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Personality and erectile dysfunction in heterosexual romantic relationships: results from men’s self-reports and women’s partner-reports. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04091-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Belau MH, Wiessner C, Becher H, von Rüden U, Briken P. Frequent Cannabis Use Moderates the Relationship Between Sexual Dysfunction and Depression Among Female German Adults. J Sex Med 2022; 19:940-949. [PMID: 35431149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual dysfunction and heavy substance use (alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis) play an important role in the development of depression, while frequent substance use affects sexual dysfunction. AIM This study aimed to investigate the association between sexual dysfunction and depression among German adults in a nationally representative sample and the effect of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use on this association using moderator analysis. METHODS Data come from the German Health and Sexuality Survey (GeSiD) with N = 4,955 men and women aged between 18 and 75 years. We used multiple logistic regression analysis to examine the moderation effect of substance use between sexual dysfunction and depression by including an interaction term. OUTCOMES Self-reported diagnosed and treated depression within the last 12 months and the moderation effect of substance use on the association between sexual dysfunction and depression. RESULTS Men and women with at least 1 sexual dysfunction were more likely to be affected by depression as compared to those without sexual dysfunction. A moderation effect of frequent cannabis use was found between sexual dysfunction and depression among women. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Clinicians and therapists addressing addiction, depression, and dysfunction should keep the complex interactions in mind. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS This study provides new data on the association between sexual dysfunction and depression among German adults in a nationally representative sample and the moderation effect of substance use on this association. Further studies should disentangle the pathways between sexual dysfunction, cannabis use, and depression through moderated mediation analyses. CONCLUSION Frequent cannabis use plays a moderating role in the association between sexual dysfunction and depression among German adult women. Belau MH, Wiessner C, Becher H, et al. Frequent Cannabis use Moderates the Relationship between Sexual Dysfunction and Depression Among Female German Adults. J Sex Med 2022;19:940-949.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hans Belau
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Christian Wiessner
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Hamburg, Germany; University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Heiko Becher
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ursula von Rüden
- Federal Centre for Health Education, Evaluation, Methods, Research Data, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peer Briken
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, Hamburg, Germany
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Tip of the iceberg: erectile dysfunction and COVID-19. Int J Impot Res 2022; 34:152-157. [PMID: 35152276 PMCID: PMC8853253 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-022-00540-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 caused the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that resulted in more than 150 million infections and 3.5 million deaths globally. COVID-19 affected men more than women, emerging with more severe disease and higher mortality rates. Androgens may be responsible for the underlying reason of more severe disease, as androgen receptors have been implicated to mediate viral cell entry and infection. Besides, male reproductive organs have been reported to be affected by the especially severe disease, resulting in erectile dysfunction (ED). In this narrative review, we aimed to gather possible mechanisms of the development of ED led by COVID-19. Current evidence illuminates endothelial dysfunction, direct testicular damage, and the psychological burden of COVID-19 that are of the pathways of ED. Although the proposed underlying mechanisms partly fail to answer the questions by which COVID-19 leads to ED, it is important to monitor men who recovered from COVID-19 regarding the sexual dysfunction sequelae of infection and address the long‐term consequences.
