1
|
Lv Y, Liu Z, Deng L, Xia S, Mu Q, Xiao B, Xiu Y, Liu Z. Hesperetin promotes bladder cancer cells death via the PI3K/AKT pathway by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1009. [PMID: 38200039 PMCID: PMC10781778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50476-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with bladder cancer (BLCA) still show high recurrence after surgery and chemotherapy. Hesperetin (HE), as a natural compound, has attracted researchers' attention due to its low toxicity and easy access. However, the inhibitory effect of HE on BLCA remains unknown. The hub genes and enrichment pathways regulated by HE in the treatment of BLCA were predicted by network pharmacology. The molecular docking of HE and hub proteins was visualized. Colony and CCK8 assays were used to test cell proliferation, and BLCA migration was confirmed by transwell and wound healing assays. In addition, the occurrence of apoptosis and ferroptosis was demonstrated by Hoechst staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ROS (reactive oxygen species) assay. Western Blotting was performed to validate the hub proteins, target functions and pathways. SRC, PIK3R1 and MAPK1 were identified as hub targets for HE in BLCA, involving the PI3k/AKT pathway. Furthermore, HE inhibited the proliferation and migration of BLCA cells. The MMP2/MMP9 proteins were significantly inhibited by HE. The increased expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 indicated that HE could promote BLCA cell apoptosis. In addition, Hoechst staining revealed concentrated and illuminated apoptotic nuclei. The activation of ROS and the decline of GPX4 expression suggested that HE might induce ferroptosis as an anti-BLCA process. Shrunk mitochondria and apoptotic bodies were observed in BLCA cells treated with HE, with reduced or absent mitochondrial cristae. We propose for the first time that HE could inhibit the proliferation and migration of BLCA cells and promote apoptosis and ferroptosis. HE may act by targeting proteins such as SRC, PIK3R1 and MAPK1 and the PI3K/AKT pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lv
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhonghao Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Leihong Deng
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shunyao Xia
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qingchun Mu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Bang Xiao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Youcheng Xiu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zan Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Postal Street, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hassan AK, El-Kalaawy AM, Abd El-Twab SM, Alblihed MA, Ahmed OM. Hesperetin and Capecitabine Abate 1,2 Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Wistar Rats via Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Enhancing Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Apoptotic Actions. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040984. [PMID: 37109513 PMCID: PMC10146346 DOI: 10.3390/life13040984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is a major cause of cancer-related death, with significantly increasing rates of incidence worldwide. The current study was designed to evaluate the anti-carcinogenic effects of hesperetin (HES) alone and in combination with capecitabine (CAP) on 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis in Wistar rats. The rats were given DMH at 20 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)/week for 12 weeks and were orally treated with HES (25 mg/kg b.w.) and/or CAP (200 mg/kg b.w.) every other day for 8 weeks. The DMH-administered rats exhibited colon-mucosal hyperplastic polyps, the formation of new glandular units and cancerous epithelial cells. These histological changes were associated with the significant upregulation of colon Ki67 expression and the elevation of the tumor marker, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), in the sera. The treatment of the DMH-administered rats with HES and/or CAP prevented these histological cancerous changes concomitantly with the decrease in colon-Ki67 expression and serum-CEA levels. The results also indicated that the treatments with HES and/or CAP showed a significant reduction in the serum levels of lipid peroxides, an elevation in the serum levels of reduced glutathione, and the enhancement of the activities of colon-tissue superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase. Additionally, the results showed an increase in the mRNA expressions of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-4, as well as the proapoptotic protein, p53, in the colon tissues of the DMH-administered rats treated with HES and/or CAP. The TGF-β1 decreased significantly in the DMH-administered rats and this effect was counteracted by the treatments with HES and/or CAP. Based on these findings, it can be suggested that both HES and CAP, singly or in combination, have the potential to exert chemopreventive effects against DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis via the suppression of oxidative stress, the stimulation of the antioxidant defense system, the attenuation of inflammatory effects, the reduction in cell proliferation and the enhancement of apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa K Hassan
