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Lin YQ, Tian XM, Zhu BX, Chen DM, Huang C. Five Porous Complexes Constructed from a Racemic Ligand: Synthesis, Chiral Self-Assembly, Iodine Adsorption, and Desorption Properties. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37450691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a chiral bispyridyl ligand (L) was designed and synthesized using a Schiff base condensation reaction, followed by a 1,3-H shift. Five complexes, [Zn2L2(OAc)4] (1), {[CdLCl2(DMF)]·4H2O}n (2), [Cd2L2I4]·4H2O (3), {[CdL2(H2O)2](NO3)2·2CH3OH}n (4), and [Hg2L2Cl4]·2DMF (5), were synthesized and characterized upon its reaction with Zn(II), Cd(II), or Hg(II) ions, respectively. X-ray crystallography shows that the organic compound exists as a racemic ligand with equal amounts of its R- and S-isomers, and all of the synthesized complexes exhibit heterochiral self-assembly via a chiral self-discrimination process. Complexes 1, 3, and 5 exist as centrosymmetric binuclear metallamacrocycles, while complexes 2 and 4 exist as 1D looped-chain coordination polymers. Inspired by the assembled structures of the five complexes, I2 adsorption/desorption measurements for the complexes were carried out. The results show that complexes 1 and 5 exhibit good adsorption capacities toward I2 in n-hexane and in water, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Qun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiao-Mao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Bi-Xue Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Dong-Mei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Izadyar A, Mansouri-Torshizi H, Dehghanian E, Shahraki S. Spectroscopy, docking and molecular dynamics studies on the interaction between cis and trans palladium-alanine complexes with calf-thymus DNA and antitumor activities. J COORD CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2023.2192331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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3
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Jeevitha Rani J, Mary Imelda Jayaseeli A, Sankarganesh M, Nandini Asha R. Bovine serum albumin interaction, molecular docking, anticancer and antimicrobial activities of Co(II) Schiff base complex derived from Nophen ligand. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:1895-1903. [PMID: 35037822 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2026249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In this report, synthesis, characterization, biological and molecular modeling studies of Nophen Schiff base [N,N-bis(2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde)-o-phenylenediamine] and Co(II)-Nophen complex have been furnished. BSA binding affinities of the ligand and Co(II)-Nophen complex have been appraised by UV-visible, fluorescence and cyclic voltammetric techniques. Spectroscopic measurements indicate strong binding of the complex with BSA protein through static quenching mechanism with binding constant in the order of 104 M-1. The negative shift of the peak potential in cyclic voltammetry suggested an electrostatic interaction. Molecular docking analysis reveals significant binding affinity (-6.3 kcal/mol) of the complex towards BSA protein. It is amazing that the in vitro cytotoxicity of Co(II)-Nophen complex against A549 cell lines (Human lung carcinoma cells) has remarkable potentials with 29 ± 1.2 µM as IC50 value. Comparing the biological activity towards microorganisms, Co(II)-Nophen complex show substantial response than the Nophen ligand.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jeevitha Rani
- Post Graduate and Research Center of Chemistry, Jayaraj Annapackiam College for Women (Autonomous), Affiliated to Mother Teresa Women's University, Kodaikanal, Periyakulam, Theni, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Mary Imelda Jayaseeli
- Post Graduate and Research Center of Chemistry, Jayaraj Annapackiam College for Women (Autonomous), Affiliated to Mother Teresa Women's University, Kodaikanal, Periyakulam, Theni, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Sankarganesh
- Department of Chemistry, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Nandini Asha
- Department of Chemistry, Pope's College (Autonomous), Sawyerpuram, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India
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Mohammadi F, Mansouri-Torshizi H, Saeidifar M, Dehghanian E, Skorepova E, Dusek M, Abdi K. Synthesis, characterization, cytotoxicity and DNA/BSA binding of two amino acid palladium(II) complexes derived from alanine and valine. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 41:97-122. [PMID: 34879790 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2021.2011914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Two novel palladium(II)-amino acid complexes, [Pd(Ala)2]·H2O (PA) and [Pd(Val)2].H2O (PV) (Ala = alanine; Val = valine) were synthesized and characterized through FTIR, UV/Vis, 1H-NMR spectroscopies, CHN analysis, X-ray crystallography and molar conductivity measurement. Furthermore, cytotoxicity of Pd(II) complexes against human leukemia cancer cell line, MOLT4 showed promising cancer cell death (CC50 = 0.71 ± 0.046 µM for PA; CC50 = 0.85 ± 0.063 µM for PV) that were less than cisplatin (1.59 ± 0.25 µM). Moreover, the interaction of both the complexes with DNA and BSA was studied using UV-Vis absorption and emission spectroscopic techniques that demonstrated the bindings occurred via van der Waals forces and hydrogen bond. Furthermore, the fluorescence titration showed that static quenching mechanism plays predominate role in binding process. All results showed that both complexes have more binding tendency to DNA in compared to BSA that can be a significant achievement for further medical purposes as a potential antitumor candidate. Finally, molecular docking simulation was performed for PA and PV complexes with DNA and BSA and demonstrated both complexes bind to the groove of DNA mainly by hydrogen bond and interact with site I of BSA via hydrogen bond as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mohammadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hassan Mansouri-Torshizi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Maryam Saeidifar
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran
| | - Effat Dehghanian
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | | | - Michal Dusek
- Institute of Physics ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Khatereh Abdi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
