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Chen S, Huang M, Xu D, Li M. Epigenetic regulation in epilepsy: A novel mechanism and therapeutic strategy for epilepsy. Neurochem Int 2024; 173:105657. [PMID: 38145842 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures with excessive and abnormal neuronal discharges. Epileptogenesis is usually involved in neuropathological processes such as ion channel dysfunction, neuronal injury, inflammatory response, synaptic plasticity, gliocyte proliferation and mossy fiber sprouting, currently the pathogenesis of epilepsy is not yet completely understood. A growing body of studies have shown that epigenetic regulation, such as histone modifications, DNA methylation, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and restrictive element-1 silencing transcription factor/neuron-restrictive silencing factor (REST/NRSF) are also involved in epilepsy. Through epigenetic studies, we found that the synaptic dysfunction, nerve damage, cognitive dysfunction and brain development abnormalities are affected by epigenetic regulation of epilepsy-related genes in patients with epilepsy. However, the functional roles of epigenetics in pathogenesis and treatment of epilepsy are still to be explored. Therefore, profiling the array of genes that are epigenetically dysregulated in epileptogenesis is likely to advance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of epilepsy and may for the amelioration of these serious human conditions provide novel insight into therapeutic strategies and diagnostic biomarkers for epilepsy to improve serious human condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Ming Huang
- Department of Neurology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Da Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
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Xie G, Chen H, He C, Hu S, Xiao X, Luo Q. The dysregulation of miRNAs in epilepsy and their regulatory role in inflammation and apoptosis. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:287. [PMID: 37653173 PMCID: PMC10471759 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01220-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that impacts millions of people worldwide, and it is characterized by the occurrence of recurrent seizures. The pathogenesis of epilepsy is complex, involving dysregulation of various genes and signaling pathways. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that play a vital role in the regulation of gene expression. They have been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, acting as key regulators of neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in exploring the miRNA regulatory network in epilepsy. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the regulatory miRNAs involved in inflammation and apoptosis in epilepsy and discusses its potential as a new avenue for developing targeted therapies for the treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Staff Hospital of Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Corporation, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Technology Hospital, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chan He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Siheng Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Honggangcheng Street Community Health Service Center, Qingshan District, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gongrencun Street Community Health Service Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Qunying Luo
- Department of Neurology, Huarun Wuhan Iron and Steel General Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Sharifi G, Eghtedarian R, Taheri M, Hussen BM, Eslami S, Ghafouri-Fard S, Sayad A. Assessment of Treg-related lncRNAs in epilepsy. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 15:1031314. [PMID: 36776769 PMCID: PMC9908604 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1031314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown dysregulation of several groups of long non-coding RNAs in the context of epilepsy. According to evidence regarding the role of regulatory T cells in this disorder, we examined expression levels of regulatory T cell-related lncRNAs, namely TH2-LCR, RMRP, IFNG-AS1 (NEST), MAFTRR and FLICR in the blood of epileptic cases compared with controls. Expression of RMRP was lower in patients with refractory epilepsy compared with controls [expression ratio (95% CI) = 0.32 (0.13-0.8), adjusted p-value = 0.0008]. Besides, its expression was lower in refractory patients vs. non-refractory patients [expression ratio (95% CI) = 0.2 (0.1-0.41), adjusted p-value < 0.0001]. Expression of TH2-LCR was lower in refractory patients vs. controls [expression ratio (95% CI) = 0.4 (0.17-0.93), adjusted p-value = 0.0044] and in refractory patients vs. non-refractory ones [Expression ratio = 0.28 (0.19-0.58), p-value < 0.0001]. Expression of NEST was higher in total patients [expression ratio (95% CI) = 2.48 (1.15-5.27), adjusted p-value = 0.0012] and in both groups of patients compared with controls. However, its expression was not different between refractory and non-refractory cases. Similarly, FLICR and MAFTRR were over-expressed in total cases and both groups of patients compared with controls, but their expressions were similar between refractory and non-refractory cases. MAFTRR could differentiate between total epileptic cases and controls with AUC value of 0.8. This lncRNA could separate refractory and non-refractory cases from healthy controls with AUC values of 0.73 and 0.88, respectively. This study provides evidence for deregulation of regulatory T cell-related lncRNAs in epilepsy and their potential role as diagnostic markers in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guive Sharifi
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhane Eghtedarian
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq,Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Solat Eslami
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran,Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,*Correspondence: Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard, ✉
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Arezou Sayad, ✉
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Unravelling the Complex Relationship between Diet and Nephrolithiasis: The Role of Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14234961. [PMID: 36500991 PMCID: PMC9739708 DOI: 10.3390/nu14234961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephrolithiasis is an increasingly prevalent condition, especially in high income countries, and is associated with high morbidity. Extraordinary progress in genetics made the identification of genetic forms of nephrolithiasis possible. These genetic diseases are usually rare and do not account for the most common forms of nephrolithiasis that are the result of several factors such as environment, dietary habits, and predisposing genes. This knowledge has shaped what we classify as nephrolithiasis, a condition that is now recognized as systemic. How and to what extent all these factors interact with one another and end in kidney stone formation, growth, and recurrence is not completely understood. Two new research fields have recently been trying to give some answers: nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics. These fields have the aim of understanding the intricate diet/genome interface that influences gene expression regulation mainly through epigenetic mechanisms and results in specific medical conditions such as cancer, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases. Epigenetics seems to play a crucial role and could represent the link between environmental factors, that we are constantly exposed to, and risk factors for nephrolithiasis. In this systematic review, we summarize all the available evidence of proven or hypothesized epigenetic mechanisms related to nephrolithiasis.
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Liu S, Fan M, Ma MD, Ge JF, Chen FH. Long non-coding RNAs: Potential therapeutic targets for epilepsy. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:986874. [PMID: 36278003 PMCID: PMC9582525 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.986874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common and disastrous neurological disorder characterized by abnormal firing of neurons in the brain, affecting about 70 million people worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are a class of RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides without the capacity of protein coding, but they participate in a wide variety of pathophysiological processes. Alternated abundance and diversity of LncRNAs have been found in epilepsy patients and animal or cell models, suggesting a potential role of LncRNAs in epileptogenesis. This review will introduce the structure and function of LncRNAs, summarize the role of LncRNAs in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, especially its linkage with neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and transmitter balance, which will throw light on the molecular mechanism of epileptogenesis, and accelerate the clinical implementation of LncRNAs as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunity Disease, Hefei, China
| | - Min Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunity Disease, Hefei, China
| | - Meng-Die Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunity Disease, Hefei, China
| | - Jin-Fang Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunity Disease, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Jin-Fang Ge,
| | - Fei-Hu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunity Disease, Hefei, China
- Fei-Hu Chen,
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