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M El-Kalaawy
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Sanaa M Abd El-Twab
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Alblihed
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Novinbahador T, Araj-Khodaei M, Mahdavi M. Evidence for Hesperidin as an Effective Factor in Initiating the Intrinsic Pathway of Apoptosis in KG1a Leukemia Cells. Int J Toxicol 2023; 42:165-171. [PMID: 36534417 DOI: 10.1177/10915818221146468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common subtype of leukemia, accounting for 62% of all leukemia fatalities. As a polyphenol glycoside, hesperidin triggers the apoptotic pathway, which might positively affect combating cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the pro-apoptotic effects of hesperidin in KG1a cells. The MTT assay was used to determine the IC50 of hesperidin in KG1a cell lines. For the apoptotic cell morphology study, we used Hoechst 33 258 staining. Activation of the caspase-3 enzyme was evaluated by the caspase-3 assay and spectrophotometry. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. Moreover, p21, survivin, Bax, and Bcl2 gene expression was investigated by real-time PCR. Hesperidin decreased the viability of KG1a leukemic cell4s, but not that of HFF2, a non-cancer cell line. Apoptotic cell morphological alterations and increase in caspase-3 activity were observed after hesperidin treatment. Our results revealed that the expression of anti-apoptotic genes survivin and Bcl2 significantly decreased with hesperidin treatment, and pro-apoptotic gene Bax and cell cycle regulator p21 increased compared to the control group. These findings revealed that hesperidin may be an effective factor in initiating the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and may be good candidate for the treatment of AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tannaz Novinbahador
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, 56947University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mostafa Araj-Khodaei
- Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Mahdavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, 56947University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hesperetin Induces Autophagy and Delayed Apoptosis by Modulating the AMPK/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Human Leukemia Cells In Vitro. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1587-1600. [PMID: 36826047 PMCID: PMC9954895 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hesperetin has been reported to have anticancer properties. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its action on leukemia cells remain unclear. This in vitro study evaluated the possible mechanisms of hesperetin in leukemia cells (HL-60 and U937). METHODS Cell viability was evaluated using a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Apoptosis and autophagy assays were conducted through annexin V/PI staining and acidic vesicular organelle (AVO) staining. Cell cycle analysis was conducted through propidium iodide (PI) and flow cytometry. The expression of proteins related to apoptosis and autophagy, including cleaved-PARP-1, Bcl-2, Bax, LC3-I/II, Beclin-1, Atg5, p62, phospho-AMPK, AMPK, phospho-mTOR, mTOR, phospho-Akt, and Akt, in human leukemia cells were evaluated using Western blotting. RESULTS Hesperetin dose-dependently inhibited leukemia cell viability. However, we found a low degree of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest induced by hesperetin in U937 cells. These findings imply the presence of additional mechanisms modulating hesperetin-induced cell death. Next, we evaluated autophagy, the possible mechanism modulating cell death or survival, to clarify the underlying mechanism of hesperetin-induced cell death. Hesperetin also dose-dependently increased the ratio of LC3II/I, Atg5, and Beclin 1 and decreased p62. Moreover, 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and bafilomycin A1 (Baf-A1) inhibited hesperetin-induced autophagy. We suggest that hesperetin can protect cancer cells during the transient period and may extend survival. Furthermore, a decrease in p-mTOR and p-Akt expression and an increase in p-AMPK expression were observed. Collectively, these findings suggest that hesperetin induces autophagy by modulating the AMPK/Akt/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSION Hesperetin promoted cell death in the human leukemic cell line U937 by inducing a low degree of slight apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and autophagy. It is therefore a potential adjuvant to antileukemia therapy and may be combined with other chemotherapeutic drugs to reduce chemoresistance and side effects.
