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First Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Compounds Formed by Ge-V-O Clusters and Transition Metal Complexes of Aromatic Organic Ligands. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144424. [PMID: 35889296 PMCID: PMC9323094 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Three compounds based on Ge-V-O clusters were hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by IR, UV-Vis, XRD, ESR, elemental analysis and X-ray crystal structural analysis. Both [Cd(phen)(en)]2[Cd2(phen)2V12O40Ge8(OH)8(H2O)]∙12.5H2O (1) and [Cd(DETA)]2[Cd(DETA)2]0.5[Cd2(phen)2V12O41Ge8(OH)7(0.5H2O)]∙7.5H2O (2) (1,10-phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, en = ethylenediamine, DETA = diethylenetriamine) are the first Ge-V-O cluster compounds containing aromatic organic ligands. Compound 1 is the first dimer of Ge-V-O clusters, which is linked by a double bridge of two [Cd(phen)(en)]2+. Compound 2 exhibits an unprecedented 1-D chain structure formed by Ge-V-O clusters and [Cd2(DETA)2]4+ transition metal complexes (TMCs). [Cd(en)3]{[Cd(η2-en)2]3[Cd(η2-en)(η2-μ2-en)(η2-en)Cd][Ge6V15O48(H2O)]}∙5.5H2O (3) is a novel 3-D structure which is constructed from [Ge6V15O48(H2O)]12− and four different types of TMCs. We also synthesized [Zn2(enMe)3][Zn(enMe)]2[Zn(enMe)2(H2O)]2[Ge6V15O48(H2O)]∙3H2O (4) and [Cd(en)2]2{H8[Cd(en)]2Ge8V12O48(H2O)}∙6H2O (5) (enMe = 1,2-propanediamine), which have been reported previously. In addition, the catalytic properties of these five compounds for styrene epoxidation have been assessed.
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Shi Y, Zhou T, Di JQ, Wang W, Ma L, Zhang H, Gao Y. Three Si-substituted polyoxovanadates as efficient catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation and selective oxidation of styrene to benzaldehyde. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:3304-3313. [PMID: 35133359 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03862a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Three new Si-substituted polyoxovanadates (POVs), [Cd2(dien)2][Cd(dien)][Cd(Hdien)2][V15Si6O46(OH)2(H2O)]·7H2O (1), [Co(enMe)2]3[Co2(enMe)2(H2O)2][V16Si4O44(OH)2(H2O)]·6H2O (2), and [Co(teta)]4[V16Si4O42(OH)4(H2O)]·10H2O (3) (dien = diethylenetriamine; enMe = 1,2-diaminopropane; teta = triethylenetetramine) were synthesized by the hydrothermal method and characterized. Structural analysis sheds light on the fact that the {V15Si6O48}/{V16Si4O46} clusters of compounds 1-3 were formed by replacing {VO5} square pyramids in the classical {V18O42} cluster with {Si2O7} units. Compound 1 is a 2D bilayer structure formed by the [V15Si6O46(OH)2(H2O)]10- cluster and two types of bridging Cd complexes containing binuclear groups [Cd2(dien)2]4+. Compound 2 is a 3D framework constructed from the [V16Si4O44(OH)2(H2O)]10- cluster and two types of Co complex fragments including binuclear [Co2(enMe)2(H2O)2]4+. In compound 3, the [V16Si4O42(OH)4(H2O)]8- cluster is connected with bridging [Co(teta)]2+ to expand into a 2D network. Compounds 1 and 3 represent the first 2D assemblies based on a vanadosilicate cluster. 1-3 served as heterogeneous catalysts and exhibited highly efficient catalytic activities for the Knoevenagel condensation under mild ambient conditions with low catalyst loading, featuring the open Lewis base {V15Si6O48}/{V16Si4O46} sites and Lewis acid Cd2+/Co2+ sites. The conversion of benzaldehyde was up to 99.3% in 80 min at room temperature using 1 as a heterogeneous catalyst with only 0.37% catalyst loading. Moreover, compounds 1-3 as catalysts for selective oxidation of styrene to benzaldehyde exhibited excellent catalytic performance, high selectivity and could be readily recycled. Most strikingly, compound 1 showed excellent catalytic performance with 97.6% conversion of styrene and 100% selectivity of benzaldehyde in 15 min. In addition, the catalytic activity of catalyst 1 was well maintained after five cycling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, National Experimental Chemistry Teaching Center, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P. R. China.
| | - Tong Zhou
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, National Experimental Chemistry Teaching Center, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P. R. China.
| | - Jia-Qi Di
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, National Experimental Chemistry Teaching Center, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P. R. China.
