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Falakfarsa G, Brand D, Bensemann J, Jones L, Miguel CF, Heinicke MR, Mason MA. A parametric analysis of procedural fidelity errors following mastery of a task: A translational study. J Appl Behav Anal 2023. [PMID: 37157109 DOI: 10.1002/jaba.992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Procedural fidelity is defined as the extent to which the independent variable is implemented as prescribed. Research using computerized tasks has shown that fidelity errors involving consequences for behavior can hinder skill acquisition. However, studies examining the effects of these errors once skills have been mastered are lacking. Thus, this translational study investigated the effects of varying levels of fidelity following mastery of a computerized arbitrary matching-to-sample task. A group design (consisting of five groups) was used in which college students initially completed 250 trials during which no programmed errors (i.e., perfect fidelity) were arranged, followed by an additional 250 trials with consequences delivered across various levels of fidelity (i.e., 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% of trials administered without errors). The results showed that participants assigned to higher fidelity conditions performed better (on average). These results extended the findings of previous studies by demonstrating how errors involving consequences affect behavior across various stages of learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galan Falakfarsa
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Denys Brand
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Joshua Bensemann
- University of Auckland, School of Computer Science, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lea Jones
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Caio F Miguel
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Megan R Heinicke
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Makenna A Mason
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Grill M, Pousette A, Björnsdotter A. Managerial Behavioral Training For Functional Leadership: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/01608061.2023.2171174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Grill
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Psychology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Pousette
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Psychology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Bird F, Shlesinger A, Duhanyan K, Luiselli JK. Data recording of seizures in children with autism spectrum disorder: description and social validation of computer-assisted measurement. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2022; 70:625-631. [PMID: 38983490 PMCID: PMC11229712 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2022.2123200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Some children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience seizures and associated staring episodes, loss of consciousness, weakened muscle tone, and myoclonic jerking. Data recording of seizure frequency, duration, and co-occurring behavior is necessary to document the effects of anti-epileptic medications, identify contextual influences on seizure expression, and differentiate seizures from other movement disorders. We describe the design and operation of a computer-assisted system for recording seizures among children with ASD in a social validity study that revealed uniform approval and acceptance of the system from practitioners, clinicians, and nurse (N = 22), parents (N = 11), and neurologists (N = 7). The objectives and benefits of targeting the social validity of technology-based seizure tracking are discussed are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Bird
- Clinical Services, Melmark, Berwyn, PA, USA
| | - Andew Shlesinger
- Clinical Development and Research, Melmark New England, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly Duhanyan
- Clinical Development and Research, Melmark New England, Andover, MA, USA
| | - James K Luiselli
- Clinical Development and Research, Melmark New England, Andover, MA, USA
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Ludwig TD, Laske MM. Behavioral Safety: An Efficacious Application of Applied Behavior Analysis to Reduce Human Suffering. JOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01608061.2022.2108536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D. Ludwig
- Appalachian State University, Department of Psychology, Boone, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew M. Laske
- University of Kansas, Department of Applied Behavioral Science, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
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Wilder D, Cymbal D. Pinpointing, measurement, procedural integrity, and maintenance in organizational behavior management. JOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01608061.2022.2108537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Johnson DA, Ferguson R. On Terms within Organizational Behavior Management. JOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01608061.2022.2099504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachael Ferguson
- Florida Institute of Technology, School of Behavior Analysis, Melbourne, Florida, USA
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Hayashi Y, Fisher NM, Hantula DA, Furman L, Washio Y. A behavioral economic demand analysis of mothers' decision to exclusively breastfeed in the workplace. J Exp Anal Behav 2022; 118:132-147. [PMID: 35607847 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The present study determined whether behavioral economic demand analysis could characterize mothers' decision to exclusively breastfeed in the workplace. Females, aged between 18 and 50 who have given birth in the past three years, completed a novel demand task with hypothetical scenarios, in which they returned to work with a 2-month-old baby. Participants rated their likelihood of breastfeeding their baby at a workplace lactation room versus formula-feeding their baby at their desk. The distance to the lactation room ranged from 10 s to 60 min. This assessment was conducted with and without hypothetical financial incentives for 6-month exclusive breastfeeding. Primary dependent measures were demand intensity and change in demand elasticity, which could conceptually represent initiation and continuation of breastfeeding, respectively. Demand for breastfeeding was more intense and less elastic (i.e., more likely to initiate and continue breastfeeding) among mothers with an experience of 6-month exclusive breastfeeding and under the condition with the financial incentives. The novel demand task can potentially provide a useful behavioral marker for quantifying mothers' decision to initiate and continue exclusive breastfeeding in the workplace, informing workplace policy regarding lactation rooms, identifying risk for early cessation, and developing and individualizing an intervention to assist mothers to exclusively breastfeed in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Hayashi
- Division of Social Sciences and Education, Pennsylvania State University, Hazleton
| | - Nicole M Fisher
- Division of Social Sciences and Education, Pennsylvania State University, Hazleton
| | | | - Lydia Furman
- Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital
| | - Yukiko Washio
- Substance Use, Gender and Applied Research, RTI International.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine
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Simonian MJ, Brand D. Assessing the efficacy of and preference for positive and corrective feedback. J Appl Behav Anal 2022; 55:727-745. [PMID: 35297040 DOI: 10.1002/jaba.911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Feedback is an effective strategy for improving performance and consists of multiple characteristics. One characteristic that can influence feedback efficacy is its nature (whether feedback is positive or corrective) and little is known about the conditions under which individuals may prefer corrective over positive feedback. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of and preference for positive and corrective feedback during the acquisition of novel tasks. In the first phase, participants received either positive, corrective, or no feedback across three novel tasks. Participants only mastered the task in which they received corrective feedback. In the second phase, participants chose to receive either positive or corrective feedback after completing trials of the previous phase's control task. All participants chose to receive corrective feedback more frequently than positive feedback. We discuss the implications of the results for feedback delivery in the workplace and provide suggestions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Denys Brand
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Sacramento
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Luiselli JK, Gardner RM, Bird F, Maguire H, Harper JM. Organizational behavior management in human services settings: Conducting and disseminating research that improves client outcomes, employee performance, and systems development. JOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01608061.2022.2027319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James K. Luiselli
- Melmark New England, 461 River Road, Andover, Massachusetts, 01810, USA
| | - Rita M. Gardner
- Melmark New England, 461 River Road, Andover, Massachusetts, 01810, USA
| | - Frank Bird
- Melmark New England, 461 River Road, Andover, Massachusetts, 01810, USA
| | - Helena Maguire
- Melmark New England, 461 River Road, Andover, Massachusetts, 01810, USA
| | - Jill M. Harper
- Melmark New England, 461 River Road, Andover, Massachusetts, 01810, USA
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