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Kaplan M, Özan E, Pekmez K, Çağırgan AA, Arslan F. Molecular characterization of G and F protein genes of bovine respiratory syncytial virus detected from dead calves caused by severe respiratory syndrome: emergence of novel mutations and their importance. Virusdisease 2023; 34:539-549. [PMID: 38046057 PMCID: PMC10686935 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-023-00846-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is an important viral agent in bovine respiratory disease complex affecting young calves from asymptomatic to fatal. Although BRSV is widely prevalent in Türkiye as in other parts of the world, there are limited molecular studies on BRSV in Türkiye. Therefore, in order to better understand the characteristics of circulating BRSV in Türkiye, a study based on the molecular analysis of both F and G proteins was performed. For this purpose, the presence of BRSV was investigated in 20 calves that died as a result of severe respiratory syndrome in the western region of Türkiye in 2020. Nested PCR was performed for both gene regions, and the products were sequenced. Four samples detected as BRSV positive were identified as genotype III according to both gene regions in molecular analysis. However, they were separated into two distinct clusters due to significant differences in nucleotide (90.09-99.54%) and amino acid (85.42-99.31%) similarities between them. Besides, two positive samples in the same cluster were even more different from previously detected Turkish isolates (90.78-92.17% nt and 87.50-89.58% aa). More over, we detected nine novel aa mutations in the extracellular domain, an immunologically important region in the G protein of the virus, that have not been reported in other world isolates found in Genbank until now. These findings suggest that there may be many different viruses in circulation that have the ability to escape the immune system. We recommend that these findings be taken into account in planning both vaccine and epidemiological studies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13337-023-00846-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Kaplan
- Virology Department, Izmir/Bornova Veterinary Control Institute, 35040 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Emre Özan
- Department of Veterinary Experimental Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey
| | - Kemal Pekmez
- Virology Department, Izmir/Bornova Veterinary Control Institute, 35040 Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Fatih Arslan
- Virology Department, Izmir/Bornova Veterinary Control Institute, 35040 Izmir, Turkey
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Lachowicz-Wolak A, Klimowicz-Bodys MD, Płoneczka-Janeczko K, Bykowy M, Siedlecka M, Cinciała J, Rypuła K. The Prevalence, Coexistence, and Correlations between Seven Pathogens Detected by a PCR Method from South-Western Poland Dairy Cattle Suffering from Bovine Respiratory Disease. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081487. [PMID: 35893545 PMCID: PMC9332621 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a very important disease that contributes to economic losses in dairy and beef cattle breeding worldwide. The molecular testing of material from 296 calves showing BRD symptoms from 74 dairy herds located in south-western Poland was performed in 2019–2021. Molecular tests were performed using a commercial kit “VetMAXTM Ruminant Respiratory Screening Kit” (Thermo Fisher Scientific) for the simultaneous detection of genetic material of seven pathogens responsible for BRD. At least one pathogen was detected in 95.95% of herds. The overall prevalence was: Pasteurella multocida 87.84%, Mannheimia haemolytica 44.59%, bovine coronavirus (BcoV) 32.43%, Mycoplasma bovis 29.73%, Histophilus somni 28.38%, bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV-3) 13.51%, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) 10.81%. Twenty-nine configurations of pathogen occurrences were found. Bacterial infections were the most frequently recorded as 56.7% of all results. Coinfections mainly consisted of two pathogens. Not a single purely viral coinfection was detected. The most frequent result was a single P. multocida infection accounting for 18.31% of all results. The statistically significant correlation (p = 0.001) with the highest strength of effect (ϕ 0.38) was between M. bovis and H. somni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Lachowicz-Wolak
- Division of Infectious Diseases of Animals and Veterinary Administration, Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.L.-W.); (M.D.K.-B.); (K.P.-J.); (M.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Małgorzata D. Klimowicz-Bodys
- Division of Infectious Diseases of Animals and Veterinary Administration, Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.L.-W.); (M.D.K.-B.); (K.P.-J.); (M.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Płoneczka-Janeczko
- Division of Infectious Diseases of Animals and Veterinary Administration, Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.L.-W.); (M.D.K.-B.); (K.P.-J.); (M.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Marek Bykowy
- Division of Infectious Diseases of Animals and Veterinary Administration, Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.L.-W.); (M.D.K.-B.); (K.P.-J.); (M.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Magdalena Siedlecka
- Division of Infectious Diseases of Animals and Veterinary Administration, Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.L.-W.); (M.D.K.-B.); (K.P.-J.); (M.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Jagoda Cinciała
- Student Scientific Society “AnthraX”, Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Rypuła
- Division of Infectious Diseases of Animals and Veterinary Administration, Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.L.-W.); (M.D.K.-B.); (K.P.-J.); (M.B.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Jia S, Yao X, Yang Y, Niu C, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Pan R, Jiang X, Xiaobo S, Qiao X, Guan X, Xu Y. Isolation, identification, and phylogenetic analysis of subgroup III strain of bovine respiratory syncytial virus contributed to outbreak of acute respiratory disease among cattle in Northeast China. Virulence 2021; 12:404-414. [PMID: 33470171 PMCID: PMC7834082 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1872178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a clinically important causative agent of acute respiratory diseases in postweaning calves and feedlot cattle and causes numerous economic losses to the cattle industry. In June 2018, an outbreak of an acute respiratory disease occurred among 4- to 10-month-old calves on three intensive beef cattle farms in Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China, with a 27.42% morbidity rate (329/1200) and a > 25% mortality rate (85/329). Using next-generation sequencing, we comprehensively analyzed microbial diversity in the lung samples of the diseased cattle and found that the causative agent of this epidemic outbreak is mainly a bovine orthopneumovirus named BRSV strain DQ. We then isolated and confirmed the virus by RT-PCR and an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Phylogenetic analysis of genes G, F, N, NS1, NS2, and SH of BRSV strain DQ showed that this strain shares the highest genetic similarity with strains USII/S1, 15489, V41, and NY487834 belonging to subgroup III of BRSV. This is the first report of subgroup III strain of BRSV presence in China. Heilongjiang Province is a major cattle-breeding province in China; therefore, it is necessary to test for BRSV in the cattle trade and to conduct region-extended epidemiological surveillance for BRSV in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Jia
