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Convection in a Ferromagnetic Fluid Layer Influenced by Changeable Gravity and Viscosity. MATHEMATICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/math10101737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The motive of this work is to numerically evaluate the effect of changeable gravitational fields and varying viscosity on the beginning of convection in ferromagnetic fluid layer. The fluid layer is constrained by two free boundaries and varying gravitational fields that vary with distance across the layer. The authors hypothesized two categories of gravitational field variation, which can be subdivided into six distinct cases: (i) f(z)=z, (ii) f(z)=ez, (iii) f(z)=log(1+z), (iv) f(z)=−z, (v) f(z)=−z2, and (vi) f(z)=z2−2z. The normal mode method was applied, and the single term Galerkin approach was used to solve the ensuing eigenvalue problem. The results imply that, in the first three cases, the gravity variation parameter speeds up the commencement of convection, while, in the last three cases, the viscosity variation parameter and gravity variation parameter slow down the onset of convection. It was also observed that, in the absence of the viscosity variation parameter, the non-buoyancy magnetization parameter destabilizes the impact on the beginning of convection but, in the presence of the viscosity variation parameter, it destabilizes or stabilizes impact on the beginning of convection. In the case of oscillatory convection, the results illustrate that oscillatory modes are not permitted, suggesting the validity of the theory of exchange of stabilities. Additionally, it was also discovered that the system is more stable for case (vi) and more unstable for case (ii).
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Algehyne EA, Areshi M, Saeed A, Bilal M, Kumam W, Kumam P. Numerical simulation of bioconvective Darcy Forchhemier nanofluid flow with energy transition over a permeable vertical plate. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3228. [PMID: 35217768 PMCID: PMC8881599 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07254-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In biological systems, the MHD boundary layer bioconvection flow through permeable surface has several applications, including electronic gadgets, heating systems, building thermal insulation, geological systems, renewable energy, electromagnetism and nuclear waste. The bioconvection caused by the hydromagnetic flow of a special form of water-based nanoliquid including motile microorganisms and nanoparticles across a porous upright moving surface is investigated in this report. The combination of motile microbes and nanoparticles causes nanofluid bioconvection is studied under the cumulative impact of magnetic fields and buoyancy forces. The Brownian motion, thermophoresis effects, heat absorption/generation, chemical reaction and Darcy Forchhemier impact are also unified into the nonlinear model of differential equations. The modeled boundary value problem is numerically computed by employing a suitable similarity operation and the parametric continuation procedure. The parametric study of the flow physical parameters is evaluated versus the velocity, energy, volume fraction of nanoparticles, motile microorganisms’ density, skin friction, Sherwood number and Nusselt number. It has been observed that the velocity profile reduces with the effect of porosity parameter k1, inertial parameter k2, Hartmann number and buoyancy ratio. While the energy transition profile significantly enhances with the flourishing values of Eckert number Ec, heat absorption/generation Q and Hartmann number respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahem A Algehyne
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia.,Nanotechnology Research Unit (NRU), University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mounirah Areshi
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar Saeed
- Center of Excellence in Theoretical and Computational Science (TaCS-CoE), Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), 126 Pracha Uthit Rd., Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Mathematics, City University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Wiyada Kumam
- Applied Mathematics for Science and Engineering Research Unit (AMSERU), Program in Applied Statistics, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani, 12110, Thailand
| | - Poom Kumam
- Center of Excellence in Theoretical and Computational Science (TaCS-CoE), Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), 126 Pracha Uthit Rd., Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand. .,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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Babat RAA, Martin K, Çiftçi E, Sözen A. Experimental study on the utilization of magnetic nanofluids in an air-to-air heat pipe heat exchanger. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2021.1977634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kerim Martin
- Energy Systems Engineering Department, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
- Energy Systems Engineering Department, Kahramanmaraş İstiklal University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Erdem Çiftçi
- Energy Systems Engineering Department, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adnan Sözen
- Energy Systems Engineering Department, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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A well-trained artificial neural network for predicting the rheological behavior of MWCNT-Al 2O 3 (30-70%)/oil SAE40 hybrid nanofluid. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17696. [PMID: 34465796 PMCID: PMC8408142 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96808-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the influence of different volume fractions ([Formula: see text]) of nanoparticles and temperatures on the dynamic viscosity ([Formula: see text]) of MWCNT-Al2O3 (30-70%)/oil SAE40 hybrid nanofluid was examined by ANN. For this reason, the [Formula: see text] was derived for 203 various experiments through a series of experimental tests, including a combination of 7 different [Formula: see text], 6 various temperatures, and 5 shear rates. These data were then used to train an artificial neural network (ANN) to generalize results in the predefined ranges for two input parameters. For this reason, a feed-forward perceptron ANN with two inputs (T and [Formula: see text]) and one output ([Formula: see text]) was used. The best topology of the ANN was determined by trial and error, and a two-layer with 10 neurons in the hidden layer with the tansig function had the best performance. A well-trained ANN is created using the trainbr algorithm and showed an MSE value of 4.3e-3 along 0.999 as a correlation coefficient for predicting [Formula: see text]. The results show that an increase [Formula: see text] has a significant effect on [Formula: see text] value. As [Formula: see text] increases, the viscosity of this nanofluid increases at all temperatures. On the other hand, with increasing temperature, the viscosity of this nanofluid decreases. Based on all of the diagrams presented for the trained ANNs, we can conclude that a well-trained ANN can be used as an approximating function for predicting the [Formula: see text].
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