An Investigation into the Usage of Monosaccharides with GLUT1 and GLUT3 as Prognostic Indicators for Cancer

SLC2A3 is a Potential Factor for Head and Neck Squamous Cancer Development through Tumor Microenvironment Alteration

INTRODUCTION

Tumor immunity has garnered increasing attention in cancer treatment and progression. However, there is still a challenge in understanding the mechanisms of specific molecules affecting the clinical prognosis and tumor microenvironment (TME).

METHODS

Here, we applied the ESTIMATE algorithm to calculate the immune and stromal scores in 504 HNSC cases from TCGA. Patients were grouped according to the median value of the immune and stromal. Clinicopathological characteristics and differentially expressed genes (DEG) were analyzed. Subsequently, LASSO, COX regression, survival analysis, and clinicopathological characteristics were conducted. Subsequently, SLC2A3 was determined as a predictive factor that high expression of SLC2A3 at the mRNA and protein levels predicted a worse clinical prognosis. GSEA25099 was utilized for external validation of immune infiltration, while tissue PCR, IHC, and Western Blot were used to confirm the expression levels of SLC2A3.

RESULTS

A series of immune-infiltration analyses showed that SLC2A3 expression was negatively correlated with CD8+ T cells, significantly affecting the survival prognosis of HNSC. In the GSEA analysis, the high expression of SLC2A3 was mainly enriched for immune-related biological processes. Meanwhile, high expression of SLC2A3 possessed higher TIDE scores and was also strongly positively correlated with a series of immune checkpoints affecting survival prognosis, thus causing greater susceptibility to immune escape.

CONCLUSION

Conclusively, SLC2A3 is a potential oncogene and factor of HNSC development, notably by an altered state of the immune microenvironment, immune-suppressive regulation, and immune escape.

Research Progress on Saccharide Molecule Detection Based on Nanopores

Saccharides, being one of the fundamental molecules of life, play essential roles in the physiological and pathological functions of cells. However, their intricate structures pose challenges for detection. Nanopore technology, with its high sensitivity and capability for single-molecule-level analysis, has revolutionized the identification and structural analysis of saccharide molecules. This review focuses on recent advancements in nanopore technology for carbohydrate detection, presenting an array of methods that leverage the molecular complexity of saccharides. Biological nanopore techniques utilize specific protein binding or pore modifications to trigger typical resistive pulses, enabling the high-sensitivity detection of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides. In solid-state nanopore sensing, boronic acid modification and pH gating mechanisms are employed for the specific recognition and quantitative analysis of polysaccharides. The integration of artificial intelligence algorithms can further enhance the accuracy and reliability of analyses. Serving as a crucial tool in carbohydrate detection, we foresee significant potential in the application of nanopore technology for the detection of carbohydrate molecules in disease diagnosis, drug screening, and biosensing, fostering innovative progress in related research domains.

A Study on Natural Control against Nematodes and Whiteflies with Marigold, Known as an Antagonist Plant

The importance of finding natural solutions for the protection of our health in the fight against pests in agriculture is increasing day by day. In this study, the interaction of the active ingredients in marigolds as the great importance as a garden flower, with nematode and whitefly receptors as ligands in the fight against them, have been investigated by chemical calculation method. The inhibition effect of ligands (alpha-Terthienyl, Quercetagetin in marigold) on nematode and whitefly receptors in this plant was determined by comparing the binding energy values with reference drug active ingredients (imidacloprid, Perhexiline).This calculation method, the accuracy determined by different studies, is very important in terms of determining the most active substance in a short time, preventing time and substance loss, and will guide the experimental studies and applications to be made in this field.

Therapeutic effect of some natural active compounds for breast cancer

The extracts obtained from plants have been used in the treatment of many diseases since the earliest times. Today, it is of great importance to investigate the effects of the active molecules in these plant extracts at the molecular level together with the analysis. The effect of certain active compounds found in some plants, widely used as medicinal plants, on breast cancer has been investigated using docking. As a result of the docking scores obtained, it can be understood that the active molecules used in this study can be quite effective in controlling breast cancer. Promyelocytic leukemia is an important checkpoint from the literature for breast cancer and the docking energy values of Thymoquinone, Piperine and Carvacrol, as the active molecules in the control of this pathway. This study is very important when evaluated in terms of directing experimental studies by determining the most suitable active substances by comparing the activities of molecules in a short time.