Collapse
|
5
|
Sharma P, Mondal H, Mondal S, Majumder R. Recent updates on the role of phytochemicals in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:S513-S522. [PMID: 38384013 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1241_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACTS Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant type of glioma. This malignant brain tumor is a devastating disease and is often fatal. The spectrum of illness and poor prognosis associated with brain tumors extract a terrible toll on patients and their families. The inoperability of these tumors and resistance to radiation and chemotherapy contribute to the fatal outcome of this disease. Thus, scientists are hunting for the new drug candidate and safer chemoprevention, especially the phytochemicals that possess potent anti-tumor properties. We have summarized the cellular and biochemical impacts of different phytochemicals that can successfully encounter GBM via induction of apoptosis and active interference in different cell and molecular pathways associated with GBM in brain tumors. The in silico predictive model determining the blood-brain barrier permeability of the compound and their potential druggability are discussed in the review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pramita Sharma
- Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Himel Mondal
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - Shaikat Mondal
- Department of Physiology, Raiganj Government Medical College, Raiganj, West Bengal, India
| | - Rabindranath Majumder
- Centre of Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Malik P, Bernela M, Seth M, Kaushal P, Mukherjee TK. Recent Progress in the Hesperetin Delivery Regimes: Significance of Pleiotropic Actions and Synergistic Anticancer Efficacy. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:2954-2976. [PMID: 38173051 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128253609231030070414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the plant kingdom, flavonoids are widely distributed with multifunctional immunomodulatory actions. Hesperetin (HST) remains one of the well-studied compounds in this domain, initially perceived in citrus plants as an aglycone derivative of hesperidin (HDN). OBSERVATIONS Natural origin, low in vivo toxicity, and pleiotropic functional essence are the foremost fascinations for HST use as an anticancer drug. However, low aqueous solubility accompanied with a prompt degradation by intestinal and hepatocellular enzymes impairs HST physiological absorption. MOTIVATION Remedies attempted herein comprise the synthesis of derivatives and nanocarrier (NC)-mediated delivery. As the derivative synthesis aggravates the structural complexity, NC-driven HST delivery has emerged as a sustainable approach for its sustained release. Recent interest in HST has been due to its significant anticancer potential, characterized via inhibited cell division (proliferation), new blood vessel formation (angiogenesis), forceful occupation of neighboring cell's space (invasion), migration to erstwhile physiological locations (metastasis) and apoptotic induction. The sensitization of chemotherapeutic drugs (CDs) by HST is driven via stoichiometrically regulated synergistic actions. Purpose and Conclusion: This article sheds light on HST structure-function correlation and pleiotropic anticancer mechanisms, in unaided and NC-administered delivery in singular and with CDs synergy. The discussion could streamline the HST usefulness and long-term anticancer efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parth Malik
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Manju Bernela
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143001, India
| | - Mahima Seth
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Priya Kaushal
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mai A, Ye S, Tu J, Gao J, Kang Z, Yao Q, Ting W. Thymoquinone induces apoptosis in temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma cells via the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:90-100. [PMID: 36176197 PMCID: PMC10087852 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and deliver methyl groups to the purine (guanine) bases of DNA, leading to mispairing during DNA replication and subsequent cell death. However, increased expression of the repair enzyme methyl guanine methyltransferase (MGMT), which removes methyl groups from purine bases, counteracts methylation by TMZ. We evaluated the anticancer potential of thymoquinone (TQ), a hydrophobic flavonoid that inhibits resistance and induces apoptosis in various cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro experiments showed that compared with the Hs683 and M059J cell lines, U251 cells were more sensitive to TMZ. Compared to U251 cells, U251R cells, a TMZ drug-resistant strain established in this study, are characterized by increased expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) and MGMT. TQ treatments induced apoptosis in all cell lines. The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signal pathway was mainly activated in U251 and U251R cells; however, p-ERK and MGMT upregulation could not suppress TQ effects. Furthermore, si-p38 pretreatment of U251R cells in TQ treatments inhibited cell apoptosis. We speculate that TQ contributed to the phosphorylation and activation of p38, but not of ERK-induced apoptosis (irrespective of TMZ resistance). In vivo, U251R-derived tumors subcutaneously inoculated in nude mice exhibited significant tumor volume reduction after TQ or TQ + TMZ cotreatments. High-performance liquid chromatography assay confirmed the presence of TQ in murine brain tissues. Our findings demonstrate that TQ can effectively cross the BBB and function alone or in combination with TMZ to treat glioblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ai Mai
- Biomedicine Research CentreThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shu‐Wen Ye
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jia‐Yu Tu
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhan‐Fang Kang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qian‐Ming Yao
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of NeurosurgeryAffiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wei‐Jen Ting
