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Costa LM, Borges FA, da Silva Cavalcanti MH, do Lago AC, Tarley CRT, de Fátima Lima Martins G, Figueiredo EC. Direct magnetic sorbent sampling flame atomic absorption spectrometry (DMSS-FAAS) for highly sensitive determination of trace metals. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1251:340709. [PMID: 36925273 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A procedure of direct magnetic sorbent sampling in flame atomic absorption spectrometry (DMSS-FAAS) was developed in this work. Metal-loaded magnetic sorbents were directly inserted in the flame of the FAAS for direct metal desorption/atomization. Magnetic graphene oxide aerogel (M-GOA) particles were synthesized, characterized, and used as a proof-of-concept in the magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction of Pb2+ ions from water samples. M-GOA was selected because is a light and porous sorbent, with high adsorption capacity, that is quickly burned by the flame. Magnetic particles were directly inserted in the flame by using a metallic magnetic probe, thereby avoiding the need for a chemical elution step. As all the extracted Pb2+ ions arrive to the flame without passing through the nebulization system, a drastic increase in the analytical signal was achieved. The improvement in the sensitivity of the proposed method (DMSS-FAAS) for Pb2+ determination was at least 40 times higher than the conventional procedure in which the Pb2+ is extracted, eluted, and analyzed by conventional flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) via the nebulization system. The analytical curve was linear from 5.0 to 180.0 μg L-1 and the limit of detection was found to be 1.30 μg L-1. Background measurements were insignificant, and the atomic absorption peaks were narrow and reproducible. Precision assessed as a percentage of the relative standard deviation %RSD was found to be 17.4, 7.1, and 7.8% for 10, 70, and 180 μg L-1 levels, respectively. The method showed satisfactory results even in the presence of other ions (Al3+, Cr3+, Co2+, Cu2+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, and Li+). The performance of the new system was also evaluated for Cd2+ ions, as well as by using other magnetic particles available in our lab: magnetic carbon nanotubes (M-CNTs), magnetic restricted access carbon nanotubes (M-RACNT), magnetic poly (methacrylic acid-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (M-PMA), magnetic nanoparticles coated with orange powder peel (M-OPP), and magnetic nanoparticles covered with SiO2 (M - SiO2). Analytical signals increased for both analytes in all sorbents (increases of about 4-37 times), attesting the high potential and applicability of the proposed method. Simplicity, high analytical frequency, high detectability and reproducibility, low cost, and possibility of being totally mechanized are the most relevant advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucimara Mendonça Costa
- Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, 37130-001, Alfenas, MG, Brazil; Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas, 37130-001, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Alves Borges
- Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, 37130-001, Alfenas, MG, Brazil; Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas, 37130-001, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Ayla Campos do Lago
- Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, 37130-001, Alfenas, MG, Brazil; Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas, 37130-001, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - César Ricardo Teixeira Tarley
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid. 445, Km 380, Londrina, 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Costa Figueiredo
- Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, 37130-001, Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
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Deep eutectic solvent (DES) with silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) based assay for analysis of lead (II) in edible oils. Food Chem 2022; 379:132085. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Planeta K, Kubala-Kukus A, Drozdz A, Matusiak K, Setkowicz Z, Chwiej J. The assessment of the usability of selected instrumental techniques for the elemental analysis of biomedical samples. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3704. [PMID: 33580127 PMCID: PMC7881205 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82179-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The fundamental role of major, minor and trace elements in different physiological and pathological processes occurring in living organism makes that elemental analysis of biomedical samples becomes more and more popular issue. The most often used tools for analysis of the elemental composition of biological samples include Flame and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (F-AAS and GF-AAS), Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Each of these techniques has many advantages and limitations that should be considered in the first stage of planning the measurement procedure. Their reliability can be checked in the validation process and the precision, trueness and detection limits of elements belong to the most frequently determined validation parameters. The main purpose of this paper was the discussion of selected instrumental techniques (F-AAS, GF-AAS, ICP-OES and ICP-MS) in term of the achieved validation parameters and the usefulness in the analysis of biological samples. The focus in the detailed literature studies was also put on the methods of preparation of the biomedical samples. What is more based on the own data the usefulness of the total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy for the elemental analysis of animal tissues was examined. The detection limits of elements, precision and trueness for the technique were determined and compared with the literature data concerning other of the discussed techniques of elemental analysis. Reassuming, the following paper is to serve as a guide and comprehensive source of information concerning the validation parameters achievable in different instrumental techniques used for the elemental analysis of biomedical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Planeta
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aldona Kubala-Kukus
- Institute of Physics, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
- Holly Cross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Drozdz
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Matusiak
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Setkowicz
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Chwiej
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland.
