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Shekhovtsov NA, Nikolaenkova EB, Ryadun AA, Samsonenko DG, Tikhonov AY, Bushuev MB. ESIPT-Capable 4-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-(Pyridin-2-yl)-1 H-Imidazoles with Single and Double Proton Transfer: Synthesis, Selective Reduction of the Imidazolic OH Group and Luminescence. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041793. [PMID: 36838780 PMCID: PMC9962989 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
1H-Imidazole derivatives establish one of the iconic classes of ESIPT-capable compounds (ESIPT = excited state intramolecular proton transfer). This work presents the synthesis of 1-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-methyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazole (LOH,OH) as the first example of ESIPT-capable imidazole derivatives wherein the imidazole moiety simultaneously acts as a proton acceptor and a proton donor. The reaction of LOH,OH with chloroacetone leads to the selective reduction of the imidazolic OH group (whereas the phenolic OH group remains unaffected) and to the isolation of 4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-methyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazole (LH,OH), a monohydroxy congener of LOH,OH. Both LOH,OH and LH,OH demonstrate luminescence in the solid state. The number of OH···N proton transfer sites in these compounds (one for LH,OH and two for LOH,OH) strongly affects the luminescence mechanism and color of the emission: LH,OH emits in the light green region, whereas LOH,OH luminesces in the orange region. According to joint experimental and theoretical studies, the main emission pathway of both compounds is associated with T1 → S0 phosphorescence and not related to ESIPT. At the same time, LOH,OH also exhibits S1 → S0 fluorescence associated with ESIPT with one proton transferred from the hydroxyimidazole moiety to the pyridine moiety, which is not possible for LH,OH due to the absence of the hydroxy group in the imidazole moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita A. Shekhovtsov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Correspondence: (N.A.S.); (A.Y.T.); (M.B.B.)
| | - Elena B. Nikolaenkova
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Ryadun
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Denis G. Samsonenko
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Alexsei Ya. Tikhonov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Correspondence: (N.A.S.); (A.Y.T.); (M.B.B.)
| | - Mark B. Bushuev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Correspondence: (N.A.S.); (A.Y.T.); (M.B.B.)
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Shekhovtsov NA, Nikolaenkova EB, Berezin AS, Plyusnin VF, Vinogradova KA, Naumov DY, Pervukhina NV, Tikhonov AY, Bushuev MB. Tuning ESIPT-coupled luminescence by expanding π-conjugation of a proton acceptor moiety in ESIPT-capable zinc(II) complexes with 1-hydroxy-1 H-imidazole-based ligands. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:15166-15188. [PMID: 36129344 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02460h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The emission of ESIPT-fluorophores is known to be sensitive to various external and internal stimuli and can be fine-tuned through substitution in the proton-donating and proton-accepting groups. The incorporation of metal ions in the molecules of ESIPT fluorophores without their deprotonation is an emerging area of research in coordination chemistry which provides chemists with a new factor affecting the ESIPT reaction and ESIPT-coupled luminescence. In this paper we present 1-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-(pyridin-2-yl)-2-(quinolin-2-yl)-1H-imidazole (HLq) as a new ESIPT-capable ligand. Due to the spatial separation of metal binding and ESIPT sites this ligand can coordinate metal ions without being deprotonated. The reactions of ZnHal2 with HLq afford ESIPT-capable [Zn(HLq)Hal2] (Hal = Cl, Br, I) complexes. In the solid state HLq and [Zn(HLq)Hal2] luminesce in the orange region (λmax = 600-650 nm). The coordination of HLq by Zn2+ ions leads to the increase in the photoluminescence quantum yield due to the chelation-enhanced fluorescence effect. The ESIPT process is barrierless in the S1 state, leading to the only possible fluorescence channel in the tautomeric form (T), S1T → S0T. The emission of [Zn(HLq)Hal2] in the solid state is blue-shifted as compared with HLq due to the stabilization of the ground state and destabilization of the excited state. In CH2Cl2 solutions, the compounds demonstrate dual emission in the UV (λmax = 358 nm) and green (λmax = 530 nm) regions. This dual emission is associated with two radiative deactivation channels in the normal (N) and tautomeric (T) forms, S1N → S0N and S1T → S0T, originating from two minima on the excited state potential energy surfaces. High energy barriers for the GSIPT process allow the trapping of molecules in the minimum of the tautomeric form, S0T, resulting in the possibility of the S0T → S1T photoexcitation and extraordinarily small Stokes shifts in the solid state. Finally, the π-system of quinolin-2-yl group facilitates the delocalization of the positive charge in the proton-accepting part of the molecule and promotes the ESIPT reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita A Shekhovtsov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Elena B Nikolaenkova