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Nobre P, Rosa PJ, Vasconcelos P, Tavares I, Carvalho J, Quinta-Gomes A, Moura C, Carrito M. Sexual Health and the Pandemic Crisis: Testing the Role of Psychological Vulnerability/Protective Factors on Sexual Functioning and Sexual Distress During a Critical Life Period in Portugal. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2022; 51:169-181. [PMID: 35028806 PMCID: PMC8757627 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-02209-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings suggest that the current COVID-19 pandemic has a potential negative impact in several areas of life, including sexual health. However, less is known about the psychological dimensions that may work as vulnerability/protective factors for the development of sexual problems in the current pandemic. The current study used a longitudinal design to examine the role played by personality trait factors (neuroticism, extraversion) as well as psychosexual factors (sexual beliefs) in predicting sexual functioning and sexual distress across time during the current pandemic crisis. A total of 528 individuals (337 women) completed a web survey assessing sexual health indicators and psychological factors. The first wave was conducted during the confinement period in Portugal (N = 528) between May and June 2020 and the second four months later (N = 146), when strict confinement rules were over. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to examine the ability of psychological factors to predict sexual functioning and distress across time, while controlling for age and gender. Results indicated that sexual distress at time point 2 was lower than during confinement, and men had lower levels of sexual functioning post-confinement while no significant difference was observed for women. Moreover, higher levels of neuroticism and age-related beliefs significantly predicted lower sexual functioning as well as higher sexual distress, whereas lower levels of extraversion predicted lower sexual functioning after controlling for age and gender effects. Findings support the role of psychological vulnerability factors to predict sexual problems across time and may have important implications in the prevention and treatment of sexual dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Nobre
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Center for Psychology at University of Porto, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Pedro J Rosa
- Lusófona University, Digital Human-Environment Interaction Lab, Lisbon, Portugal
- ISMAT, Transdisciplinary Research Center (ISHIP), Portimão, Portugal
| | - Priscila Vasconcelos
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Center for Psychology at University of Porto, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Tavares
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Center for Psychology at University of Porto, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Carvalho
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Center for Psychology at University of Porto, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Quinta-Gomes
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Center for Psychology at University of Porto, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Moura
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Center for Psychology at University of Porto, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Carrito
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Center for Psychology at University of Porto, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
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The moderator role of neuroticism in the relationship between sexual thoughts and affective response during sexual activity, and sexual functioning: A study with heterosexual and lesbian women. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01703-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Dos Reis MDMF, Barros EAC, Pollone M, Molina MBG, Westin CPDV, Glina S. Preoperative Psychological Evaluation for Patients Referred for Penile Prosthesis Implantation. Sex Med 2021; 9:100311. [PMID: 33714883 PMCID: PMC8072176 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2020.100311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients may remain dissatisfied after penile prosthesis implantation for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Studies showing the results of standardized protocols for preoperative psychological evaluation are lacking. PURPOSE To estimate the rate of patients considered psychologically unfit for penile prosthesis implantation and to compare their characteristics with those considered fit after the implementation of a standardized psychological profile evaluation protocol for men with erectile dysfunction. METHODS Cross-sectional evaluation of men referred for penile prosthesis implantation by their urologists, based on organic causes for the erectile dysfunction, including a semi-structured (sexual and relational anamnesis of the patient and their partner, information about expectations about the results of the penile prosthesis implantation and possible complications) and a structured instrument including validated tools for the evaluation of depression and/or anxiety symptoms. These were the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey for quality of life, and the Five-Factor Model (FFM) for behavioral tendencies. After at least 3 interviews, the psychology team rated the patients as fit or unfit for surgery. Unfit patients were those with any of a set of warning signals indicating risk for dissatisfaction even after penile implantation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The prevalence of patients considered "unfit for surgery." RESULTS The quality of life scores were good, but 27.6% of patients (95% confidence interval, CI: 16.7-40.9%) were unfit for surgery. Being unfit was associated with obesity (P = .027), anxiety and/or depression symptoms (P < .001) and high levels of neuroticism (P = .001). CONCLUSION The preoperative evaluation protocol combining standardized and validated tools shows that more than one-quarter of patients with a medical indication for penile prosthesis implantation were not in good psychological conditions for the surgery. The development of psychological evaluation protocols can help identify patients in need of adequate care before penile implantation. M de Mello Ferreira dos Reis, EA Corrêa Barros, M Pollone, et al. Preoperative Psychological Evaluation for Patients Referred for Penile Prosthesis Implantation. Sex Med 2021;9:100311.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margareth de Mello Ferreira Dos Reis
- Psychologist, Coordinator of the Psychological Care, Sexual Medicine Outpatient Clinic, Urology Department, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André (SP), Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Augusto Corrêa Barros
- Urologist, Director of the Sexual Medicine Outpatient Clinic, Urology Department, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André (SP), Brazil
| | - Marilisa Pollone
- Psychologist, Sexual Medicine Outpatient Clinic, Urology Department, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André (SP), Brazil
| | - Maria Beatriz Gracia Molina
- Psychologist, Sexual Medicine Outpatient Clinic, Urology Department, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André (SP), Brazil
| | | | - Sidney Glina
