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Hu J, Li Y, Xie X, Song Y, Yan W, Luo Y, Jiang Y. The therapeutic potential of andrographolide in cancer treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 180:117438. [PMID: 39298908 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer poses a substantial global health challenge, necessitating the widespread use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Despite these efforts, issues like resistance development and severe side effects remain. As such, the search for more effective alternatives is critical. Andrographolide, a naturally occurring compound, has recently gained attention for its extensive biological activities. This review explores the role of andrographolide in cancer therapy, especially focusing on the molecular mechanisms that drive its anti-tumor properties. It also examines innovative methods to enhance andrographolide's bioavailability, thus boosting its effectiveness against cancer. Notably, andrographolide has potential for use in combination with various clinical drugs, and both preclinical and clinical studies provide strong evidence supporting its broader anticancer applications. Additionally, this paper proposes future research directions for andrographolide's anti-cancer effects and discusses the challenges in its clinical usage along with current research efforts to address these issues. In summary, this review underscores andrographolide's potential roles and contributes to the development of improved cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Provincal Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Scientific Research Center, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Osteoporosis Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Provincal Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yunlei Song
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Provincal Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Scientific Research Center, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Wenjing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Provincal Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Scientific Research Center, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Provincal Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Scientific Research Center, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yumao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Provincal Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Scientific Research Center, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.
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Deshmukh R, Jain AK, Singh R, Paul SD, Harwansh RK. Andrographis paniculata and Andrographolide - A Snapshot on Recent Advances in Nano Drug Delivery Systems against Cancer. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:631-644. [PMID: 36740794 DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230203115752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the deadliest illnesses of the 21st century. Chemotherapy and radiation therapies both have considerable side effects. Antitumor antibiotics are one of them. Coughs, common colds, fevers, laryngitis, and infectious disorders have all been treated with Andrographis paniculata for centuries. Extracts of Andrographis effectively treat various ailments, as well as cancer. The most active molecule in Andrographis paniculata is andrographolide a, diterpene, and lactone. Andrographis paniculata and its derivatives have long been used to treat various ailments. Anti-inflammatory and cancerfighting characteristics have been observed in Andrographolide. Andrographolide, a diterpene lactone separated from Andrographis paniculata, has also been shown to have important criticalessential biological protective properties. It has also been suggested that it could be used to treat major human diseases like-rheumatoid like rheumatoid, colitis, and Parkinsons disease. This summary aims to highlight Andrographolide as a promising cancer treatment option. Several databases were searched for andrographolides cytotoxic/anti-cancer effects in pre-clinical and clinical research to serve this purpose. Several studies have shown that Andrographolide is helpful in cancer medication, as detailed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohitas Deshmukh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India
| | - Aman Kumar Jain
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India
| | - Swarnali Das Paul
- Department of Pharmacy, Shri Shankaracharya College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Junwani, Bhilai, 490020, India
| | - Ranjit K Harwansh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India
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Das D, Banerjee R, Bandyopadhyay M, Nag A. Exploring the potential of Andrographis paniculata for developing novel HDAC inhibitors: an in silico approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37969010 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2281635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the dreaded diseases of the twentieth century, emerging the major global causes of human morbidity. Cancer research in the last 15 years has provided unprecedented information on the role of epigenetics in cancer initiation and progression. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are recognized as important epigenetic markers in cancer, whose overexpression leads to increased metastasis and angiogenesis. In the current study, thirty-four (34) compounds from Andrographis paniculata were screened for the identification of potential candidate drugs, targeting three Class I HDACs (Histone deacetylases), namely HDAC1 (PDB id 5ICN), HDAC3 (PDB id 4A69) and HDAC8 (PDB id 5FCW) through computer-assisted drug discovery study. Results showed that some of the phytochemicals chosen for this study exhibited significant drug-like properties. In silico molecular docking study further revealed that out of 34 compounds, the flavonoid Andrographidine E had the highest binding affinities towards HDAC1 (-9.261 Kcal mol-1) and 3 (-9.554 Kcal mol-1) when compared with the control drug Givinostat (-8.789 and -9.448 Kcal mol-1). The diterpenoid Andrographiside displayed the highest binding affinity (-9.588 Kcal mol-1) to HDAC8 compared to Givinostat (-8.947 Kcal mol-1). Statistical analysis using Principal Component Analysis tool revealed that all 34 phytocompounds could be clustered in four statistical groups. Most of them showed high or comparable inhibitory potentials towards HDAC target protein. Finally, the stability of top-ranked complexes (Andrographidine E-HDAC1 and HDAC3; Andrographiside-HDAC8) at the physiological condition was validated by Molecular Dynamic Simulation and MM-PBSA study.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debalina Das
- Plant Molecular Cytogenetics and Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Studies, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ritesh Banerjee
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Maumita Bandyopadhyay
- Plant Molecular Cytogenetics and Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Studies, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anish Nag
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore Central Campus, Bangalore, India