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Alexey S Berezin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Victor F Plyusnin
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Institutskaya str., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Katerina A Vinogradova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Dmitry Yu Naumov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Natalia V Pervukhina
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Alexsei Ya Tikhonov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Mark B Bushuev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
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Shekhovtsov NA, Bushuev MB. Enol or keto? Interplay between solvents and substituents as a factor controlling ESIPT. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Anomalous emission of an ESIPT-capable zinc(II) complex: an interplay of TADF, TICT and anti-Kasha behaviour. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Shekhovtsov NA, Vinogradova KA, Vorobyova SN, Berezin AS, Plyusnin VF, Naumov DY, Pervukhina NV, Nikolaenkova EB, Tikhonov AY, Bushuev MB. N-Hydroxy- N-oxide photoinduced tautomerization and excitation wavelength dependent luminescence of ESIPT-capable zinc(II) complexes with a rationally designed 1-hydroxy-2,4-di(pyridin-2-yl)-1 H-imidazole ESIPT-ligand. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:9818-9835. [PMID: 35708132 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01232d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The ability of 1-hydroxy-1H-imidazoles to undergo proton transfer processes and to exist in N-hydroxy and N-oxide tautomeric forms can be used in coordination chemistry for the design of ESIPT-capable complexes. A series of ESIPT-capable zinc(II) complexes [Zn(HL)Hal2] (Hal = Cl, Br, I) with a rationally designed ESIPT-ligand 1-hydroxy-5-methyl-2,4-di(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazole (HL) featuring spatially separated metal binding and ESIPT sites have been synthesized and characterized. Crystals of these compounds consist of a mixture of two isomers of [Zn(HL)Hal2]. Only a major isomer has a short intramolecular hydrogen bond O-H⋯N as a pre-requisite for ESIPT. In the solid state, the complexes [Zn(HL)Hal2] demonstrate temperature- and excitation wavelength dependent fluorescence in the cyan region due to the interplay of two intraligand fluorescence channels with excited state lifetimes spanning from 0.2 to 4.3 ns. The coordination of HL by Zn2+ ions results in an increase in the photoluminescence efficiency, and the photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of the complexes reach 12% at λex = 300 nm and 27% at λex = 400 nm in comparison with the PLQY of free HL of ca. 2%. Quantum chemical calculations indicate that N-hydroxy-N-oxide phototautomerization is both thermodynamically and kinetically favourable in the S1 state for [Zn(HL)Hal2]. The proton transfer induces considerable geometrical reorganizations and therefore results in large Stokes shifts of ca. 230 nm. In contrast, auxiliary ESIPT-incapable complexes [ZnL2][Zn(OAc)2]2·2H2O and [ZnL2][ZnCl2]2·4H2O with the deprotonated ligand exhibit excitation wavelength independent emission in the violet region with the Stokes shift reduced to ca. 130 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita A Shekhovtsov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Katerina A Vinogradova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Sofia N Vorobyova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Alexey S Berezin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Victor F Plyusnin
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Institutskaya str., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Dmitry Yu Naumov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Natalia V Pervukhina
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Elena B Nikolaenkova
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Alexsei Ya Tikhonov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Mark B Bushuev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
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Sokolov AV, Vologzhanina AVV, Sudakova TV, Popova YV, Alexandrov EV. Design and Synthesis of Coordination Polymers with Cu(II) and Heterocyclic N-Oxides. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00139j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The relations of coordination network connectivity with coordination properties of heterocyclic N-oxides, Cu(I,II), and co-ligands were discussed based on the comparative analysis of 623 structures extracted from the Cambridge Structural...