- Urologist, Chief professor, Urology Department, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André (SP), Brazil
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Allen MS, Robson DA. Personality and Sexual Orientation: New Data and Meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2020; 57:953-965. [PMID: 32510233 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2020.1768204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This research explored associations between personality and sexual orientation. In Study 1, we explored whether the Big Five trait dimensions relate to sexual orientation in a nationally representative sample of Australian adults (n = 13,351). Personality differences were observed between those who identified as heterosexual (straight), bisexual, and homosexual (gay/lesbian) on all five measured traits. In Study 2, we conducted an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of personality and sexual orientation. A total of 21 studies (35 independent samples, 262 effect sizes) comprising 377,951 men and women were identified that satisfied inclusion criteria. Results showed that bisexual individuals reported higher levels of openness than homosexual individuals, who in turn, reported higher levels of openness than heterosexual individuals. Bisexual individuals also report lower levels of conscientiousness than both heterosexual and homosexual individuals. Sex moderation effects showed that homosexual men scored higher than heterosexual men on neuroticism, agreeableness and conscientiousness, whereas homosexual women scored lower than heterosexual women on extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. There was also evidence that personality differences between sexual orientation categories tend to decline with age. These findings align with the gender-shift hypothesis and should be of interest to theorists working in personality science and sexual identity development.
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Peixoto MM, Nobre PJ. Cognitive-Emotional Predictors of Sexual Functioning in Lesbians, Gays, and Heterosexuals. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2020; 49:1823-1838. [PMID: 32462413 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-020-01732-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive-emotional dimensions play a core role in predisposing and maintaining sexual difficulties. This study aimed to assess the role of personality traits, sexual beliefs, cognitive schemas, automatic thoughts and affective states in predicting sexual functioning in a Portuguese sample. A total of 226 lesbian women, 254 heterosexual women, 243 gay men, and 274 heterosexual men completed a web-survey. For each sample, hierarchical regression analyses were conducted, separately. Results indicated that positive affective states and fewer thoughts associated with failure and disengagement during sexual activity act as significant predictors for sexual functioning, in both lesbian and heterosexual women's groups. Specific predictors of better sexual functioning in lesbian women were lower activation of schemas of undesirability and incompetence, and fewer thoughts associated with sexual abuse, body-image and sexual passivity were, whereas particular predictors of better sexual functioning for heterosexual women were erotic thoughts, lower activation of schemas of undesirability and difference/loneliness, and beliefs related to sexual desire as a sin. For men's groups, the best predictor of sexual functioning was the presence of erotic thoughts. Particularly for gay men's group, fewer failure anticipation thoughts were also a predictor of better sexual functioning. Overall, this study supports the core and predictive role of cognitive-emotional dimensions in sexual functioning for lesbian and heterosexual women, as for gay and heterosexual men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Manuela Peixoto
- Psychology for Positive Development Research Center, Lusíada University, Rua Dr. Lopo de Carvalho, 4369-006, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Pedro J Nobre
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Science, Center for Psychology at University of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Personality stability and change between age 12 and 14 predicts relationships, sexual activity and same-sex sexual attraction at age 14. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Grauvogl A, Pelzer B, Radder V, van Lankveld J. Associations Between Personality Disorder Characteristics, Psychological Symptoms, and Sexual Functioning in Young Women. J Sex Med 2017; 15:192-200. [PMID: 29276043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2017.11.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, the etiology of sexual dysfunctions in women has been approached from different angles. In clinical practice and in previous studies, it has been observed that women with sexual problems experience anxiety problems and express more rigid and perfectionistic personality traits than women without these problems. AIM To investigate whether personality disorder characteristics according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) and psychological symptoms are associated with sexual problems in women. METHODS 188 women 18 to 25 years old participated in this cross-sectional study. Questionnaires measuring sexual functioning (Female Sexual Function Index), personality disorder characteristics (Assessment of DSM-IV-TR Personality Disorders Questionnaire), and psychological symptoms (Brief Symptom Inventory and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale) were used. OUTCOME The main outcome measure used was sexual functioning assessed by self-report. RESULTS Results, using analysis of variance, indicated that women with sexual problems report significantly more cluster A (specifically schizoid) and C (specifically avoidant and obsessive-compulsive) personality disorder characteristics than women without sexual problems. Furthermore, using multiple regression analyses, higher cluster A (specifically schizoid) and lower cluster B (specifically borderline and antisocial) personality disorder characteristics indicated lower levels of sexual functioning. Psychological symptoms partly mediated the effect of cluster A personality disorder characteristics on sexual functioning. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The results of this study indicate that clinical practice should extend its scope by focusing more on improving adaptive personality characteristics, such as extraversion and individualism seen in cluster B personality characteristics, and decreasing the perfectionistic, introvert, and self-doubting characteristics seen in cluster C personality characteristics. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS Because of the correlational design and use of self-report measures, causal relations cannot be established between personality disorder characteristics and sexual functioning. CONCLUSION Overall, the results indicate that personality disorder characteristics can play an important associative role in the development and maintenance of sexual functioning problems in women. Grauvogl A, Pelzer B, Radder V, van Lankveld J. Associations Between Personality Disorder Characteristics, Psychological Symptoms, and Sexual Functioning in Young Women. J Sex Med 2018;15:192-200.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Grauvogl
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, the Netherlands.