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lu Z, Xia Q, Cheng Y, Lu Q, Li Y, Zeng N, Luan X, Li Y, Fan L, Luo D. Hesperetin attenuates UVA-induced photodamage in human dermal fibroblast cells. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:6261-6269. [PMID: 35816390 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation causes skin damage. Recently, natural compounds have become an interest to protect skin from UV-induced photodamages. METHODS In this study, we investigated the protective effects of hesperetin, a citrus flavonoid, on UVA-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and photoaging. RESULTS Our results showed that hesperetin increased the cell viability, suppressed the intracellular ROS levels, and decreased the expression of MMPs including MMP-1 and MMP-3, pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and COX-2 in UVA-irradiated HDFs. Besides, hesperetin exerted an anti-apoptotic effect by increasing expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and decreasing expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax. Moreover, these anti-photodamage effects were mediated by inhibition of ERK, p38/AP-1, and NF-κb/p65 phosphorylation. CONCLUSION Therefore, hesperetin may be useful in the prevention of UVA-induced skin damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Lu
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingyue Xia
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxin Cheng
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yueyue Li
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ni Zeng
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingbao Luan
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lipan Fan
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of dermatology, The first affiliated hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Involvement of Phytochemical-Encapsulated Nanoparticles' Interaction with Cellular Signalling in the Amelioration of Benign and Malignant Brain Tumours. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113561. [PMID: 35684498 PMCID: PMC9182026 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Brain tumours have unresolved challenges that include delay prognosis and lower patient survival rate. The increased understanding of the molecular pathways underlying cancer progression has aided in developing various anticancer medications. Brain cancer is the most malignant and invasive type of cancer, with several subtypes. According to the WHO, they are classified as ependymal tumours, chordomas, gangliocytomas, medulloblastomas, oligodendroglial tumours, diffuse astrocytomas, and other astrocytic tumours on the basis of their heterogeneity and molecular mechanisms. The present study is based on the most recent research trends, emphasising glioblastoma cells classified as astrocytoma. Brain cancer treatment is hindered by the failure of drugs to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB), which is highly impregnableto foreign molecule entry. Moreover, currently available medications frequently fail to cross the BBB, whereas chemotherapy and radiotherapy are too expensive to be afforded by an average incomeperson and have many associated side effects. When compared to our current understanding of molecularly targeted chemotherapeutic agents, it appears that investigating the efficacy of specific phytochemicals in cancer treatment may be beneficial. Plants and their derivatives are game changers because they are efficacious, affordable, environmentally friendly, faster, and less toxic for the treatment of benign and malignant tumours. Over the past few years, nanotechnology has made a steady progress in diagnosing and treating cancers, particularly brain tumours. This article discusses the effects of phytochemicals encapsulated in nanoparticles on molecular targets in brain tumours, along with their limitations and potential challenges.
Collapse
|
10
|
Biswas M, Das A, Basu S. Flavonoids: The Innocuous Agents Offering Protection Against Alzheimer's Disease Through Modulation Of Proinflammatory And Apoptotic Pathways. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:769-789. [PMID: 35352661 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220330011645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beginning from mild cognitive impairment in patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia sets in with the progress of the disease. The pathological changes in the brain begin fifteen to twenty years before AD related dementia develops. Presence of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are considered the hallmarks of AD brain. Chronic inflammation resulting from the disruption of equilibrium between anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory signalling emerges as another important feature of AD and also other neurodegenerative diseases. Substantial studies demonstrate that this sustained immune response in the brain is associated with neuronal loss, along with facilitation and aggravation of Aβ and NFT pathologies. Although it is well accepted that neuroinflammation and oxidative stress have both detrimental and beneficial influences on the brain tissues, the involvement of microglia and astrocytes in the onset and progress of the neurodegenerative process in AD is becoming increasingly recognized. The cause of neuronal loss, although, is known to be apoptosis, the mechanism of promotion of neuronal death remains undisclosed. OBJECTIVE Controlling the activation of the resident immune cells and/or the excessive production of pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant factors could be effective as therapeutics. Among the phytonutrients, the neuroprotective role of flavonoids is beyond doubt. This review is an exploration of literature on the role of flavonoids in these aspects. CONCLUSION Flavonoids are not only effective in ameliorating the adverse consequences of oxidative stress but also impede the development of late onset Alzheimer's disease by modulating affected signalling pathways and boosting signalling crosstalk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Biswas
- Department of Microbiology, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 7000019, West Bengal, India
| | - Aritrajoy Das
- Department of Microbiology, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 7000019, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumalee Basu