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Golovnev NN, Gerasimova MA, Molokeev MS, Plyaskin ME, Baronin ME. Photoluminescence of pefloxacindi-ium manganese(II) and zinc(II) tetrahalides. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Shekhovtsov NA, Ryadun AA, Bushuev MB. Luminescence of a Zinc(II) Complex with a Protonated 1‐Hydroxy‐1
H
‐imidazole ESIPT Ligand: Direct Excitation of a Tautomeric Form. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita A. Shekhovtsov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 3, Akad. Lavrentiev Ave. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Alexey A. Ryadun
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 3, Akad. Lavrentiev Ave. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Mark B. Bushuev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 3, Akad. Lavrentiev Ave. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
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Loftus LM, Olson EC, Stewart DJ, Phillips AT, Arumugam K, Cooper TM, Haley JE, Grusenmeyer TA. Zn Coordination and the Identity of the Halide Ancillary Ligand Dramatically Influence the Excited-State Dynamics and Bimolecular Reactions of 2,3-Di(pyridin-2-yl)benzo[ g]quinoxaline. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:16570-16583. [PMID: 34662517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of coordination complexes with ligands containing nitrogen heterocycles have been extensively studied for decades. One subclass of these materials, metal complexes utilizing substituted pyrazines and quinoxalines as ligands, has been employed in a variety of photochemical applications ranging from photodynamic therapy to organic light-emitting diodes. A vast majority of this work focuses on characterization of the metal-to-ligand charge-transfer states in these metal complexes; however, literature reports rarely investigate the photophysics of the parent pyrazine or quinoxaline ligand or perform control experiments utilizing metal complexes that lack low-lying charge-transfer (CT) states in order to determine how metal-atom coordination influences the photophysical properties of the ligand. With this in mind, we examined the steady-state and time-resolved photophysics of 2,3-di(pyridin-2-yl)benzo[g]quinoxaline (dpb) and explored how the coordination of ZnX2 (X = Cl-, Br-, I-) affects the photophysical properties of dpb. In dpb, we find that the dominant mode of deactivation from the singlet excited state is intersystem crossing (ISC). Coordination of ZnX2 perturbs the relative energies of the ππ* and nπ* excited states of dpb, leading to drastically different rates of ISC as well as radiative and nonradiative decay in the [Zn(dpb)X2] complexes compared to dpb. These differences in the rates change the dominant singlet-excited-state decay pathway from ISC in dpb to a mixture of ISC and fluorescence in [Zn(dpb)Cl2] and [Zn(dpb)Br2] and to nonradiative decay in [Zn(dpb)I2]. Coordination of ZnX2 and the choice of the halide ligand also have profound effects on the rate constants for excited-state bimolecular reactions, including triplet-triplet annihilation and oxygen quenching. These results demonstrate that metal coordination, even in complexes lacking low-lying CT states, and the choice of the ancillary ligand can dramatically alter the photophysical properties of chromophores containing nitrogen heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Loftus
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Functional Materials Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7750, United States.,General Dynamics Information Technology, 5100 Springfield Pike, Dayton, Ohio 45431, United States
| | - Emma C Olson
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Functional Materials Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7750, United States.,Southwestern Ohio Council for Higher Education, Dayton, Ohio 45420, United States
| | - David J Stewart
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Functional Materials Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7750, United States
| | - Alexis T Phillips
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Functional Materials Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7750, United States.,Southwestern Ohio Council for Higher Education, Dayton, Ohio 45420, United States
| | - Kuppuswamy Arumugam
- Wright State University, Department of Chemistry, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, Ohio 45435, United States
| | - Thomas M Cooper
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Functional Materials Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7750, United States
| | - Joy E Haley
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Functional Materials Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7750, United States
| | - Tod A Grusenmeyer
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Functional Materials Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7750, United States
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Ouasri A, El Adel L, Rhandour A, Saadi M, El Ammari L. X-ray, Hirshfeld surfaces analyses, DSC-TGA thermal stability, infrared, and optical properties studies of phenylammonium tetrachlorozincate hydrate (C6H5NH3)2ZnCl4.H2O. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Gautier R, Paris M, Massuyeau F. Hydrogen Bonding and Broad-Band Emission in Hybrid Zinc Halide Phosphors. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:2626-2630. [PMID: 32045226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In solid-state lighting (SSL) applications, hybrid zinc halide phosphors are a promising family because they meet specific criteria such as high color rendering, low cost, and nontoxicity. However, contrary to hybrid lead halide phosphors, their quantum efficiencies are low and the origin of this luminescence remains unclear. To unravel this origin and provide new insights into enhancement of this emission, four hybrid zinc halides have been investigated. These four compounds exhibit similar crystal structures but different photoluminescence properties. We show that photoemission requires the formation of Vk centers, which can be promoted by specific hydrogen bonding. We anticipate that the selection of a specific environment for the zinc halide units could lead to a promising family of low-cost and environmentally friendly phosphors for SSL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Gautier
