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Duan A, Jiang F, Li L, Li Q, Chen W. Design and practice of blended teaching of internal medicine nursing based on O-AMAS effective teaching model. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:580. [PMID: 38807140 PMCID: PMC11131218 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05588-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-directed learning (SDL) ability is the basis for cultivating nursing students' ability to find and solve problems, lifelong learning, and providing high-quality nursing talents for healthcare. The O-AMAS (Objective, Activation, Multi-learning, Assessment, Summary) model adheres to the teaching philosophy of student-centered, result-oriented, combines the advantages of online and offline teaching, enriching teaching resources and learning channels, diversifying teaching and evaluation methods, and emphasizing integrating and applying knowledge conducive to improving students' SDL ability and achieving teaching objectives. This study explored the course design, practical, and application effects under the O-AMAS effective teaching model in internal medicine nursing to provide a basis and reference for combining effective teaching models with blended teaching in future nursing courses. METHODS This study is a self-controlled before-after trial. The participants were 76 nursing undergraduates from Hunan Normal University. This study utilizes the O-AMAS effective teaching model to design internal medicine nursing courses and implement blended online and offline teaching. Main links: The overall course design and application are student-centered, after clarifying macro and micro multi-dimensional learning objectives, with online and offline blended teaching environments activated students' learning behavior and diversified teachers' teaching activities, then based on instant and dynamic provide effective feedback; finally, students take the initiate to make a brief and potent summary under the teacher guidance. After the course, a unified assessment of the learning effect of nursing students was conducted, including the evaluation of the SDL ability of nursing students, a final comprehensive evaluation grade, and a teaching satisfaction survey. RESULTS The nursing students' SDL ability scores are higher than before teaching, and the results were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The final average comprehensive evaluation grade of nursing students was 78.38 ± 7.12. More than 96% of the students are satisfied with this course. CONCLUSION Applying for internal medicine nursing blended teaching integrated with the O-AMAS effective teaching model is conducive to improving nursing students' SDL ability, academic grades, and teaching satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyan Duan
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Fen Jiang
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Li
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qun Li
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China.
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Zhao CX, Wang ZJ, Yang XJ, Ma X, Cui Y, Zhang YX, Cheng XH, Zhang SE, Guo QF, Cao DP. Promotion of self-directed learning abilities among Chinese medical students through preparing for career calling and enhancing teaching competencies in medical education: a cross-sectional study. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:386. [PMID: 38589890 PMCID: PMC11003071 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05330-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical students face a heavy burden as they are tasked with acquiring a vast amount of medical knowledge within a limited time frame. Self-directed learning (SDL) has become crucial for efficient and ongoing learning among medical students. However, effective ways to foster SDL ability among Chinese medical students are lacking, and limited studies have identified factors that impact the SDL ability of medical students. This makes it challenging for educators to develop targeted strategies to improve students' SDL ability. This study aims to assess SDL ability among Chinese medical students and examine the effects of career calling and teaching competencies on SDL ability, as well as the possible mechanisms linking them. METHODS Data were collected from 3614 respondents (effective response rate = 60.11%) using cross-sectional online questionnaires and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0. The questionnaire comprised a Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire, Self-directed Learning Ability Scale (Cronbach's alpha = 0.962), Teaching Competencies Scale, and Career Calling Scale. RESULTS The average SDL ability score of Chinese medical students was 3.68 ± 0.56, indicating a moderate level of SDL ability. The six factors of the Self-directed Learning Ability Scale-self-reflection, ability to use learning methods, ability to set study plans, ability to set studying objectives, ability to adjust psychological state, and willpower in studying-accounted for 12.90%, 12.89%, 12.39%, 11.94%, 11.34%, and 8.67% of the variance, respectively. Furthermore, career calling was positively associated with SDL learning ability (β = 0.295, p < 0.001), and SDL learning ability was positively associated with teaching competencies (β = 0.191, p < 0.01). Simple slope analysis showed that when the level of teaching competencies was higher, the influence of career calling on SDL ability was stronger. CONCLUSIONS Chinese medical students' SDL ability has room for improvement. Medical students could strengthen their willpower in studying by setting milestones goals with rewards, which could inspire their motivation for the next goals. Teachers should guide students to learn experience to improve students' reflective ability. Educators play a crucial role in bridging the gap between career calling education and SDL ability enhancement, highlighting the significance of optimal teaching competencies. Colleges should focus on strengthening teachers' sense of career calling and teaching competencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Xi Zhao
- Academic Affairs Office, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150001, Harbin, China
| | - Zi-Jiao Wang
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Yang
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, China
| | - Xing Ma
- Center for the Evaluation of Higher Education Teaching and Learning of Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Cui
- Academic Affairs Office, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150001, Harbin, China
| | - Yan-Xin Zhang
- Academic Affairs Office, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150001, Harbin, China
| | - Xin-Hui Cheng
- Academic Affairs Office, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150001, Harbin, China
| | - Shu-E Zhang
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, China.
