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Poe D, Seifert S, Servis MJ. Molecular-scale understanding of diluent effects on ligand assembly for metal ion separations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:14108-14121. [PMID: 38568739 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05972c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Use of metal-selective ligands in solvent extraction is instrumental in extraction of critical materials and recycling, yet, diluent effects on extraction performance are not well understood. Experimental and empirical solvent parameters have been proposed to correlate with extraction performance, but are often inadequate predictors. We follow the hypothesis that the diluents' primary influence on extraction efficiency is whether or not it hinders assembly of the bulky extracting ligands into a geometry necessary for metal complexation. This behavior is readily accessible with molecular dynamics (MD), where the atomistic description of molecules can be applied to arbitrary extractant-solvent molecules and their mixtures. Several simulated quantities are considered, from both pairwise and graph theoretical analyses, and compared to experimental distribution ratio data for americium extraction by TODGA in a series of inert, non-interacting diluents. These simple properties, especially the formation of closed triplets corresponding to the 3 : 1 ligand : metal stoichiometric solvate, suggest a potential predictive power of this approach. This methodology provides a path forward to comprehensively understand and predict diluent effects in more complex systems involving different extracting ligands and multi-component diluent mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick Poe
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA.
| | - Soenke Seifert
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Michael J Servis
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA.
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Stemplinger S, Duvail M, Dufrêche JF. Molecular dynamics simulations of Eu(NO3)3 salt with DMDOHEMA in n-alkanes: Unravelling curvature properties in liquid-liquid extraction. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Liu Z, Ren X, Tan R, Chai Z, Wang D. Key Factors Determining Efficiency of Liquid-Liquid Extraction: Implications from Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Biphasic Behaviors of CyMe 4-BTPhen and Its Am(III) Complexes. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:1751-1766. [PMID: 32039594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b08447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
CyMe4-BTPhen (2,9-bis(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,2,4-benzotriazin-3-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline, denoted as L) has been considered as a promising extractant in lanthanide(III)/actinide(III) separation. Vast endeavors in its application put forward a compelling need on the understanding of the underlying mechanism in the liquid-liquid extraction. To address the issue of its dynamics in biphasic systems, we carried out molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of L and its complexes with a heavy f-block metal ion, americium(III) (Am3+) in "oil"/water binary solvents. Two types of organic phases have been considered, differing in the presence of octanol in the bulk n-dodecane or not, and the distribution of the solutes and their interfacial behaviors have been investigated. Two of the key factors that determine the efficiency of a liquid-liquid extraction protocol were delineated and discussed, that is, the appropriate ligand to enhance the lipophilicity of AmL complexes and appropriate way to form ion pairs to minimize the attraction between the complexes and aqueous phase. The simulations showed that the charge states of both ligand and AmL complexes were strongly correlated with their phase behavior, and the migration of neutral species was driven by van der Waals interactions while that of charged species by electrostatic interactions, indicating stronger lipophilicity of the former than the latter. The presence of octanol facilitated the migration of the ligand from the interface to the organic phase via hydrogen bond between its polar head and the ligand or the AmL complexes and constituted a polar core in the organic phase. This work bridged the widely used liquid-liquid extraction technique in chemistry to a fundamental chemical concept, that is, minimization of hydrophilicity and maximization of lipophilicity to facilitate phase transfer from the aqueous phase to the organic phase, and is expected to improve the understanding of dynamics of ligands and their complexes with metal ions and to contribute to the development of efficient protocols for phase transfer of target species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Techniques, Multidisciplinary Initiative Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xu Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Techniques, Multidisciplinary Initiative Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rongri Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Techniques, Multidisciplinary Initiative Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,College of Communication and Electronics, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Zhifang Chai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Techniques, Multidisciplinary Initiative Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, and School of Radiation Medicine and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Dongqi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Techniques, Multidisciplinary Initiative Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Zheng J, Chen Q, Xu J, Wen L, Li F, Zhang L. Effect of Degree of Silicification on Silica/Silicic Acid Binding Cd(II) and Its Mechanism. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:3718-3727. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiewei Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P R China
| | - Quan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P R China
| | - Jianchang Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P R China
| | - Liyang Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P R China
| | - Fangbai Li
- Guangdong Public Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environment and Soil Science, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P R China
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