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Luo H, Zhou H, Chen Y, Sun X, Li Y, Li G, Long S, Wang S, Liang G, Chen S. Hypoxia impairs urothelial barrier function by inhibiting the expression of tight junction proteins in SV-HUC-1 cells. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18545. [PMID: 39031471 PMCID: PMC11258885 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia plays an important role in the pathological process of bladder outlet obstruction. Previous research has mostly focused on the dysfunction of bladder smooth muscle cells, which are directly related to bladder contraction. This study delves into the barrier function changes of the urothelial cells under exposure to hypoxia. Results indicated that after a 5-day culture, SV-HUC-1 formed a monolayer and/or bilayer of cell sheets, with tight junction formation, but no asymmetrical unit membrane was observed. qPCR and western blotting revealed the expression of TJ-associated proteins (occludin, claudin1 and ZO-1) was significantly decreased in the hypoxia group in a time-dependent manner. No expression changes were observed in uroplakins. When compared to normoxic groups, immunofluorescent staining revealed a reduction in the expression of TJ-associated proteins in the hypoxia group. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) revealed a statistically significant decrease in resistance in the hypoxia group. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated dextran assay was inversely proportional to the results of TEER. Taken together, hypoxia down-regulates the expression of TJ-associated proteins and breaks tight junctions, thus impairing the barrier function in human urothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijiu Luo
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Yuzhu Chen
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Xianwu Sun
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Yihuan Li
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Guangjie Li
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Shouyi Long
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Guobiao Liang
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Shulian Chen
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
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Chen J, Peng L, Chen G, Chen Y, Zeng X, Zhang J, Zhang C, Shen H, Liao B, Luo D. Single-cell transcriptomics reveal the remodeling landscape of bladder in patients with obstruction-induced detrusor underactivity. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e490. [PMID: 38414668 PMCID: PMC10896249 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Detrusor underactivity (DUA) is a common and thorny problem in urology, which severely impairs patients' bladder function and quality of life. However, its underlying pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear. Hence, we sequenced 69,973 cells from five controls and nine patients with bladder dysfunction using single-cell RNA sequencing. Twelve distinct cell types were identified and they showed high cellular and functional heterogeneity among each group. Among them, fibroblasts, macrophages, and epithelial cells had the most intercellular communications. Their aberrant gene expressions and altered intercellular interactions were mainly involved in extracellular matrix organization, inflammation/immune regulation, and cellular injury. Further re-cluster analysis revealed an accumulation of the RBFOX1+ fibroblasts and RIPOR2+ macrophages in dysfunctional bladder wall, which mediated bladder remodeling through dysfunctional extracellular matrix organization and inflammation/immune reaction. Besides, the subtype of the epithelial cells was significantly altered. They underwent an intricate process including inflammation, damage, and repair during bladder remodeling. Overall, this work constructed the first single-cell atlas for obstruction-induced DUA, which could provide a valuable resource for deciphering the cellular heterogeneity and function changes in DUA, as well as potential strategies for bladder function improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Chen
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
- Department of Urology, Institute of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
| | - Liao Peng
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
- Department of Urology, Institute of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
| | - Guo Chen
- Department of Urology, Institute of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
- Department of Urology and Pelvic surgeryWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
| | - Yuanzhuo Chen
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
- Department of Urology, Institute of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
| | - Xiao Zeng
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
- Department of Urology, Institute of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
- Department of Urology, Institute of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
- Department of Urology, Institute of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
- Department of Urology, Institute of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
| | - Banghua Liao
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
- Department of Urology, Institute of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
| | - Deyi Luo
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
- Department of Urology, Institute of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
- Pelvic Floor Diseases CenterWest China Tianfu HospitalSichuan UniversitySichuanChina
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Bladder wall thickness measured by CT can predict bladder outlet obstruction in men: a retrospective cohort study. Int Urol Nephrol 2023; 55:43-49. [PMID: 36103042 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-022-03361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate whether bladder wall thickness (BWT) measured by CT can be used to predict bladder outlet obstruction in men with low urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). METHODS From 2015 to 2018, a total of 120 men with lower urinary tract symptoms who underwent both urodynamic studies and CT tests of the lower abdomen or pelvis were involved. Bladder wall thickness values were measured by CT scanning. RESULTS Based on the urodynamic studies, 120 men were categorized into two groups, including 70/120 men (58.3%) in the bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) group and 50/120 men (41.7%) in the non-BOO group. The mean BWT was thicker in the BOO group than in the non-BOO group (3.87 vs. 2.75 mm, p < 0.001). The mean maximum bladder capacity (MBC) was lower in the BOO group than in the non-BOO group (263.42 vs. 308.96 ml, p < 0.001). The mean detrusor pressure at maximum urinary flow rate (PdetQmax) was higher in the patients in the BOO group than in those in the non-BOO group (102.28 vs. 49.25 cmH2O, p < 0.001). The ROC curve showed that BWT was a good predictor with an AUC of 0.855 (95% CI 0.785-0.924, p < 0.001). At the cutoff value of 3.20 mm, the predictive sensitivity of BWT for BOO was 72.9%, and the specificity was 90%. CONCLUSION Increased bladder wall thickness was correlated with bladder outlet obstruction in men with LUTS. Bladder wall thickness measured by CT scans may be a noninvasive parameter to predict bladder outlet obstruction in men with LUTS.
