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Antonsson H, Björk S, Rezai E, Sehlstedt C, Molin J. Monitoring Persons' Rights to Equal Care: Registered Nurses' Experiences of Caring for People with Mental Ill-Health and Somatic Comorbidity in Psychiatric Outpatient Care. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2024; 45:630-638. [PMID: 38652917 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2024.2335915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Persons with severe mental ill-health die early from preventable physical ill-health. Registered nurses in psychiatric outpatient care play a key role in improving persons' physical health, and it is important to examine how they view their responsibility, their experiences of care, and the obstacles they meet in providing person-centred care. The purpose of this study was to explore registered nurses' experiences of caring for persons with mental ill-health and somatic comorbidity in psychiatric outpatient care, using qualitative content analysis to analyze data from semi-structured interviews. The results show that these nurses monitored the person's right to equal care, embraced the whole of the persons suffering, and dealt with unclear boundaries in care. This highlights the unique role that registered nurses play in psychiatric outpatient care via their ability to interpret symptoms and find ways to adapt care based on persons' needs. Registered nurses consider physical health in all care and provide a link between psychiatric and somatic care. Together with mental health nurses at primary health care centers, they are key in reducing persons' suffering. There is a need for structural and functional changes in line with person-centred care including collaboration both within and outside healthcare organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabine Björk
- Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Emma Rezai
- Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Jenny Molin
- Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, Division of Psychiatry, Umeå, Sweden
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Granjard A, Mihailovic M, Amato C, Kazemitabar M, Lucchese F, Jacobsson C, Kijima N, Garcia D. Occupation and life satisfaction among individuals with mental illness: the mediation role of self-reported psychophysiological health. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10829. [PMID: 33575134 PMCID: PMC7849504 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Unemployment can diminish physical, psychological and social health. In this context, research shows that people with mental illness have even more difficulties finding occupation. Thus, some countries, such as Sweden, strive after creating job opportunities for this specific group. We investigated the effect of having an occupation on life satisfaction among individuals with mental illness and whether self-reported physical and psychological health mediated the relationship between being (un)employed and life satisfaction. Method Two-hundred eighty-seven individuals (148 males, 134 females, and 5 missing information) with mental illness, who received support and services from Swedish Municipalities in Blekinge, self-reported occupation, life satisfaction, and physical and psychological health. Results Participants who reported having an occupation reported also significantly higher levels of life satisfaction, physical health, and psychological health compared to those without occupation. Nevertheless, these differences were rather small (Eta2 < 0.06). Moreover, the indirect effect of having an occupation on life satisfaction through physical and psychological health was significant. Finally, the total indirect effect of physical and psychological health (i.e., psychophysiological health) accounted for 53% of the total effect of having an occupation on life satisfaction. Conclusion For individuals with mental illness there seems to be an almost equal importance of indirect and direct effects of having an occupation on their levels of life satisfaction. More specifically, while there are differences in life satisfaction within this population in relation to having an occupation, having an occupation leads to the sense of good psychophysiological health, which in turn helps individuals with mental illness to feel satisfied with their lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Granjard
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Blekinge Centre of Competence, Region Blekinge, Karlskrona, Sweden.,Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, Network for Well-Being, France
| | - Marko Mihailovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, Network for Well-Being, USA
| | - Clara Amato
- Blekinge Centre of Competence, Region Blekinge, Karlskrona, Sweden.,Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, Network for Well-Being, Italy
| | - Maryam Kazemitabar
- Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, Network for Well-Being, Iran
| | - Franco Lucchese
- Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, Network for Well-Being, Italy.,Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Nobuhiko Kijima
- Faculty of Business and Commerce, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.,Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI), Network for Well-Being, Japan
| | - Danilo Garcia
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Blekinge Centre of Competence, Region Blekinge, Karlskrona, Sweden.,Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Centre for Ethics, Law and Mental Health (CELAM), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, Network for Well-Being, Sweden
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3
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Svensson K, Hagström J, Blomqvist M, Jormfeldt H. "Waiting in the Wings"-Next-of-Kin's Experiences of Lifestyle Interventions for People with Schizophrenia. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2020; 41:832-839. [PMID: 32421461 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2020.1731026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