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Yeliz Camcı, Bişgin AT, Sürme Y, Uçan M, Narin İ. Micelle Mediated Extraction and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Determination of Trace Amounts of Copper in Different Mushroom Species. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934820090166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Shah F, Ullah N, Khan RA, Khan AM, Nisar J. Extraction of Lead through Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes and Estimation of the Measurement Uncertainty. ANAL LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2020.1711521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faheem Shah
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turbat, Turbat, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Rafaqat Ali Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Asad Muhammad Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Jan Nisar
- National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Bezerra MA, Ferreira SLC, Novaes CG, dos Santos AMP, Valasques GS, da Mata Cerqueira UMF, dos Santos Alves JP. Simultaneous optimization of multiple responses and its application in Analytical Chemistry – A review. Talanta 2019; 194:941-959. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.10.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Cid F, Kochifas P, Mansilla HD, Santander P, Yáñez J, Amarasiriwardena D. New subcritical fluid nebulizer (ScFN) for improving the determination of inorganic tin in gunshot residues by flame furnace-atomic absorption spectrometry. Microchem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Ren T, Zhao LJ, Sun BS, Zhong RG. Determination of lead, cadmium, copper, and nickel in the tonghui river of beijing, china, by cloud point extraction-high resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2013; 42:1752-1762. [PMID: 25602415 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2013.04.0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination of water has become an important problem in recent years. Most hazardous heavy metals exist in environmental water in trace or ultra-trace amounts, which requires establishing highly sensitive analytical methods. In this research, quantitative analyses were performed using high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry combined with cloud point extraction (CPE) to determine Pb, Cd, Cu, and Ni levels in environmental surface water. By optimizing the CPE conditions, the enrichment factors were 29 for Pb, Cd, and Cu and 25 for Ni. The limits of detection (LOD) were 0.080, 0.010, 0.035, and 0.014 μg L for Pb, Cd, Cu, and Ni, respectively. The sensitivity of the method is comparable with those reported in previous investigations using various methods and improves outcome by 2 to 3 orders of magnitude compared with the LODs of the current national standard methods of China. Our method was used to determine Pb, Cd, Cu, and Ni in 55 water samples collected from the Tonghui River, which is the principal river in the urban area of Beijing, China. The results indicated that the distributions of the four heavy metals in the Tonghui River were related with the environments. The levels of Pb and Ni exhibit increasing trends along the river from upstream to downstream possibly due to the existence of some chemical factories in the downstream area. Lead, Cd, Cu, and Ni averaged 13.9, 0.8, 46.8, and 38.5%, respectively, of the total amount of the determined heavy metals. The levels of the four heavy metals conformed to the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (Grade I) of China. This work provides a reliable quantitative method to determine trace-amount heavy metals in water, which lays a foundation for establishing standards and regulations for environmental water protection.
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Arain SS, Kazi TG, Arain JB, Afridi HI, Brahman KD, Shah F, Arain S, Panhwar AH. Simultaneous preconcentration of toxic elements in artificial saliva extract of smokeless tobacco product, mainpuri by cloud point extraction method. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2013; 92:289-96. [PMID: 23566880 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
It has been extensively investigated that smokeless tobacco chewing can lead mainly to inflammation of oral cavity. In present study, the total and artificial saliva extracted toxic elements, arsenic, cadmium, nickel and lead were estimated in smokeless tobacco product, mainpuri. Cloud point extraction has been used for the preconcentration of arsenic, cadmium, nickel and lead in artificial saliva extract, using complexing reagent, ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate. Total and extractable toxic elements were measured by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. The chemical variables of cloud point extraction were optimized. The validity of methodology was tested by simultaneously analyzing certified reference material (Virginia tobacco leaves) and spike recovery test. The artificial saliva extractable levels of arsenic, cadmium, nickel and lead ranged from 15-22, 45-70, 35-58, and 18-32%, respectively, of total elemental contents in mainpuri samples. It was estimated that intake of 10g of different brands of mainpuri contributing the 5.88, 55.0, 45.0 and 40.3% of the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake for arsenic, cadmium, nickel and lead, respectively for adults of ~60kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Sadia Arain
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, Sindh University, Jamshoro, Sindh 76080, Pakistan.