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Hughes FM, Allkanjari A, Odom MR, Jin H, Purves JT. Specialized pro-resolution mediators in the bladder: Receptor expression and recovery of bladder function from cystitis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:700-711. [PMID: 35044873 PMCID: PMC9039492 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211067465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a central process in most benign bladder disorders, and its control is a delicate balance between initiating factors and resolving factors. While recent discoveries have shown a central role for the NLRP3 inflammasome in initiation, the resolving pathways remain unexplored. Resolution is controlled by specialized pro-resolution mediators (SPMs) functioning through seven receptors (six in rodents). Here we demonstrate expression of all seven in humans (six in mice) through immunocytochemistry. Expression was universal in urothelia with most also expressed in smooth muscle. We next explored the therapeutic potential of three SPMs; Resolvin E1 (RvE1), Maresin 1 (MaR1), and Protectin D1 (PD1). SPMs promote epithelial wound/barrier repair and RvE1 triggered dose-dependent wound closure in urothelia in vitro (scratch assay) (EC90 = 12.5 nM). MaR1 and PD1 were equally effective at this concentration. In vivo analyses employed a cyclophosphamide (CP) model of bladder inflammation (Day 0-CP [150 mg/kg], Day 1 to 3 SPM [25 µg/kg/day], Day 4 - analysis). All three SPMs reduced bladder inflammation (Evans blue) and bladder weights to control levels. Effects of RvE1 were also examined by urodynamics. CP decreased void volume, increased frequency and decreased bladder capacity while RvE1 restored values to control levels. Finally, SPMs reduce fibrosis and RvE1 reduced urothelial expression of TGF-β and collagen I to control values. Together these results expand the known SPMs active in the bladder tissue and provide promising therapeutic targets for controlling inflammation in a wide variety of inflammation-associated benign bladder diseases.
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Zhu B, Kang Z, Zhu S, Zhang Y, Lai X, Zhou L, Huang H, Gao X, Jiang C, Zeng J. Multi-Omics Characterization of Circular RNA-Encoded Novel Proteins Associated With Bladder Outlet Obstruction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:772534. [PMID: 35071227 PMCID: PMC8777291 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.772534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is a common urologic disease associated with poorly understood molecular mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the possible involvements of circRNAs (circular RNAs) and circRNA-encoded proteins in BOO development. The rat BOO model was established by the partial bladder outlet obstruction surgery. Differential expression of circRNA and protein profiles were characterized by deep RNA sequencing and iTRAQ quantitative proteomics respectively. Novel proteins encoded by circRNAs were predicted through ORF (open reading frame) selection using the GETORF software and verified by the mass spectrometry in proteomics, combined with the validation of their expressional alterations by quantitative RT-PCR. Totally 3,051 circRNAs were differentially expressed in bladder tissues of rat BOO model with widespread genomic distributions, including 1,414 up-regulated, and 1,637 down-regulated circRNAs. Our following quantitative proteomics revealed significant changes of 85 proteins in rat BOO model, which were enriched in multiple biological processes and signaling pathways such as the PPAR and Wnt pathways. Among them, 21 differentially expressed proteins were predicted to be encoded by circRNAs and showed consistent circRNA and protein levels in rat BOO model. The expression levels of five protein-encoding circRNAs were further validated by quantitative RT-PCR and mass spectrometry. The circRNA and protein profiles were substantially altered in rat BOO model, with great expressional changes of circRNA-encoded novel proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyi Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Zhanfang Kang
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Sihua Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Xiangmao Lai
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Lilin Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Gao
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chonghe Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Jianwen Zeng
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
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Qiu Y, Xing Z, Guo Z, Liu Z. Upregulation of AQP2 mediated by transcription factor FOXO1 inhibits TGF-β-induced fibrosis in human urothelial cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1388. [PMID: 34650636 PMCID: PMC8506930 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is a common urological disease, and inhibition of TGF-β-induced bladder tissue fibrosis may serve as an alternative strategy for BOO treatment. Aquaporin (AQP)2 was reported to be aberrantly expressed in rat BOO, but its specific role was not clarified. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of AQP2 in TGF-β-induced urothelial cell fibrosis and elucidate the potential underlying mechanism. The SV-HUC-1 human urinary tract epithelial cell line was treated with TGF-β1 to establish an in vitro model of bladder fibrosis. Cell Counting Kit-8 and wound healing assays were performed to measure cell viability and migration, respectively. Cell transfection was conducted to silence/overexpress AQP2 and Forkhead box O1 (FOXO1). Protein expression was measured using western blotting. Luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were used to verify the predicted interaction between AQP2 and FOXO1. The present study found that AQP2 expression was downregulated in TGF-β1-treated urothelial cells. Overexpression of AQP2 significantly suppressed cell viability, migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in TGF-β1-treated SV-HUC-1 cells. In addition, FOXO1 overexpression exerted similar effects as AQP2 overexpression on TGF-β-treated SV-HUC-1 cells, but these changes were partially abolished by AQP2 knockdown. It was also found that FOXO1 was able to bind to the AQP2 promoter and regulate AQP2 expression. In conclusion, the transcription factor FOXO1 may upregulate AQP2 expression, thereby inhibiting TGF-β-induced fibrosis in human urothelial cells. The findings of the present study may provide a novel potential strategy for the clinical treatment of BOO by targeting AQP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qiu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoquan Xing