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5
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Feizi-Dehnayebi M, Dehghanian E, Mansouri-Torshizi H. DNA/BSA binding affinity studies of new Pd(II) complex with S-S and N-N donor mixed ligands via experimental insight and molecular simulation: Preliminary antitumor activity, lipophilicity and DFT perspective. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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6
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Heidari A, Mansouri-Torshizi H, Saeidifar M, Abdi K. Experimental and Computational Studies on the Interaction between DNA and BSA with a Couple of Isomeric [Pd(daf)(Leu)]+, and [Pd(daf)(Ile)]+ Antitumor Complexes, Their Synthesis and Spectral Characterization. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Heidari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, P. O. Box 98135-674, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hassan Mansouri-Torshizi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, P. O. Box 98135-674, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Maryam Saeidifar
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran
| | - Khatereh Abdi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, P. O. Box 98135-674, Zahedan, Iran
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Samy F, Taha A, Omar FM. New solvatochromic complexes of 1,2‐bis[(5,6‐diphenyl‐1,2,4‐triazin3‐yl)hydrazinylidene‐methyl]benzene: Synthesis, spectroscopic, biological, docking, and theoretical studies. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Samy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt
| | - Ali Taha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt
| | - Fouz M. Omar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt
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Neethu K, Sivaselvam S, Theetharappan M, Ranjitha J, Bhuvanesh N, Ponpandian N, Neelakantan M, Kaveri M. In vitro evaluations of biomolecular interactions, antioxidant and anticancer activities of Nickel(II) and Copper(II) complexes with 1:2 coordination of anthracenyl hydrazone ligands. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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9
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Samy F, Omar F. Synthesis, characterization, antitumor activity, molecular modeling and docking of new ligand, (2,5-pyrrole)-bis(5,6-diphenyl-[1,2,4]-triazin-3-yl)hydrazone and its complexes. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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10
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Mohammadi F, Mansouri-Torshizi H. Five novel palladium(II) complexes of 8-hydroxyquinoline and amino acids with hydrophobic side chains: synthesis, characterization, cytotoxicity, DNA- and BSA-interaction studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:3059-3073. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1651219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mohammadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hassan Mansouri-Torshizi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
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11
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Jeyalakshmi K, Haribabu J, Balachandran C, Narmatha E, Bhuvanesh NSP, Aoki S, Awale S, Karvembu R. Highly active copper(i) complexes of aroylthiourea ligands against cancer cells – synthetic and biological studies. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04246b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Copper(i) complexes containing sulfur donor monodentate aroylthiourea ligands have been synthesized and evaluated for their biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaramangalam Jeyalakshmi
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Tiruchirappalli 620015
- India
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Jebiti Haribabu
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Tiruchirappalli 620015
- India
| | | | | | | | - Shin Aoki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tokyo University of Science
- Noda 278-8510
- Japan
| | - Suresh Awale
- Division of Natural Drug Discovery
- Department of Translational Research
- Institute of Natural Medicine
- University of Toyama
- 2630 Sugitani
| | - Ramasamy Karvembu
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Tiruchirappalli 620015
- India
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12
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Li-Hua W, Xi-Shi T. The crystal structure of (E)-N′-(quinolin-2-ylmethylene)furan-2-carbohydrazide monohydrate, C15H13N3O3. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2017-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractC15H13N3O3, triclinic, P1̅, a = 6.4662(13) Å, b = 7.1213(14) Å, c = 15.373(3) Å, α = 80.09(3)°, β = 88.40(3)°, γ = 74.81(3)°, V = 672.9(3) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0503, wRref(F2) = 0.1572, T = 293(2) K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Li-Hua
- College of Information and Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang, Shandong 261061, P.R. China
| | - Tai Xi-Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang, Shandong 261061, P.R. China
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13
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Mansouri-Torshizi H, Zareian-Jahromi S, Ghahghaei A, Shahraki S, Khosravi F, Heidari Majd M. Palladium(II) complexes of biorelevant ligands. Synthesis, structures, cytotoxicity and rich DNA/HSA interaction studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:2787-2806. [PMID: 28849726 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1372309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a pair of new palladium(II) complexes, [Pd(Gly)(Phe)] and [Pd(Gly)(Tyr)], (where Gly is glycine, Phe is phenylalanine, and Tyr is tyrosine) were synthesized and characterized by UV-Vis, FT-IR, elemental analysis, 1H-NMR, and conductivity measurements. The detailed 1H NMR and infrared spectral studies of these Pd(II) complexes ascertain the mode of binding of amino acids to palladium through nitrogen of -NH2 and oxygen of -COO- groups as bidentate chelates. The Pd(II) complexes have been tested for in vitro cytotoxicity activities against cancer cell line of K562. Interactions of these Pd(II) complexes with CT-DNA and human serum albumin were identified through absorption/emission titrations and gel electrophoresis