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, National Experimental Chemistry Teaching Center, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P. R. China.
| | - Li Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, National Experimental Chemistry Teaching Center, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P. R. China.
| | - Heng Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, National Experimental Chemistry Teaching Center, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P. R. China.
| | - Yuanzhe Gao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, National Experimental Chemistry Teaching Center, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P. R. China.
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Zhou T, Zhang J, Ma YY, Gao X, Xue Q, Gao Y, Han ZG. A Bicadmium-Substituted Polyoxometalate Network Based on a Vanadosilicate Cluster for the Selective Oxidation of Styrene to Benzaldehyde. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:5803-5807. [PMID: 32320229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A new bicadmium-substituted vanadosilicate, [Cd(en)2]2[(en)2Cd2Si8V12O40(OH)8(H2O)0.5]·5H2O (1; en = ethylenediamine), had been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized. Structural analysis revealed that the kind of new [(en)2Cd2Si8V12O40(OH)8(H2O)0.5]4- polyoxoanionic cluster was derived from the classical {V18O42} cluster by replacing six {VO5} square pyramids with four {Si2O7} and two [Cd(en)]2+ groups. Notably, such mixed substitution of both main-group and transition metals in polyoxovanadates is much less developed. Furthermore, compound 1 displays efficient catalytic activity toward the selective oxidation of styrene to benzaldehyde with a conversion of 97% and a selectivity of 87% in 8 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhou
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoru Gao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, P. R. China
| | - Qihui Xue
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, P. R. China
| | - Yuanzhe Gao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Gang Han
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, P. R. China
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Wendt M, Näther C, van Leusen J, Kögerler P, Bensch W. In-situ Complex and Sb-N Bond Formation in an Antimonato Polyoxovanadate Reaction System. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201800187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wendt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Kiel; Max-Eyth-Str.2 24119 Kiel Germany
| | - Christian Näther
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Kiel; Max-Eyth-Str.2 24119 Kiel Germany
| | - Jan van Leusen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Paul Kögerler
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Wolfgang Bensch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Kiel; Max-Eyth-Str.2 24119 Kiel Germany
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Wendt M, Rasmussen M, Näther C, Bensch W. Expansion of Germanato-Polyoxovanadate Cluster Cores: Solvothermal Syntheses and Selected Properties of (trenH2)2[{M(tren)}4V15Ge6O48(H2O)] (M= Co and Zn). Z Anorg Allg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201600379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wendt
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Maren Rasmussen
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Christian Näther
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Wolfgang Bensch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; 24118 Kiel Germany
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Wendt M, Warzok U, Näther C, van Leusen J, Kögerler P, Schalley CA, Bensch W. Catalysis of "outer-phase" oxygen atom exchange reactions by encapsulated "inner-phase" water in {V 15Sb 6}-type polyoxovanadates. Chem Sci 2016; 7:2684-2694. [PMID: 28660041 PMCID: PMC5477048 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04571a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A water molecule encapsulated inside water-soluble {V15Sb6} antimonato polyoxovanadate cages accelerates oxygen-exchange reactions in the cluster periphery.