- Department of Microbiology, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 7000019, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sohel M, Sultana H, Sultana T, Al Amin M, Aktar S, Ali MC, Rahim ZB, Hossain MA, Al Mamun A, Amin MN, Dash R. Chemotherapeutic potential of hesperetin for cancer treatment, with mechanistic insights: A comprehensive review. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08815. [PMID: 35128104 PMCID: PMC8810372 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer has become a significant concern in the medical sector with increasing disease complexity. Although some available conventional treatments are still a blessing for cancer patients, short-and long-term adverse effects and poor efficiency make it more difficult to treat cancer patients, demonstrating the need for new potent and selective anticancer drugs. In search of potent anticancer agents, naturally occurring compounds have always been admired due to their structural diversity, where Hesperetin (HSP) may be one of the potent candidates. PURPOSE We aimed to summarize all sources, pharmacological properties, anticancer activities of HSP against numerous cancers types through targeting multiple pathological processes, mechanism of HSP on sensitizing the current anti-cancer agents and other phytochemicals, overcoming resistance pattern and determining absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADME/Tox). METHODS Information was retrieved from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar based on some key points like Hesperetin, cancer name, anticancer resistance, nanoformulation, and ADME/Tox was determined by in silico approaches. RESULT HSP is a phytoestrogen present in citrus fruits in a high concentration (several hundred mg/kg) and exhibited anti-cancer activities through interfering at several pathways. HSP can suppress tumor formation by targeting several cellular proteins such as cell cycle regulatory, apoptosis, metastatic, tyrosine kinase, growth factor receptor, estrogen metabolism, and antioxidant-related protein.HSP has shown remarkable synergistic properties in combination therapy and has been reported to overcome multidrug cancer resistance drugs, leading to an improved defensive mechanism. These anticancer activities of HSP may be due to proper structural chemistry. CONCLUSION Overall, HSP showed potential anticancer activities against all cancer and possess better pharmacokinetic properties. So this phytochemical alone or combination with other agents can be an effective alternative drug for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Sohel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Habiba Sultana
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Tayeba Sultana
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Al Amin
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Suraiya Aktar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Chayan Ali
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Zahed Bin Rahim
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Arju Hossain
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Nurul Amin
- Department of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science and Technology, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
- Pratyasha Health Biomedical Research Center, Dhaka 1230 Bangladesh
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sousa C, Duarte D, Silva-Lima B, Videira M. Repurposing Natural Dietary Flavonoids in the Modulation of Cancer Tumorigenesis: Decrypting the Molecular Targets of Naringenin, Hesperetin and Myricetin. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:1188-1202. [PMID: 34739306 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1955285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In the past few years flavonoids have been gaining more attention regarding their (still un) exploited anticancer properties. Flavonoids are natural compounds present in fruits, vegetables, and seeds, meaning that they are already present in the daily life of every person, with a described broad-spectrum of pharmacological activities, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. In the present review we discuss the anticancer activity of three important flavonoids - myricetin (MYR) (flavanol group), hesperetin (HESP) and naringenin (NAR) (flavanone group). Although some mechanisms underlying their activities remain still unclear, they can act as potential inhibitors of key tumorigenic signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR, p38 MAPK and NF-κB. Simultaneously, they can reset the levels of pro-apoptotic proteins that belong to the Bcl-2 and caspase family and decrease the intracellular levels of ROS and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. Together with their synergetic effect they have the potential to become key elements in the prevention and/or treatment of several types of cancer, with the major improvement to the patient life quality, due to their non-existent toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Sousa
- Pharmacological and Regulatory Sciences Group (PharmRegSci), Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Denise Duarte
- Pharmacological and Regulatory Sciences Group (PharmRegSci), Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Silva-Lima
- Pharmacological and Regulatory Sciences Group (PharmRegSci), Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Videira
- Pharmacological and Regulatory Sciences Group (PharmRegSci), Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Duan L, Cheng S, Li L, Liu Y, Wang D, Liu G. Natural Anti-Inflammatory Compounds as Drug Candidates for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:684486. [PMID: 34335253 PMCID: PMC8316996 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.684486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents chronic recurrent intestinal inflammation resulting from various factors. Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) have been identified as the two major types of IBD. Currently, most of the drugs for IBD used commonly in the clinic have adverse reactions, and only a few drugs present long-lasting treatment effects. Moreover, issues of drug resistance and disease recurrence are frequent and difficult to resolve. Together, these issues cause difficulties in treating patients with IBD. Therefore, the development of novel therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of IBD is of significance. In this context, research on natural compounds exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity could be a novel approach to developing effective therapeutic strategies for IBD. Phytochemicals such as astragalus polysaccharide (APS), quercetin, limonin, ginsenoside Rd, luteolin, kaempferol, and icariin are reported to be effective in IBD treatment. In brief, natural compounds with anti-inflammatory activities are considered important candidate drugs for IBD treatment. The present review discusses the potential of certain natural compounds and their synthetic derivatives in the prevention and treatment of IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linshan Duan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuyu Cheng
- Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guoyan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wu CR, Yang QY, Chen QW, Li CQ, He WY, Zhao YP, Wang L. Ghrelin attenuate cerebral microvascular leakage by regulating inflammation and apoptosis potentially via a p38 MAPK-JNK dependent pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 552:37-43. [PMID: 33740663 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ghrelin is a peptide hormone with strong anti-inflammatory properties. In fact, Ghrelin was reported to improve endothelial dysfunction caused by excessive fat. However, its role in preserving the integrity of brain microvascular, under conditions of lipid dysregulation and inflammation, is not known. The objective of this study is to characterize the role of Ghrelin in the protection of cerebral microvascular integrity, during atherosclerosis, and uncover its underlying molecular mechanism. Our results demonstrated that an atherosclerotic condition, brought on by a high fat diet (HFD), can produce massive increases in serum inflammatory factors, blood lipids, cerebral microvascular leakage, and activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) (p38 MAPK-JNK) pathway. It also produced significantly damaged pericytes morphology, resulting in pericyte decrease. Ghrelin treatment, on the other hand, protected against cerebral microvascular leakage and pericytes damage. Ghrelin effectively downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and it also suppressed the p38 MAPK-JNK signaling pathway. Additionally, in isolated mouse cerebral microvascular pericytes, ox-LDL lead to increased apoptosis and secretion of inflammatory factors, along with an elevation in phosphorylated p38 MAPK-JNK proteins. Alternately, Ghrelin administration markedly lowered expression of inflammatory factors, suppressed the p38 MAPK-JNK signaling path, and halted cell apoptosis. However, pretreatment of Hesperetin, a p38 MAPK-JNK agonist, abrogated the Ghrelin-mediated suppression of inflammation and apoptosis in pericytes. Taken together, these results suggest that Ghrelin restored cerebral microvascular integrity and reduced vascular leakage in atherosclerosis mice, in part, by its regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic signaling pathways in pericytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Rong Wu
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Qiao-Yun Yang
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Qing-Wei Chen
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, China.
| | - Chun-Qiu Li
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Wu-Yang He
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yi-Pin Zhao
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abdallah RM, Elkhouly AM, Soliman RA, El Meckawy N, El Sebaei A, Motaal AA, El-Askary H, Youness RA, Assal RA. Hindering The Synchronization Between Mir-486-5p And H19 Lncrna By Hesperetin Halts Breast Cancer Aggressiveness Through Tuning ICAM-1. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:586-595. [PMID: 33882812 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210419093652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, a novel crosstalk between non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) has been casted. However, this has been seldomly investigated in metastatic BC (mBC). H19 and miR-486-5p role in mBC is controversial. ICAM-1 is a recently recognized metastatic engine in mBC. Natural compounds were recently found to alter ncRNAs/target circuits. Yet, Hesperitin modulatory role in altering such circuits has never been investigated in mBC. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of hesperitin on miR-486-5p/H19/ICAM-1 axis Methodology: BC patients (n=20) were recruited in the study. Bioinformatic analysis was performed using different prediction softwares. MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells were cultured and transfected using several oligonucleotides or treated with serial dilutions of hesperitin. RNA was extracted and gene expression analysis was performed using q-RT-PCR. ICAM-1 protein levels were assessed using human ICAM-1 Elisa Kit. Cytotoxic potential of hesperitin against normal cells was assessed by LDH assay. Several functional analysis experiments were performed such as MTT, colony forming and migration assays. RESULTS The study showed that miR-486-5p and H19 has a paradoxical expression profiles in mBC patients. miR-486-5p mimics and H19 siRNAs repressed ICAM-1 and halted mBC hallmarks. A novel crosstalk between miR-486-5p and H19 was observed highlighting a bi-directional relationship between them. Hesperetin restored the expression of miR-486-5p, inhibited H19 lncRNA and ICAM-1 expression and selectively regressed mBC cell aggressiveness. CONCLUSION miR-486-5p and H19 are inter-connected upstream regulators for ICAM-1 building up miR-486-5p/H19/ICAM-1 axis that has been successfully tuned in mBC cells by hesperitin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramah M Abdallah
- Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aisha M Elkhouly
- Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Raghda A Soliman
- Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed El Sebaei
- Pathology Department International Medical center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira A Motaal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Rana A Youness
- Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reem A Assal
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Targeting FGL2, a molecular drug target for glioblastoma, with natural compounds through virtual screening method. Future Med Chem 2021; 13:805-816. [PMID: 33821685 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fibroleukin-2 protein (FGL2) causes redevelopment of brain tumors. Inhibition of these proteins has shown to improve glioblastoma prognosis and treatment efficacy. Aim: The current study gathered recently exploited natural compounds that suppress glioblastoma proliferation in vitro, tested against FGL2 protein. Method: Twenty-five compounds were explored through a virtual screening platform. Results: Three natural compounds (betanine, hesperetin and ovatodiolide) hit the active site of FGL2. Furthermore, the influence of these compounds was also assessed using in silico gene expression, and ADMET tools showed downregulation of some genes, which caused rapid tumor development while possessing a moderate acute toxicity and pharmacokinetic profile. Conclusion: Our study presents three compounds that are good candidates for evaluation in FGL2 mutated glioblastoma animal models.