which indicated significant binding proficiency. The binding distance (r) between these synthesized complexes and HSA based on Forster's theory of non-radiation energy transfer were calculated. Alterations of HSA secondary structure induced by complexes were confirmed by FT-IR measurements. The results of emission quenching at three temperatures have revealed that the quenching mechanism of these Pd(II) complexes with CT-DNA and HSA were the static and dynamic quenching mechanism, respectively. Binding constants (Kb), binding site number (n), and the corresponding thermodynamic parameters were calculated and revealed that the hydrogen binding and hydrophobic forces played a major role when Pd(II) complexes interacted with DNA and HSA, respectively. We bid that [Pd(Gly)(Phe)] and [Pd(Gly)(Tyr)] complexes exhibit the groove binding with CT-DNA and interact with the main binding pocket of HSA. The complexes follow the binding affinity order of [Pd(Gly)(Tyr)] > [Pd(Gly)(Phe)] with CT-DNA- and HSA-binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Mansouri-Torshizi
- a Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry , University of Sistan and Baluchestan , Zahedan , Iran
| | - Sareh Zareian-Jahromi
- a Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry , University of Sistan and Baluchestan , Zahedan , Iran
| | - Arezou Ghahghaei
- b Faculty of Science, Department of Biology , University of Sistan and Baluchestan , Zahedan , Iran
| | - Somaye Shahraki
- c Department of Chemistry , University of Zabol , Zabol , Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khosravi
- a Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry , University of Sistan and Baluchestan , Zahedan , Iran
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14
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Zareian-Jahromi S, Mansouri-Torshizi H. Synthesis, characterization, DNA and HSA binding studies of isomeric Pd (II) antitumor complexes using spectrophotometry techniques. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:1329-1350. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1322536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Zareian-Jahromi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hassan Mansouri-Torshizi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
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15
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Gomathi A, Vijayan P, Viswanathamurthi P, Suresh S, Nandhakumar R, Hashimoto T. Organoruthenium(II) compounds with pyridyl benzoxazole/benzthiazole moiety: studies on DNA/protein binding and enzyme mimetic activities. J COORD CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2017.1309649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Takeshi Hashimoto
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Kahrović E, Zahirović A, Kraljević Pavelić S, Turkušić E, Harej A. In vitro anticancer activity of binuclear Ru(II) complexes with Schiff bases derived from 5-substituted salicylaldehyde and 2-aminopyridine with notably low IC50 values. J COORD CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2017.1308503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emira Kahrović
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Adnan Zahirović
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Sandra Kraljević Pavelić
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for High-Throughput Technologies, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Emir Turkušić
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Anja Harej
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for High-Throughput Technologies, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
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Bikas R, Ghorbanloo M, Sasani R, Pantenburg I, Meyer G. Manganese(II) complexes of hydrazone based NNO-donor ligands and their catalytic activity in the oxidation of olefins. J COORD CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2017.1281918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahman Bikas
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Massomeh Ghorbanloo
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Roya Sasani
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ingo Pantenburg
- Department für Chemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - Gerd Meyer
- Department für Chemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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Mohanraj M, Ayyannan G, Raja G, Jayabalakrishnan C. Synthesis, spectral characterization, DNA interaction, radical scavenging and cytotoxicity studies of ruthenium(II) hydrazone complexes. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 158:164-73. [PMID: 26974577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Three new ruthenium(II) complexes with hydrazone ligands, furan-2-carboxylic acid (2,4-dihydroxy-benzylidene)-hydrazide (HL(1)), furan-2-carboxylic acid [4-(ethyl-propyl-amino)-2-hydroxy-benzylidene]-hydrazide (HL(2)) and furan-2-carboxylic acid (3-ethoxy-2-hydroxy-benzylidene)-hydrazide (HL(3)) were synthesized and characterized by various spectro-analytical techniques. The hydrazone ligands act as a tridendate ligand with ONO as the donor sites and are preferably found in the enol form in all the complexes. The molecular structure of the ligands was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The interaction of the ligands and the complexes with CT-DNA were evaluated by an absorption titration method which revealed that the compounds interact with CT-DNA through intercalation. Gel electrophoresis assay demonstrated the ability of the complexes to cleave the calf thymus DNA hydrolytically. Antioxidant studies showed that the ruthenium(II) complexes have a strong radical-scavenging properties. Further, the cytotoxic effect of the compounds examined on cancerous cell lines showed that the complexes exhibited substantial anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maruthachalam Mohanraj
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, 641 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganesan Ayyannan
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, 641 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gunasekaran Raja
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, 641 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chinnasamy Jayabalakrishnan
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, 641 020, Tamil Nadu, India.
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