Antimonato polyoxovanadate (POV) cluster compounds {M(en)3}3[V15Sb6O42(H2O)x]·nH2O (M = FeII, CoII, NiII and x = 0 or 1) obtained under solvothermal conditions exhibit unusual high water solubility making these compounds promising synthons for generation of new POV structure types. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry provides evidence (i) for a water molecule encapsulated inside the cavity of a fraction of the spherical cluster shells, (ii) for a post-functionalization in water, namely a slow exchange of VO against Sb2O, (iii) for the inner-phase reactivity of the encapsulated water that is capable of opening an oxo-bridge, and (iv) for a significant acceleration of the 16O/18O exchange reactions of oxygen atoms in the cluster periphery with surrounding H218O, when encapsulated water is present. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example in polyoxovanadate chemistry for the transduction of inner-phase reactivity of an encapsulated guest molecule into changes in the outer-phase reactivity of the cluster. Magnetic susceptibility measurements reflect the individual contributions of the frustrated {V15} spin polytope and the {M(en)3}2+ complexes, with very weak coupling between these groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wendt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Max-Eyth-Str. 2 , 24118 Kiel , Germany .
| | - Ulrike Warzok
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität , Takustr. 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany .
| | - Christian Näther
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Max-Eyth-Str. 2 , 24118 Kiel , Germany .
| | - Jan van Leusen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , RWTH Aachen , Landoltweg 1 , 52074 Aachen , Germany
| | - Paul Kögerler
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , RWTH Aachen , Landoltweg 1 , 52074 Aachen , Germany
| | - Christoph A Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität , Takustr. 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany .
| | - Wolfgang Bensch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Max-Eyth-Str. 2 , 24118 Kiel , Germany .
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Abstract
Polyoxovanadates (POVs), known for their wide applicability and relevance in chemical, physical and biological sciences, are a subclass of polyoxometalates and usually self-assemble in aqueous-phase, pH-controlled condensation reactions. Archetypical POVs such as the robust [VO42](12-) polyoxoanion can be structurally, electronically and magnetically altered by heavier group 14 and 15 elements to afford Si-, Ge-, As- or Sb-decorated POV structures (heteroPOVs). These main-group semimetals introduce specific chemically engineered functionalities which cause the generally hydrophilic heteroPOV compounds to exhibit interesting reactivity towards organic molecules, late transition metal and lanthanoid ions. The fully-oxidised (V(V)), mixed-valent (V(V)/V(IV) and V(IV)/V(III)), "fully-reduced" (V(IV)) and "highly-reduced" (V(III)) heteroPOVs possess a number of intriguing properties, ranging from catalytic to molecular magnet characteristics. Herein, we review key developments in the synthetic and structural chemistry as well as the reactivity of POVs functionalised with Si-, Ge-, As- or Sb-based heterogroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Yu Monakhov
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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Organic-functionalized, substituted polyoxovanadium and vanadoniobates: Synthesis, structure and application. Polyhedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2014.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Solvothermal synthesis and crystal structure of a heterometal-bridged {V 15 Sb 6 } dimer: [Ni 2 (tren) 3 (V 15 Sb 6 O 42 (H 2 O) 0.5 )] 2 [Ni(trenH) 2 ]·H 2 O. Inorganica Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2014.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Wang J, Näther C, Speldrich M, Kögerler P, Bensch W. Chain and layer networks of germanato-polyoxovanadates. CrystEngComm 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce41512k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Antonova E, Näther C, Kögerler P, Bensch W. A C2-symmetric antimonato polyoxovanadate cluster [V16Sb4O42(H2O)]8− derived from the {V18O42} archetype. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:6957-62. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30319a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gao Y, Xu Y, Huang K, Han Z, Hu C. Two three-dimensional {V16Ge4}-based open frameworks stabilized by diverse types of CoII-amine bridges and magnetic properties. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:6122-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30199g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gao Y, Xu Y, Cao Y, Hu C. Introducing organosilicone source into the synthetic system of polyoxovanadates: two novel {V15Si6O48}-based extended chains. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:567-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt11417d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wang C, Zhou G, Zhang Z, Zhu D, Xu Y. Hydrothermal synthesis, characterization, and luminescence of two new arsenic–vanadium compounds with a γ-[As8V14O42(H2O)]4− anion. J COORD CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2011.565056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Congling Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology , Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Guangpeng Zhou
- b Department of Applied Chemistry , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- a State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology , Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Dunru Zhu
- a State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology , Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yan Xu
- a State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology , Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
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