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Chen JF, Wu SW, Shi ZM, Hu B. Traditional Chinese medicine for colorectal cancer treatment: potential targets and mechanisms of action. Chin Med 2023; 18:14. [PMID: 36782251 PMCID: PMC9923939 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00719-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease with complex pathogenesis, it is prone to metastasis, and its development involves abnormalities in multiple signaling pathways. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, target therapy, and immunotherapy remain the main treatments for CRC, but improvement in the overall survival rate and quality of life is urgently needed. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history of preventing and treating CRC. It could affect CRC cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, invasion, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance by regulating multiple signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, epidermal growth factor receptors, p53, TGF-β, mTOR, Hedgehog, and immunomodulatory signaling pathways. In this paper, the main signaling pathways and potential targets of TCM and its active ingredients in the treatment of CRC were systematically summarized, providing a theoretical basis for treating CRC with TCM and new ideas for further exploring the pathogenesis of CRC and developing new anti-CRC drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Fang Chen
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Wei Wu
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi-Man Shi
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Andrographolide Induces G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Glioblastoma DBTRG-05MG Cell Line via ERK1/2 /c-Myc/p53 Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196686. [PMID: 36235222 PMCID: PMC9572224 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most malignant brain tumors, with a high mortality rate worldwide. Conventional GBM treatment is now challenged by the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), drug resistance, and post-treatment adverse effects. Hence, developing bioactive compounds isolated from plant species and identifying molecular pathways in facilitating effective treatment has become crucial in GBM. Based on pharmacodynamic studies, andrographolide has sparked the interest of cancer researchers, who believe it may alleviate difficulties in GBM therapy; however, it still requires further study. Andrographolide is a bicyclic diterpene lactone derived from Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wallich ex Nees that has anticancer properties in various cancer cell lines. The present study aimed to evaluate andrographolide's anticancer effectiveness and potential molecular pathways using a DBTRG-05MG cell line. The antiproliferative activity of andrographolide was determined using the WST-1 assay, while scratch assay and clonogenic assay were used to evaluate andrographolide's effectiveness against the cancer cell line by examining cell migration and colony formation. Flowcytometry was also used to examine the apoptosis and cell cycle arrest induced by andrographolide. The mRNA and protein expression level involved in the ERK1/2/c-Myc/p53 signaling pathway was then assessed using qRT-PCR and Western blot. The protein-protein interaction between c-Myc and p53 was determined by a reciprocal experiment of the co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) using DBTRG-05MG total cell lysate. Andrographolide significantly reduced the viability of DBTRG-05MG cell lines in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. In addition, scratch and clonogenic assays confirmed the effectiveness of andrographolide in reducing cell migration and colony formation of DBTRG-05MG, respectively. Andrographolide also promoted cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, followed by apoptosis in the DBTRG-05MG cell line, by inducing ERK1/2, c-Myc, and p53 expression at the mRNA level. Western blot results demonstrated that c-Myc overexpression also increased the production of the anti-apoptotic protein p53. Our findings revealed that c-Myc and p53 positively interact in triggering the apoptotic signaling pathway. This study successfully discovered the involvement of ERK1/2/c-Myc/p53 in the suppression of the DBTRG-05MG cell line via cell cycle arrest followed by the apoptosis signaling pathway following andrographolide treatment.
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Zeng B, Wei A, Zhou Q, Yuan M, Lei K, Liu Y, Song J, Guo L, Ye Q. Andrographolide: A review of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity and clinical trials and pharmaceutical researches. Phytother Res 2021; 36:336-364. [PMID: 34818697 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees, a renowned herb medicine in China, is broadly utilized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of cold and fever, sore throat, sore tongue, snake bite with its excellent functions of clearing heat and toxin, cooling blood and detumescence from times immemorial. Modern pharmacological research corroborates that andrographolide, the major ingredient in this traditional herb, is the fundamental material basis for its efficacy. As the main component of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees, andrographolide reveals numerous therapeutic actions, such as antiinflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic and so on. However, there are scarcely systematic summaries on the specific mechanism of disease treatment and pharmacokinetics. Moreover, it is also found that it possesses easily ignored security issues in clinical application, such as nephrotoxicity and reproductive toxicity. Thereby it should be kept a lookout over in clinical. Besides, the relationship between the efficacy and security issues of andrographolide should be investigated and evaluated scientifically. In this review, special emphasis is given to andrographolide, a multifunctional natural terpenoids, including its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity and pharmaceutical researches. A brief overview of its clinical trials is also presented. This review intends to systematically and comprehensively summarize the current researches of andrographolide, which is of great significance for the development of andrographolide clinical products. Noteworthy, those un-cracked issues such as specific pharmacological mechanisms, security issues, as well as the bottleneck in clinical transformation, which detailed exploration and excavation are still not to be ignored before achieving integration into clinical practice. In addition, given that current extensive clinical data do not have sufficient rigor and documented details, more high-quality investigations in this field are needed to validate the efficacy and/or safety of many herbal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, China
| | - Ailing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Minghao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kelu Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yushi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiawen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Dong S, Li GX, Fang JH, Chen X, Sun YT. Advances in understanding of relationship between Hhip and Lpar2 gene expression and gastric cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2021; 29:1049-1054. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v29.i18.1049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumor derived from gastric mucosal epithelial cells. In recent years, it has been found that the Hhip and Lpar2 genes play an important role in the development of GC. The Hhip gene can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of GC cells by participating in the Hedgehog signaling pathway, while the Lpar2 gene promotes the development of GC by activating the ATX-LPA signaling pathway. In this paper, we will review the changes of expression levels, molecular mechanism, and clinical application of Hhip and Lpar2 genes in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guo-Xiong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jia-Heng Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Tian Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang Province, China
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