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, China
| | - Xin Yao
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, China
| | - Yaqi Yang
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, China
| | - Chao Niu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, China
| | - Ronghui Pan
- Veterinary Laboratory, Jilin Province Centre for Animal Disease Control and Prevention , Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoxia Jiang
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, China
| | - Sun Xiaobo
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, China
| | - Xinyuan Qiao
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, China.,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology , Harbin, China
| | - Xueting Guan
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, China
| | - Yigang Xu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin, China.,Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology , Harbin, China
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Hu G, Do DN, Gray J, Miar Y. Selection for Favorable Health Traits: A Potential Approach to Cope with Diseases in Farm Animals. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1717. [PMID: 32971980 PMCID: PMC7552752 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Disease is a global problem for animal farming industries causing tremendous economic losses (>USD 220 billion over the last decade) and serious animal welfare issues. The limitations and deficiencies of current non-selection disease control methods (e.g., vaccination, treatment, eradication strategy, genome editing, and probiotics) make it difficult to effectively, economically, and permanently eliminate the adverse influences of disease in the farm animals. These limitations and deficiencies drive animal breeders to be more concerned and committed to dealing with health problems in farm animals by selecting animals with favorable health traits. Both genetic selection and genomic selection contribute to improving the health of farm animals by selecting certain health traits (e.g., disease tolerance, disease resistance, and immune response), although both of them face some challenges. The objective of this review was to comprehensively review the potential of selecting health traits in coping with issues caused by diseases in farm animals. Within this review, we highlighted that selecting health traits can be applied as a method of disease control to help animal agriculture industries to cope with the adverse influences caused by diseases in farm animals. Certainly, the genetic/genomic selection solution cannot solve all the disease problems in farm animals. Therefore, management, vaccination, culling, medical treatment, and other measures must accompany selection solution to reduce the adverse impact of farm animal diseases on profitability and animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Younes Miar
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada; (G.H.); (D.N.D.); (J.G.)
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Yazici Z, Ozan E, Tamer C, Muftuoglu B, Barry G, Kurucay HN, Elhag AE, Cagirgan AA, Gumusova S, Albayrak H. Circulation of Indigenous Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus Strains in Turkish Cattle: The First Isolation and Molecular Characterization. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1700. [PMID: 32962234 PMCID: PMC7552771 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a huge economic burden on the livestock industries of countries worldwide. Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is one of the most important pathogens that contributes to BRD. In this study, we report the identification and first isolation, with molecular characterization, of a new BRSV strain from lung specimens of three beef cows in Turkey that died from respiratory distress. After the screening of lung tissues for BRD-associated viruses using a multiscreen antigen-ELISA, a BRSV antigen was detected. This was then confirmed by real-time RT-PCR specific for BRSV. Following confirmation, virus isolation was conducted in MDBK cell cultures and clear CPE, including syncytia compatible with BRSV, were detected. RT-nested PCR, using F gene-specific primers, was performed on the cultured isolates, and the products were sequenced and deposited to Genbank with accession numbers MT179304, MT024766, and MT0244767. Phylogenetic analysis of these sequences indicated that the cattle were infected with BRSV from subgroup III and were closely related to previously identified American and Turkish strains, but contained some amino acid and nucleotide differences. This research paves the way for further studies on the molecular characteristics of natural BRSV isolates, including full genome analysis and disease pathogenesis, and also contributes to the development of robust national strategies against this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafer Yazici
- Department of Veterinary Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey; (C.T.); (H.N.K.); (S.G.); (H.A.)
| | - Emre Ozan
- Department of Veterinary Experimental Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey; (E.O.); (B.M.)
| | - Cuneyt Tamer
- Department of Veterinary Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey; (C.T.); (H.N.K.); (S.G.); (H.A.)
| | - Bahadir Muftuoglu
- Department of Veterinary Experimental Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey; (E.O.); (B.M.)
| | - Gerald Barry
- Veterinary Science Centre, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College of Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland;
| | - Hanne Nur Kurucay
- Department of Veterinary Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey; (C.T.); (H.N.K.); (S.G.); (H.A.)
| | - Ahmed Eisa Elhag
- Department of Veterinary Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey; (C.T.); (H.N.K.); (S.G.); (H.A.)
| | - Abdurrahman Anil Cagirgan
- Bornova Veterinary Control Institute, Veterinary Control Institute Directorates, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, 35010 Izmir, Turkey;
| | - Semra Gumusova
- Department of Veterinary Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey; (C.T.); (H.N.K.); (S.G.); (H.A.)
| | - Harun Albayrak
- Department of Veterinary Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey; (C.T.); (H.N.K.); (S.G.); (H.A.)
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