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Pytlakowska K, Kozik V, Dabioch M. Complex-forming organic ligands in cloud-point extraction of metal ions: a review. Talanta 2013; 110:202-28. [PMID: 23618195 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cloud-point extraction (CPE), an easy, safe, environmentally friendly, rapid and inexpensive methodology for preconcentration and separation of trace metals from aqueous solutions has recently become an attractive area of research and an alternative to liquid-liquid extraction. Moreover, it provides results comparable to those obtained with other separation techniques and has a greater potential to be explored in improving detection limits and other analytical characteristics over other methods. A few reviews have been published covering different aspects of the CPE procedure and its relevant applications, such as the phenomenon of clouding, the application in the extraction of trace inorganic and organic materials, as well as pesticides and protein substrates from different sources, or incorporation of CPE into an FIA system. This review focuses on general properties of the most frequently used organic ligands in cloud-point extraction and on literature data (from 2000 to 2012) concerning the use of modern techniques in determination of metal ions' content in various materials. The article is divided according to the class of organic ligands to be used in CPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Pytlakowska
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
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Gerondi F, Arruda MAZ. Thermospray flame furnace atomic absorption spectrometry for determination of silver in biological materials. Talanta 2012; 97:395-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Shah F, Kazi TG, Afridi HI, Arain MB, Baig JA. Cloud point extraction for determination of lead in blood samples of children, using different ligands prior to analysis by flame atomic absorption spectrometry: a multivariate study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 192:1132-1139. [PMID: 21741171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Revised: 06/04/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The phase-separation phenomenon of non-ionic surfactants occurring in aqueous solution was used for the extraction of lead (Pb(2+)) from digested blood samples after simultaneous complexation with ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (APDC) and diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) separately. The complexed analyte was quantitatively extracted with octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol (Triton X-114). The multivariate strategy was applied to estimate the optimum values of experimental factors. Acidic ethanol was added to the surfactant-rich phase prior to its analysis by flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS). The detection limit value of Pb(2+) for the preconcentration of 10 mL of acid digested blood sample was 1.14 μg L(-1). The accuracy of the proposed methods was assessed by analyzing certified reference material (whole blood). Under the optimized conditions of both CPE methods, 10 mL of Pb(2+) standards (10 μg L(-1)) complexed with APDC and DDTC, permitted the enhancement factors of 56 and 42, respectively. The proposed method was used for determination of Pb(2+) in blood samples of children with kidney disorders and healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faheem Shah
- National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
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13
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Cloud point extraction for determination of cadmium in soft drinks by thermospray flame furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Microchem J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2010.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Escudero LA, Cerutti S, Olsina RA, Salonia JA, Gasquez JA. Factorial design optimization of experimental variables in the on-line separation/preconcentration of copper in water samples using solid phase extraction and ICP-OES determination. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 183:218-223. [PMID: 20692764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 07/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
An on-line preconcentration procedure using solid phase extraction (SPE) for the determination of copper in different water samples by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) is proposed. The copper was retained on a minicolumn filled with ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA) at pH 8.0 without using any complexing reagent. The experimental optimization step was performed using a two-level full factorial design. The results showed that pH, sample loading flow rate, and their interaction (at the tested levels) were statistically significant. In order to determine the best conditions for preconcentration and determination of copper, a final optimization of the significant factors was carried out using a central composite design (CCD). The calibration graph was linear with a regression coefficient of 0.995 at levels near the detection limit up to at least 300 μg L(-1). An enrichment factor (EF) of 54 with a preconcentration time of 187.5 s was obtained. The limit of detection (3σ) was 0.26 μg L(-1). The sampling frequency for the developed methodology was about 15 samples/h. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for six replicates containing 50 μg L(-1) of copper was 3.76%. The methodology was successfully applied to the determination of Cu in tap, mineral, river water samples, and in a certified VKI standard reference material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Escudero
- Area de Química Analítica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, CP D5700BWS, San Luis, Argentina
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Yetimoğlu EK, Urucu OA, Gündüz ZY, Filik H. Selective Determination of Copper in Water Samples by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry after Cloud Point Extraction. ANAL LETT 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710903502132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Thermospray generation directly into a flame furnace—An alternative to improve the detection power in atomic absorption spectrometry. Talanta 2010; 82:437-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ojeda CB, Rojas FS. Separation and preconcentration by a cloud point extraction procedure for determination of metals: an overview. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 394:759-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2660-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Accepted: 01/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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