Collapse
|
17
|
Salehi B, Cruz-Martins N, Butnariu M, Sarac I, Bagiu IC, Ezzat SM, Wang J, Koay A, Sheridan H, Adetunji CO, Semwal P, Schoebitz M, Martorell M, Sharifi-Rad J. Hesperetin's health potential: moving from preclinical to clinical evidence and bioavailability issues, to upcoming strategies to overcome current limitations. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4449-4464. [PMID: 33491467 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1875979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are common in the plant kingdom and many of them have shown a wide spectrum of bioactive properties. Hesperetin (Hst), the aglycone form of hesperidin, is a great example, and is the most abundant flavonoid found in Citrus plants. This review aims to provide an overview on the in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies reporting the Hst pharmacological effects and to discuss the bioavailability-related issues. Preclinical studies have shown promising effects on cancer, cardiovascular diseases, carbohydrate dysregulation, bone health, and other pathologies. Clinical studies have supported the Hst promissory effects as cardioprotective and neuroprotective agent. However, further well-designed clinical trials are needed to address the other Hst effects observed in preclinical trials, as well as to a more in-depth understanding of its safety profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioan Sarac
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iulia-Cristina Bagiu
- Timisoara, Discipline of Microbiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Shahira M Ezzat
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Jinfan Wang
- Trinity College Dublin. NatPro (Natural Products Research Centre), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aaron Koay
- Trinity College Dublin. NatPro (Natural Products Research Centre), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen Sheridan
- Trinity College Dublin. NatPro (Natural Products Research Centre), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
- Applied Microbiology, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Edo University Iyamho, Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Prabhakar Semwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.,Uttarakhand State Council for Science and Technology, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mauricio Schoebitz
- Departamento de Suelos y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad de Concepción UDT, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang H, Wu R, Xie D, Ding L, Lv X, Bian Y, Chen X, Nisma Lena BA, Wang S, Li K, Chen W, Ye G, Sun M. A Combined Phytochemistry and Network Pharmacology Approach to Reveal the Effective Substances and Mechanisms of Wei-Fu-Chun Tablet in the Treatment of Precancerous Lesions of Gastric Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:558471. [PMID: 33381024 PMCID: PMC7768900 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.558471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Wei-Fu-Chun (WFC) tablet is a commercial medicinal product approved by China Food and Drug Administration, which is made of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey., Citrus aurantium L., and Isodon amethystoides (Benth.). WFC has been popularly used for the treatment of precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC) in clinical practice. In this study, a UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS method in both positive and negative ion mode was employed to rapidly survey the major constituents of WFC. 178 compounds including diterpenoids, triterpenes, sesquiterpenes, flavonoids, saponins, phenylpropanoids, lignans, coumarins, organic acids, fatty acids, quinones, and sterols, were identified by comparing their retention times, accurate mass within 5 ppm error, and MS fragmentation ions. In addition, 77 absorbed parent molecules and nine metabolites in rat serum were rapidly characterized by UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS. The network pharmacology method was used to predict the active components, corresponding therapeutic targets, and related pathways of WFC in the treatment of PLGC. Based on the main compounds in WFC and their metabolites in rat plasma and existing databases, 13 active components, 48 therapeutic targets, and 61 pathways were found to treat PLGC. The results of PLGC experiment in rats showed that WFC could improve the weight of PLGC rats and the histopathological changes of gastric mucosa partly by inhibiting Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway to increase pepsin secretion. This study offers an applicable approach to identify chemical components, absorbed compounds, and metabolic compounds in WFC, and provides a method to explore bioactive ingredients and action mechanisms of WFC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.,The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruoming Wu
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqin Ding
- Shanghai Zhonghua Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Lv
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqin Bian
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bahaji Azami Nisma Lena
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shunchun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Li
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Huqingyutang Chinese Medicine Modernization Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guan Ye
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
