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Reddy Ramireddy VS, Kurakula R, Velayudhaperumal Chellam P, James A, van Hullebusch ED. Systematic computational toxicity analysis of the ozonolytic degraded compounds of azo dyes: Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and adverse outcome pathway (AOP) based approach. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116142. [PMID: 37217122 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The present study identifies and analyses the degraded products of three azo dyes (Reactive Orange 16, Reactive Red 120, and Direct Red 80) and proffers their in silico toxicity predictions. In our previously published work, the synthetic dye effluents were degraded using an ozonolysis-based Advanced Oxidation Process. In the present study, the degraded products of the three dyes were analysed using GC-MS at endpoint strategy and further subjected to in silico toxicity analysis using Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (TEST), Prediction Of TOXicity of chemicals (ProTox-II), and Estimation Programs Interface Suite (EPI Suite). Several physiological toxicity endpoints, such as hepatotoxicity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, cellular and molecular interactions, were considered to assess the Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) and adverse outcome pathways. The environmental fate of the by-products in terms of their biodegradability and possible bioaccumulation was also assessed. Results of ProTox-II suggested that the azo dye degradation products are carcinogenic, immunotoxic, and cytotoxic and displayed toxicity towards Androgen Receptor and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential. TEST results predicted LC50 and IGC50 values for three organisms Tetrahymena pyriformis, Daphnia magna, and Pimephales promelas. EPISUITE software via the BCFBAF module surmises that the degradation products' bioaccumulation (BAF) and bioconcentration factors (BCF) are high. The cumulative inference of the results suggests that most degradation by-products are toxic and need further remediation strategies. The study aims to complement existing tests to predict toxicity and prioritise the elimination/reduction of harmful degradation products of primary treatment procedures. The novelty of this study is that it streamlines in silico approaches to predict the nature of toxicity of degradation by-products of toxic industrial affluents like azo dyes. These approaches can assist the first phase of toxicology assessments for any pollutant for regulatory decision-making bodies to chalk out appropriate action plans for their remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rakshitha Kurakula
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Anina James
- Department of Zoology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, New Delhi, India.
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Sayegh S, Tanos F, Nada A, Lesage G, Zaviska F, Petit E, Rouessac V, Iatsunskyi I, Coy E, Viter R, Damberga D, Weber M, Razzouk A, Stephan J, Bechelany M. Tunable TiO 2-BN-Pd nanofibers by combining electrospinning and atomic layer deposition to enhance photodegradation of acetaminophen. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:2674-2695. [PMID: 35088785 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03715c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The demand for fresh and clean water sources is increasing globally, and there is a need to develop novel routes to eliminate micropollutants and other harmful species from water. Photocatalysis is a promising alternative green technology that has shown great performance in the degradation of persistent pollutants. Titanium dioxide is the most used catalyst owing to its attractive physico-chemical properties, but this semiconductor presents limitations in the photocatalysis process due to the high band gap and the fast recombination of the photogenerated carriers. Herein, a novel photocatalyst has been developed, based on titanium dioxide nanofibers (TiO2 NFs) synthesized by electrospinning. The TiO2 NFs were coated by atomic layer deposition (ALD) to grow boron nitride (BN) and palladium (Pd) on their surface. The UV-Vis spectroscopy measurements confirmed the increase of the band gap and the extension of the spectral response to the visible range. The obtained TiO2/BN/Pd nanofibers were then tested for photocatalysis, and showed a drastic increase of acetaminophen (ACT) degradation (>90%), compared to only 20% degradation obtained with pure TiO2 after 4 h of visible light irradiation. The high photocatalytic activity was attributed to the good dispersion of Pd NPs on TiO2-BN nanofibers, leading to a higher transfer of photoexcited hole carriers and a decrease of photogenerated electron-charge recombination. To confirm its reusability, recycling tests on the hybrid photocatalyst TiO2/BN/Pd have been performed, showing a good stability over 5 cycles under UV and visible light. In addition, toxicity tests as well as quenching tests were carried out to check the toxicity of the byproducts formed and to determine active species responsible for the degradation. The results presented in this work demonstrate the potential of TiO2/BN/Pd nanomaterials, and open new prospects for the preparation of tunable photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syreina Sayegh
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
- Laboratoire d'Analyses Chimiques, LAC - Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Jdeidet 90656, Lebanon
| | - Fida Tanos
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
- Laboratoire d'Analyses Chimiques, LAC - Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Jdeidet 90656, Lebanon
| | - Amr Nada
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
- Department of Analysis and Evaluation, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Cairo, 11727, Egypt
| | - Geoffroy Lesage
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
| | - François Zaviska
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
| | - Eddy Petit
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
| | - Vincent Rouessac
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
| | - Igor Iatsunskyi
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Emerson Coy
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Roman Viter
- Institut of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, Rainis Blvd., LV-1586, Riga, Latvia
- Center for Collective Use of Scientific Equipment, Sumy State University, 31, Sanatornaya st, 40018 Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Daina Damberga
- Institut of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, Rainis Blvd., LV-1586, Riga, Latvia
| | - Matthieu Weber
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LMGP, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Antonio Razzouk
- Laboratoire d'Analyses Chimiques, LAC - Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Jdeidet 90656, Lebanon
| | - Juliette Stephan
- Laboratoire d'Analyses Chimiques, LAC - Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Jdeidet 90656, Lebanon
| | - Mikhael Bechelany
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
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