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes, CNRS, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 32229, 44322 Nantes cedex 3, France
| | - Michael Paris
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes, CNRS, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 32229, 44322 Nantes cedex 3, France
| | - Florian Massuyeau
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes, CNRS, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 32229, 44322 Nantes cedex 3, France
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Wang Y, Ren FD, Cao DL. A dynamic and electrostatic potential prediction of the prototropic tautomerism between imidazole 3-oxide and 1-hydroxyimidazole in external electric field. J Mol Model 2019; 25:330. [PMID: 31659461 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4216-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In order to obtain an optimum scheme for separating the proton-transfer tautomer, a dynamic investigation into the effect of the external electric field on the proton-transfer tautomeric conversion in imidazole 3-oxide and 1-hydroxyimidazole was carried out at the M06-2X/6-311++G** and CCSD(T)/6-311++G(2d,p) level, accompanied by the analysis of the surface electrostatic potentials. The results show that, for both the forward reaction "imidazole 3-oxide → N-hydroxyimidazole free radical → 1-hydroxyimidazole" and its reverse reaction processes, the fields parallel to the N→O or N-OH bond axis affect the barrier heights and rate constants considerably more than those parallel to the other orientations. As the field strength is increased along the orientation from the O to N atom, the chemical equilibrium moves toward the direction for the formation of 1-hydroxyimidazole, while the amount of imidazole 3-oxide is increased with the increased field strength along the opposite orientation. In the fields along the orientation consistent with the dipole moment, the electrostatic potentials and their variances "abnormally" increase for the transition states with the N→O bond in comparison with those in no field (they decrease generally), which enhances the nucleophilicity of the coordination O atom and the electrophilicity of the activated H atom. The analyses of the AIM (atoms in molecules) and NICS (nucleus-independent chemical shift) were used to explain the above anomaly. Graphical Abstract Electrostatic potentials and their variances "abnormally" increase in the external electric field, which greatly affects tautomeric conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Shanxi Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Fu-de Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Shanxi Taiyuan, 030051, China.
| | - Duan-Lin Cao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Shanxi Taiyuan, 030051, China
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Gas adsorption and fluorescent sensing properties of two porous lanthanide metal–organic frameworks based on 3,5-bis(2-carboxy-phenoxy)-benzoic acid. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Eremina JA, Lider EV, Samsonenko DG, Sheludyakova LA, Berezin AS, Klyushova LS, Ostrovskii VA, Trifonov RE. Mixed-ligand copper(II) complexes with tetrazole derivatives and 2,2′-bipyridine, 1,10-phenanthroline: Synthesis, structure and cytotoxic activity. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Fan L, Gao L, Ren G, Zhang J, Huo L, Wang X, Niu X, Hu T. Three coordination polymers based on 5-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)isophthalic acid: Syntheses, structure, magnetic properties. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2018.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Hu T, Wang X, Xue Z, Zhang X, Wang X. Structural control and magnetic properties of three Co(II) coordination polymers based on 6-(3,5-dicarboxylphenyl)nicotinic acid. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Methods of synthesis and physicochemical properties of 1-hydroxyimidazoles, imidazole 3-oxides, and their benzoannulated analogs. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-017-2030-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Zheng BH, Zhang X, Wang XQ, Hao XN, Hu TP. Three novel transition-metal coordination polymers based on rigid polycarboxylate ligand and N-donor co-ligands. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Liu Z, El Abedin SZ, Endres F. Dissolution of zinc oxide in a protic ionic liquid with the 1-methylimidazolium cation and electrodeposition of zinc from ZnO/ionic liquid and ZnO/ionic liquid–water mixtures. Electrochem commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Nikitina PA, Peregudov AS, Koldaeva TY, Kuz'mina LG, Adiulin EI, Tkach II, Perevalov VP. Synthesis and study of prototropic tautomerism of 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1-hydroxyimidazoles. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Hu T, Zheng B, Wang X, Hao X. Syntheses, structures and magnetic properties of four manganese(ii) and cobalt(ii) complexes. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce01857a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Qiao JZ, Zhan MS, Hu TP. Syntheses, crystal structures, photoluminescent/magnetic properties of four new coordination polymers based on 2,3′,4,5′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09505g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex 1 is a (4,10)-connected deh1 net. Both complexes 2 and 4 exhibit (4,4)-connected mog moganite nets and novel (3,4,4)-connected networks respectively. Complex 3 is a 3D supermolecular net assembled by 1D anionic chains and cationic chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Zhong Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mao-Sheng Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tuo-Ping Hu
- Department of Chemistry
- North University of China
- Taiyuan 030051, China
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