He P, Ma J, Liu Y, Deng H, Dong W. Hesperetin Promotes Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis of Gastric Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo by Upregulating PTEN Expression. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1326. [PMID: 32973533 PMCID: PMC7482524 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most common malignant gastrointestinal tumors, gastric cancer (GC) has a high incidence and poor prognosis. Cisplatin (DDP) is often used as chemotherapy for advanced GC; however, the high incidence of drug resistance remains a problem. The use of several anti-tumor drugs as combined chemotherapy is an effective strategy. Hesperetin has anti-tumor ability via its pro-apoptotic effect on various human cancers, both in vitro and in vivo, with no significant toxicity. However, a combination of DDP and hesperetin in GC has not been reported. The present study aimed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo chemosensitization effect and mechanism of hesperetin-augmented DDP-induced apoptosis of GC. The proliferation of GC ty -60cells was inhibited significantly in a time and dose-dependent manner by combined treatment of DDP with hesperetin. Hesperetin markedly increased DDP-induced apoptosis of GC cell lines. In a xenograft tumor mouse model, markedly better tumor suppression was observed after treatment with DDP plus hesperetin compared with that of either agent alone. Additionally, the combination of DDP and hesperetin remarkably increased the expression levels of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and Cytochrome C (Cyt C), and significantly decreased the levels of phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT) and CyclinD1. DDP and hesperetin also induced significant increases in apoptosis inducing factor (AIF), BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator (BAX), cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3, and decreased B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2), caspase-9, and caspase-3 levels. Thus, we demonstrated that hesperetin could inhibit the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway and induce the mitochondrial pathway via upregulating PTEN expression, thereby significantly enhancing DDP’s anti-tumor effect on GC. Hesperetin is a potential chemotherapeutic agent for GC and merits further clinical investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhan He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinghui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiguo Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kong W, Ling X, Chen Y, Wu X, Zhao Z, Wang W, Wang S, Lai G, Yu Z. Hesperetin reverses P‑glycoprotein‑mediated cisplatin resistance in DDP‑resistant human lung cancer cells via modulation of the nuclear factor‑κB signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2020; 45:1213-1224. [PMID: 32124932 PMCID: PMC7053858 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Cisplatin (DDP) is a first-line chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of lung cancer; however, the majority of patients develop resistance to DDP. P-glycoprotein (P-gp), also referred to as multidrug resistance (MDR) protein 1, is associated with an MDR phenotype, which results in failure of cancer chemotherapy; thus, identifying effective MDR pump inhibitors may improve the outcomes of patients who develop resistance to treatment. Hesperetin is a derivative of hesperidin, which is extracted from tangerine peel and exhibits multiple antitumor properties. In the present study, human lung adenocarcinoma A549 and A549/DDP cells were treated with different concentrations of hesperetin and DDP, respectively. Furthermore, rhodamine 123 efflux assays, Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, immunofluorescence, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis were used to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the effects of hesperetin On A549/DDP cells. Additionally, a xenograft model of lung cancer in nude mice was established to explore the effects of hesperetin on A549/DDP cell growth in vivo. The results demonstrated that hesperetin sensitized A549/DDP cells to DDP. In vivo, hesperetin pretreatment significantly inhibited tumor growth. Mechanistically, hesperetin markedly decreased the expression of P-gp and increased the intracellular accumulation of the P-gp substrate, rhodamine 123, in A549/DDP cells. In addition, pretreatment of A549/DDP cells with hesperetin significantly inhibited nuclear factor (NF)-κB (p65) activity and its nuclear translocation. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that hesperetin reversed P-gp-mediated MDR by decreasing P-gp expression in A549/DDP cells, which was associated with inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings may provide the basis for the use of hesperetin clinically to reverse MDR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wencui Kong
- Department of Medical Oncology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R China
| | - Xiaoming Ling
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R China
| | - Zhongquan Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R China
| | - Wenwu Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P.R China
| | - Shuiliang Wang
- Department of Urology, 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R China
| | - Guoxiang Lai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R China
| | - Zongyang Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R China
| |
Collapse
|