People with schizophrenia have an increased risk of experiencing physical ill health and thus risk premature death. It is important to gain knowledge about the next-of-kin's experiences of lifestyle interventions in order to increase the understanding of the development of health promotion. This study aimed to describe the experiences of next-of-kin of lifestyle interventions for people with schizophrenia. Ten next-of-kin to people diagnosed with schizophrenia were interviewed and content analysis was used to analyze the data. Three categories emerged in the analysis: Low prioritization of physical health, Patients' needs for motivational support and Next-of-kin's' limited and distant participation. Mental health nurses need a holistic view of human beings and to include the patients' physical health and the role of the family in their responsibilities. Further studies are needed that focus on the views of the next-of-kin and the staff from the mental health services about the care and support needs for promoting physical health in this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Svensson
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Clinic in Varberg, Region Halland, Sweden
| | - Johanna Hagström
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Clinic in Varberg, Region Halland, Sweden
| | - Marjut Blomqvist
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
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Blomqvist M, Ivarsson A, Carlsson IM, Sandgren A, Jormfeldt H. Health Effects of an Individualized Lifestyle Intervention for People with Psychotic Disorders in Psychiatric Outpatient Services: A Two Year Follow-up. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2019; 40:839-850. [PMID: 31393742 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2019.1642425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
People with psychotic disorders experience to a great extent avoidable physical illnesses and early mortality. The aim of the study was to investigate the potential effects for this group of participating in a lifestyle intervention. A multi-component nurse-led lifestyle intervention using quasi-experimental design was performed. Changes in biomedical and clinical measurements, self-reported health, symptoms of illness and health behavior were investigated. Multilevel modeling was used to statistically test differences in changes over time. Statistically significant changes were found in physical activity, HbA1c and waist circumference. A lifestyle intervention for people with severe mental illness can be beneficial for increasing physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjut Blomqvist
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University , Halmstad , Sweden
| | - Andreas Ivarsson
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University , Halmstad , Sweden
| | | | - Anna Sandgren
- Center for Collaborative Palliative Care, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University , Växjö , Sweden
| | - Henrika Jormfeldt
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University , Halmstad , Sweden
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current review examines the recent literature on the causes of premature mortality in schizophrenia. RECENT FINDINGS People with schizophrenia have higher premature mortality rates compared with the general population. Suicides and accidents account for a nontrivial part of the excess mortality, but the largest part is attributable to natural causes of death. Five major causes have been identified: first, adverse effects of medication; second, suboptimal lifestyle; third, somatic comorbidity; fourth, suboptimal treatment of somatic disorders; and fifth, accelerated ageing/genetic explanations. The positive aspect is that people with schizophrenia have increasing life expectancy, at least in high-income countries, and this development seems to largely follow the increase in the general population. Especially mortality rates from unnatural causes appear to have a positive impact. Nevertheless, despite more than 100 years of research and progress, the excess mortality in persons with schizophrenia remains unacceptably high, with no prospects of reaching the level in the general population. SUMMARY The excess mortality in schizophrenia has received much focus. Future studies should explore the reasons for the high rates of natural causes of death, while aiming to disentangle the complex interplay between medication, lifestyle, comorbidity, treatment of somatic disorders, and genetic effects.
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Lundström S, Jormfeldt H, Hedman Ahlström B, Skärsäter I. Health-related lifestyle and perceived health among people with severe mental illness: Gender differences and degree of sense of coherence. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2019; 33:182-188. [PMID: 30927988 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
People with severe mental illness (SMI) experience an increased risk of physical ill health and premature death, which appears to be partly related to unhealthy lifestyle habits. The aim of this study was to describe the distribution of health-related lifestyle habits and perceived health among people with severe mental illness. A further aim was to explore if there were any gender differences or differences based on degree of sense of coherence. The study adopted a cross-sectional design based on data from 65 people with SMI. The results show that degree of Sense of Coherence (SOC) does have relevance for perceived health and for dimensions of Quality of Life (QOL). Furthermore, among the participants with strong SOC, there were less daily smokers and they seemed to have less sedentary leisure time than those with low SOC. Men reported more anxiety/depression than women and women ate fruit more often than men, otherwise there were no gender differences. In comparison with the general population, people with SMI show a higher Body Mass Index are more sedentary, more often daily smokers, have lower SOC and perceive a lower QOL. This emphasizes the importance of health-promotion support that focuses on lifestyle changes, and support for strengthening SOC and QOL for people with SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Lundström
- Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad, Sweden.
| | | | | | - Ingela Skärsäter
- Halmstad University, School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad, Sweden
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