| | - Britt Pelzer
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Veerle Radder
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jacques van Lankveld
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, the Netherlands
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Peixoto MM, Nobre P. The Activation of Incompetence Schemas in Response to Negative Sexual Events in Heterosexual and Lesbian Women: The Moderator Role of Personality Traits and Dysfunctional Sexual Beliefs. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2017; 54:1188-1196. [PMID: 28059574 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2016.1267103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Personality traits and dysfunctional sexual beliefs have been described as vulnerability factors for sexual dysfunction in women, and have also been proposed as dispositional variables for the activation of incompetence schemas in response to negative sexual events. However, no study has tested the role of personality traits and dysfunctional sexual beliefs in the activation of incompetence schemas. The current study aimed to assess the moderator role of neuroticism, extraversion, and dysfunctional sexual beliefs in the association between frequency of unsuccessful sexual episodes and activation of incompetence schemas in heterosexual and lesbian women. An online survey was completed by 1,121 women (831 heterosexual; 290 lesbian). Participants completed the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), the Sexual Dysfunctional Beliefs Questionnaire-Female Version (SDBQ), and the Questionnaire of Cognitive Schemas Activated in Sexual Context (QCSASC). Findings indicate that neuroticism moderates the association between frequency of negative sexual events and activation of incompetence schemas in heterosexual women. Moreover, several sexual beliefs also act as moderators of the relationship between negative sexual episodes and the activation of cognitive schemas in both heterosexual and lesbian women. Overall, findings support the cognitive-emotional model of sexual dysfunctions, emphasizing the role of personality traits and dysfunctional sexual beliefs as facilitators of the activation of incompetence schemas in response to negative events in women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Nobre
- b Faculty of Psychology and Education Science , University of Porto
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored cross-time associations between personality and multiple components of sexual functioning and behaviour in a large cohort of older adults (n = 5745). DESIGN Participants (Mage = 65.57 ± 8.28 years) completed questionnaires in 2010 and 2012. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Outcomes explored included sexual attitudes, sexual activity, sexual satisfaction, lifetime sexual partners, sexual orientation and sexual dysfunction. RESULTS We found that higher levels of openness and lower levels of agreeableness were related to more liberal attitudes toward sex, a greater number of sexual partners, a higher sex drive, more frequent sexual activity, lower levels of sexual dysfunction and (for women) a greater tendency towards homosexuality. Higher levels of conscientiousness were also related to more conservative attitudes towards sex, lower levels of sexual dysfunction and a greater tendency towards heterosexuality. For sexually active older adults, higher levels of extraversion and lower levels of neuroticism were related to greater sexual satisfaction. Higher levels of extraversion and lower levels of conscientiousness were also related to a greater number of sexual partners in men but not women. CONCLUSION These findings provide evidence that personality is an important correlate of sexual functioning and behaviour in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Allen
- a School of Psychology , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , Australia
| | - Annelil E Desille
- a School of Psychology , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , Australia
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