| | - Qing-Feng Guo
- Academic Affairs Office, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150001, Harbin, China.
| | - De-Pin Cao
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, China.
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Taylor TA, Kemp K, Mi M, Lerchenfeldt S. Self-directed learning assessment practices in undergraduate health professions education: a systematic review. MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE 2023; 28:2189553. [PMID: 36919556 PMCID: PMC10026772 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2023.2189553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this systematic review was to examine self-directed learning (SDL) assessment practices in undergraduate health professions education. METHODS Seven electronic databases were searched (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, ERIC, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science) to retrieve English-language articles published between 2015 and July of 2022, investigating assessment of SDL learning outcomes. Extracted data included the sample size, field of study, study design, SDL activity type, SDL assessment method, number of SDL assessments used, study quality, number of SDL components present utilising the framework the authors developed, and SDL activity outcomes. We also assessed relationships between SDL assessment method and number of SDL components, study quality, field of study, and study outcomes. RESULTS Of the 141 studies included, the majority of study participants were medical (51.8%) or nursing (34.8%) students. The most common SDL assessment method used was internally-developed perception surveys (49.6%). When evaluating outcomes for SDL activities, most studies reported a positive or mixed/neutral outcome (58.2% and 34.8%, respectively). There was a statistically significant relationship between both number and type of assessments used, and study quality, with knowledge assessments (median-IQR 11.5) being associated with higher study quality (p < 0.001). Less than half (48.9%) of the studies used more than one assessment method to evaluate the effectiveness of SDL activities. Having more than one assessment (mean 9.49) was associated with higher quality study (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The results of our systematic review suggest that SDL assessment practices within undergraduate health professions education vary greatly, as different aspects of SDL were leveraged and implemented by diverse groups of learners to meet different learning needs and professional accreditation requirements. Evidence-based best practices for the assessment of SDL across undergraduate healthcare professions education should include the use of multiple assessments, with direct and indirect measures, to more accurately assess student performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey A.H. Taylor
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Kyeorda Kemp
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Misa Mi
- Medical Library, Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Sarah Lerchenfeldt
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
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Lin YL, Chen HL, Chen YY, Cheng SY, Chen WL, Chiu YC, Chiu YL. The effects of job characteristics on physicians' orientation toward lifelong learning. ADVANCES IN HEALTH SCIENCES EDUCATION : THEORY AND PRACTICE 2023; 28:1151-1169. [PMID: 36705767 PMCID: PMC9881521 DOI: 10.1007/s10459-022-10202-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With the rapidly growing body of medical knowledge, physicians must engage in lifelong learning. Physicians' orientation toward lifelong learning is of crucial importance. This study aimed to explore the effects of job characteristics on physicians' lifelong learning. A multicenter study collecting data from physicians from three medical centers in Taiwan was performed. A total of 321 physicians were surveyed with the Chinese version of the Job Content Questionnaire (C-JCQ) and the revised Jefferson Scale of Physician Lifelong Learning (JeffSPLL) to assess their job characteristics (i.e., job demands, job control, social support) and orientation toward lifelong learning. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to validate both questionnaires. Hierarchical regression was utilized to explore the relationship of job characteristics and predictors with physicians' lifelong learning. The results revealed that job demands (β = 0.10), job control (β = 0.19), social support from supervisors (β = 0.16), the interaction of job demands × job control (β = - 0.11) and the interaction of job demands × social support from colleagues (β = 0.13) were significantly (p < .05, p < .001) related to lifelong learning. Moreover, physicians in the active group (high demand, high control) possessed a stronger orientation toward lifelong learning (mean = 3.57) than those in the low-strain group (mean = 3.42), high-strain group (mean = 3.39) and passive group (mean = 3.20). In conclusion, examining physicians' job demands, job control and social support helps us to understand their orientation toward lifelong learning and may provide insight to improve educational strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Li Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Ling Chen
- Department and Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Bioethics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1 Jen Ai Road, Section 1, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yuan Chen
- Department and Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Bioethics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1 Jen Ai Road, Section 1, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Yi Cheng
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Li Chen
