their own prejudices and knowledge of LGBTI health and communication should be integrated into undergraduate programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Mert-Karadas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Fatma Uslu-Sahan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Yucel-Ozçirpan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Hermosa-Bosano C, Hidalgo-Andrade P, Olaya-Torres AJ, Duque-Romero C, Costa PA, Salinas-Quiroz F. Attitudes Toward Lesbians, Gay Men, and Their Rights in a Sample of Ecuadorian Cisgender Men and Women. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2023; 70:307-328. [PMID: 34283008 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2021.1948771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Since 1997, Ecuador has undergone a series of changes to ensure family rights to sexual minorities. However, there is still limited research regarding attitudes toward them. This study focused on the attitudes toward lesbians (L), gay men (G), and their rights. A sample of 318 cisgender Ecuadorians who responded to an online survey was recruited. Analyses indicated that men, heterosexuals, who practice their religion, attend more frequently to religious services, and identify as conservative showed higher levels of prejudice against LG as well as less support toward their rights. Further, participants who did not have LG acquaintances, friends, family members, and those who did not know any LG parented family showed less support toward these populations. Multiple regression analyses indicated that believing that a person's sexual orientation is learned significantly predicted the attitudes measured in our study. Implications of these findings to help reduce prejudice against LG individuals are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Claudia Duque-Romero
- Faculty of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, University of Ibagué, Ibagué, Colombia
| | | | - Fernando Salinas-Quiroz
- Psychological Studies in Education and Well-being, National Pedagogic University, Mexico City, Mexico
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Salinas-Quiroz F, Rodríguez-Sánchez F, Cambón V, Silva P, Costa PA, Martínez A. Parental secure base support and child secure base use in mexican same-sex families. INTERPERSONA: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS 2022. [DOI: 10.5964/ijpr.6457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to determine whether the well-documented link between heterosexual parents’ secure base support (i.e., sensitivity) and child secure base behavior (i.e., security) was present among Mexican same-sex families with 1-to 6-year-old-children. The sample included 22 child-caregiver dyads from four lesbian and four gay families. Four trained independent observers used the q-sort methodology (Maternal Behavior Q-set/Mother Behavior with Preschoolers Q-set and Attachment Q-set) to describe parents’ and children’s behavior, respectively. A robust regression model by Siegel method for predicting security with sensitivity as regressor was statistically significant for the whole sample with a statistical power of .89, consistent with the existing evidence in studies with different and same-sex families. Both sensitivity and attachment security are fundamentally relational constructs, not caregiver/child’s traits; they are relationship specific, as the results of the regression analysis showed. Despite the sample size, our findings prove attachment theory as a useful theoretical framework to study caregiver-child interactions no matter parents’ sexual orientation neither the family structure.
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Patterson CJ. Parental sexual orientation, parental gender identity, and the development of children. ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR 2022; 63:71-102. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
Sexual prejudice is a negative attitude toward an individual due to their belonging to a group defined by sexual minority behaviors, attractions, or orientations. As no studies assessing sexual prejudice levels among self-identified politicians have been conducted in Portugal, this study was carried out to address this gap in the literature. In addition, we sought to compare differences in levels of sexual prejudice by gender, religiosity, and political orientation. The sample consisted of 302 self-identified active politicians in Portugal, of whom 157 were men (52%) and 145 were women (48%), with an average age of 45.98 years. Study measurement instruments included a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Sexual Prejudice Scale in the Portuguese Political Context. Participants responded to this study’s outreach online, and they received emails that referred them directly to the online survey. The principal results show that, despite moderate overall levels of sexual prejudice among the sample, men and participants with right-wing general, social, and fiscal political views demonstrated significantly higher sexual prejudice scores. Negative levels of political engagement and negative attitudes toward lesbians and gay men were significant predictors of sexual prejudice. It is very important to raise awareness of this phenomenon among both politicians and the general public, so that it can be addressed accordingly.
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Tušl M, Gato J, Tasker F, Figueroa V. Czech psychology students‘ attitudes towards same-sex parenting. PSYCHOLOGY & SEXUALITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19419899.2019.1674365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Tušl
- Department of Psychology, Charles University in Prague, Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Jorge Gato
- Centre for Psychology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fiona Tasker
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| | - Victor Figueroa
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Artes, Ciencias y Comunicación, Santiago, Chile
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Shenkman G, Bos H, Kogan S. Attachment avoidance and parenthood desires in gay men and lesbians and their heterosexual counterparts. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2019; 37:344-357. [DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2019.1578872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Geva Shenkman
- School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), Herzliya, Israel
| | - Henny Bos
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education (CDE), Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Shir Kogan
- School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), Herzliya, Israel
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Salinas-Quiroz F, Rodríguez-Sánchez F, Costa PA, Rosales M, Silva P, Cambón V. Can Children Have Ordinary Expectable Caregiving Environments in Unconventional Contexts? Quality of Care Organization in Three Mexican Same-Sex Planned Families. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2349. [PMID: 30555377 PMCID: PMC6284047 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to explore the elements that configure the quality of care among three Mexican same-sex planned families: two female-parented families (through donor insemination) and a male-parented one (through adoption). The first family consisted of two mothers and a 3-year-old daughter; the second one had two mothers and a 1.5-year-old set of boy twins and the third family consisted of two fathers and a 2-year-old girl. It was assumed that Ainsworth’s notions of quality of care organization are useful in order to understand caregiver–child attachment relationships, regardless of the parents’ sexual orientation. A collective case study was selected due to the fact that these families shared their “unconventionality” (i.e., parents were not heterosexual) and the fact that they were planned, but each one constituted a particular case with a unique configuration. Four trained independent observers used the q-sort methodology (Maternal Behavior Q-Sort and Attachment Q-Sort) to describe parents’ and children’s behavior, respectively. The findings showed that parents were highly sensitive and all children used them as a secure base. To provide an in-depth examination of which elements configure the quality of care, a semi-structured interview with each parent was carried out. Through a thematic analysis, an over-arching theme named Affections and Emotions was identified, together with six subthemes: (1) Creating an affective environment; (2) Being available; (3) Acknowledging and expressing emotions; (4) Perceiving, interpreting and responding adequately to the child’s real self; (5) Taking the child’s perspective into account; and (6) Agreeing on roles and dividing the tasks. In order to showcase the particular configuration of gay parenting, the male-headed family narrative is reported in detail, because gay parents have been perceived as violating traditional gender roles as well as the hegemonic model of masculinity. The findings were consistent with the notion of quality of care as proposed by Ainsworth and her collaborators. The implications of the methodological device and research regarding same-sex planned families are discussed so as to understand the organization of the caregiving environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pedro A Costa
- William James Center for Research, Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Paola Silva
- Institute of Psychology, Education and Human Development, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Verónica Cambón
- Institute of Psychology, Education and Human Development, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
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