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Liu Y, Ziatdinov M, Kalinin SV. Exploring Causal Physical Mechanisms via Non-Gaussian Linear Models and Deep Kernel Learning: Applications for Ferroelectric Domain Structures. ACS NANO 2022; 16:1250-1259. [PMID: 34964598 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rapid emergence of multimodal imaging in scanning probe, electron, and optical microscopies has brought forth the challenge of understanding the information contained in these complex data sets, targeting the intrinsic correlations between different channels, and further exploring the underpinning causal physical mechanisms. Here, we develop such an analysis framework for Piezoresponse Force Microscopy. We argue that under certain conditions, we can bootstrap experimental observations with the prior knowledge of materials structure to get information on certain nonobserved properties, and demonstrate linear causal analysis for PFM observables. We further demonstrate that the strength of individual causal links between complex descriptors can be ascertained using the deep kernel learning (DKL) model. In this DKL analysis, we use the prior information on domain structure within the image to predict the physical properties. This analysis demonstrates the correlative relationships between morphology, piezoresponse, elastic property, etc., at nanoscale. The prediction of morphology and other physical parameters illustrates a mutual interaction between surface condition and physical properties in ferroelectric materials. This analysis is universal and can be extended to explore the correlative relationships of other multichannel data sets, and allow for high-fidelity reconstruction of underpinning functionalities and physical mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongtao Liu
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Maxim Ziatdinov
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Sergei V Kalinin
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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Sandiumenge F, Rodríguez L, Pruneda M, Magén C, Santiso J, Catalan G. Metallic Diluted Dimerization in VO 2 Tweeds. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004374. [PMID: 33501746 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The observation of electronic phase separation textures in vanadium dioxide, a prototypical electron-correlated oxide, has recently added new perspectives on the long standing debate about its metal-insulator transition and its applications. Yet, the lack of atomically resolved information on phases accompanying such complex patterns still hinders a comprehensive understanding of the transition and its implementation in practical devices. In this work, atomic resolution imaging and spectroscopy unveils the existence of ferroelastic tweed structures on ≈5 nm length scales, well below the resolution limit of currently used spectroscopic imaging techniques. Moreover, density functional theory calculations show that this pretransitional fine-scale tweed, which on average looks and behaves like the standard metallic rutile phase, is in fact weaved by semi-dimerized chains of vanadium in a new monoclinic phase that represents a structural bridge to the monoclinic insulating ground state. These observations provide a multiscale perspective for the interpretation of existing data, whereby phase coexistence and structural intermixing can occur all the way down to the atomic scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felip Sandiumenge
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, 08193, Spain
| | - Laura Rodríguez
- ICN2 (Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia) BIST-CSIC, Bellaterra, Catalonia, 08193, Spain
| | - Miguel Pruneda
- ICN2 (Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia) BIST-CSIC, Bellaterra, Catalonia, 08193, Spain
| | - César Magén
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), Universidad de Zaragoza - CSIC, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
- Laboratorio de Microscopías Avanzadas (LMA) - Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50018, Spain
| | - José Santiso
- ICN2 (Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia) BIST-CSIC, Bellaterra, Catalonia, 08193, Spain
| | - Gustau Catalan
- ICN2 (Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia) BIST-CSIC, Bellaterra, Catalonia, 08193, Spain
- ICREA (Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats), Barcelona, 08010, Spain
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Kalinin SV, Dyck O, Balke N, Neumayer S, Tsai WY, Vasudevan R, Lingerfelt D, Ahmadi M, Ziatdinov M, McDowell MT, Strelcov E. Toward Electrochemical Studies on the Nanometer and Atomic Scales: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities. ACS NANO 2019; 13:9735-9780. [PMID: 31433942 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b02687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical reactions and ionic transport underpin the operation of a broad range of devices and applications, from energy storage and conversion to information technologies, as well as biochemical processes, artificial muscles, and soft actuators. Understanding the mechanisms governing function of these applications requires probing local electrochemical phenomena on the relevant time and length scales. Here, we discuss the challenges and opportunities for extending electrochemical characterization probes to the nanometer and ultimately atomic scales, including challenges in down-scaling classical methods, the emergence of novel probes enabled by nanotechnology and based on emergent physics and chemistry of nanoscale systems, and the integration of local data into macroscopic models. Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) methods based on strain detection, potential detection, and hysteretic current measurements are discussed. We further compare SPM to electron beam probes and discuss the applicability of electron beam methods to probe local electrochemical behavior on the mesoscopic and atomic levels. Similar to a SPM tip, the electron beam can be used both for observing behavior and as an active electrode to induce reactions. We briefly discuss new challenges and opportunities for conducting fundamental scientific studies, matter patterning, and atomic manipulation arising in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei V Kalinin
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Ondrej Dyck
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Nina Balke
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Sabine Neumayer
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Wan-Yu Tsai
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Rama Vasudevan
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - David Lingerfelt
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Mahshid Ahmadi
- Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , Tennessee 37996 , United States
| | - Maxim Ziatdinov
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Matthew T McDowell
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Evgheni Strelcov
- Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
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A Diagram of the Structure Evolution of Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3) O3-9%PbTiO3 Relaxor Ferroelectric Crystals with Excellent Piezoelectric Properties. CRYSTALS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst7050130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Saxena A, Castán T, Planes A, Porta M, Kishi Y, Lograsso TA, Viehland D, Wuttig M, De Graef M. Origin of magnetic and magnetoelastic tweedlike precursor modulations in ferroic materials. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:197203. [PMID: 15169443 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.197203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Based on experimental observations of modulated magnetic patterns in a Co0.5Ni0.205Ga0.295 alloy, we propose a model to describe a (purely) magnetic tweed and a magnetoelastic tweed. The former arises above the Curie (or Néel) temperature due to magnetic disorder. The latter results from compositional fluctuations coupling to strain and then to magnetism through the magnetoelastic interaction above the structural transition temperature. We discuss the origin of purely magnetic and magnetoelastic precursor modulations and their experimental thermodynamic signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saxena
- Department d'Estructura i Constituents de la Matèria, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Jin YM, Wang YU, Khachaturyan AG, Li JF, Viehland D. Conformal miniaturization of domains with low domain-wall energy: monoclinic ferroelectric states near the morphotropic phase boundaries. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:197601. [PMID: 14611617 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.197601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A theory is developed for intermediate monoclinic (FE(m)) phases near morphotropic phase boundaries in ferroelectrics of complex oxides. It is based on the conformal miniaturization of stress-accommodating tetragonal domains under the condition of low domain-wall energy density. The microdomain-averaged lattice parameters are determined and attributed to the parameters of an adaptive monoclinic phase. The theory is applied to the temperature, electric field, and compositional dependent FE(m) lattice parameters. The predictions of the theory are rigidly obeyed over the entire FE(m) stability range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Jin
- Department of Ceramic and Materials Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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