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chiu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Bioethics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1 Jen Ai Road, Section 1, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Chiu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Bioethics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1 Jen Ai Road, Section 1, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
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Role of Empathy and Lifelong Learning Abilities in Physicians and Nurses Who Work in Direct Contact with Patients in Adverse Working Conditions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19053012. [PMID: 35270702 PMCID: PMC8910215 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19053012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Empathy and lifelong learning are two professional competencies that depend on the four principles of professionalism: humanism, altruism, excellence, and accountability. In occupational health, there is evidence that empathy prevents work distress. However, in the case of lifelong learning, the evidence is still scarce. In addition, recent studies suggest that the development of lifelong learning varies in physicians and nurses and that it is sensitive to the influence of cultural stereotypes associated with professional roles. This study was performed with the purpose of determining the specific role that empathy and lifelong learning play in the reduction in occupational stress. This study included a sample composed by 40 physicians and 40 nurses with high dedication to clinical work in ambulatory consultations from a public healthcare institution in Paraguay. Somatization, exhaustion, and work alienation, described as indicators of occupational stress, were used as dependent variables, whereas empathy, lifelong learning, gender, discipline, professional experience, civil status, and family burden were used as potential predictors. Three multiple regression models explained 32% of the variability of somatization based on a linear relationship with empathy, lifelong learning, and civil status; 73% of the variability of exhaustion based on a linear relationship with empathy, somatization, work alienation, and discipline; and 62% of the variability of work alienation based on a linear relationship with lifelong learning, exhaustion, and discipline. These findings indicate that empathy and lifelong learning play important roles in the prevention of work distress in physicians and nurses. However, this role varies by discipline.
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Röcker N, Lottspeich C, Braun LT, Lenzer B, Frey J, Fischer MR, Schmidmaier R. Implementation of self-directed learning within clinical clerkships. GMS JOURNAL FOR MEDICAL EDUCATION 2021; 38:Doc43. [PMID: 33763528 PMCID: PMC7958912 DOI: 10.3205/zma001439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Background: The main aim of medical curricula is to prepare students for the first day at the work place. While teaching clinical competence is pivotal, clinical clerkships are often the last chance to close knowledge gaps with the help of clinical teachers. Self-directed learning is a dynamic field for research within medical education, though its curricular implementation is rare. This study focuses on the needs assessment of clinical clerkships using the concept of self-directed learning. Methods: The study comprised an educational experience at the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität (LMU) Munich. Medical students (n=1446, 59% female) in their second clinical year were instructed to specify learning objectives (LOs) by Doran`s SMART criteria and to gauge the probability of their fulfilment prior to the mandatory clerkship. In a second questionnaire one week later, the students rated the actual subjective fulfilment of the LOs. Data was coded with regards to the German National Catalogue of Competence-Based Learning Objectives for Undergraduate Medical Education (NKLM) and investigated qualitatively. Factors that determine goal achievement were collected and coded binary (barrier vs. enabler). Univariate analysis was used when appropriate. Results: The acquisition of "clinically practical abilities" (29%), "diagnostic methods" (21%) and "professional communication" (13%) were the LOs mentioned most. Throughout the week, subjective fulfilment diminished. Rich (vs. poor) availability to "practical exercise" (31%), "engagement of the physicians and other medical staff" (27%) and "personal initiative" (23%) resulted in higher subjective fulfilment. Conclusions: The self-chosen LOs reflect the needs of students for which the clinical teacher should be prepared. Considering these findings, it seems possible to close practical training gaps. We support the consideration of establishing curricular anchored self-directed learning in clinical clerkships. Further empirical studies would be beneficial in revealing its positive effects on the learning progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navina Röcker
- Klinikum der Universität München, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Lottspeich
- Klinikum der Universität München, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Munich, Germany
| | - Leah T. Braun
- Klinikum der Universität München, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Munich, Germany
- LMU München, Klinikum der Universität München, Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin, Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Lenzer
- LMU München, Klinikum der Universität München, Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin, Munich, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jessica Frey
- Klinikum der Universität München, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin R. Fischer
- LMU München, Klinikum der Universität München, Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin, Munich, Germany
| | - Ralf Schmidmaier
- Klinikum der Universität München, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Munich, Germany
- LMU München, Klinikum der Universität München, Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin, Munich, Germany
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