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoxin Guo
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoxu Liu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Correlation Between Nitric Oxide and Urodynamics in Men With Bladder Outlet Obstruction. Int Neurourol J 2021; 26:S15-21. [PMID: 33957714 PMCID: PMC8896777 DOI: 10.5213/inj.2040464.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the correlation between nitric oxide (NO) and urodynamics in men with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) by analyzing nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the urothelium. Methods We prospectively enrolled 25 men who planned to undergo surgical treatment for benign prostatic obstruction and identified as BOO in the preoperative urodynamics. Bladder tissue was taken during surgical prostate resection. Expressions of endothelial NOS (eNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS), and neuronal NOS (nNOS) in the urothelium were analyzed, and their correlation with urodynamic parameters was also assessed in all patients. We also compared the expressions of eNOS, iNOS, and nNOS between BOO with detrusor underactivity (DU) group and BOO without DU group. Results In all patients, the level of eNOS positively correlated with maximal flow rate and with maximum cystometric capacity (MCC). The level of iNOS positively correlated with MCC. nNOS levels were positively correlated with detrusor pressure at maximal flow and with bladder contractility index in all patients. The level of eNOS, iNOS, and nNOS did not significantly differ between BOO without DU group and BOO with DU group. Conclusions This study suggests that NO was correlated with bladder dysfunction in men with BOO. Particularly, nNOS may reflect the change in detrusor function.
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Chen S, Liao B, Jin X, Wei T, He Q, Lin Y, Ai J, Gong L, Li H, Wang K. M
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receptor modulates extracellular matrix synthesis via ERK1/2 signaling pathway in human bladder smooth muscle cells. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:4496-4504. [PMID: 32065420 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shulian Chen
- Department of Urology, Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Institute of Urology West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
- Department of Urology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University Zunyi Guizhou China
| | - Banghua Liao
- Department of Urology, Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Institute of Urology West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Xi Jin
- Department of Urology, Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Institute of Urology West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Tangqiang Wei
- Department of Urology, Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Institute of Urology West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Qing He
- Department of Urology, Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Institute of Urology West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Yifei Lin
- Department of Urology, Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Institute of Urology West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Jianzhong Ai
- Department of Urology, Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Institute of Urology West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Lina Gong
- Department of Urology, Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Institute of Urology West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Urology, Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Institute of Urology West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Kunjie Wang
- Department of Urology, Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Institute of Urology West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
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Lu M, Zhu K, Schulam PG, Chai TC. A non-enzymatic method for dissection of mouse bladder urothelial tissue. Nat Protoc 2019; 14:1280-1292. [PMID: 30894693 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-019-0142-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Urothelial cells contribute to bladder functions, including urine storage, urine emptying, and innate immune response. Functional studies of urothelial cells usually use either freshly isolated cells or cultured cells. Most methods of isolating urothelial cells require enzymes; however, these techniques remove proteins that connect the cells and disrupt the orientation of the cells within the multilayered urothelium. In addition, PCR or immunoblot results obtained from homogenates of bladder mucosa or whole bladder do not represent pure urothelial cells. We describe a dissection process that does not require enzymes and is able to obtain pure urothelial tissues from mice and humans. This method can isolate single urothelial cells for electrophysiology in situ and can also isolate pure urothelial tissue for PCR, microarray, and immunoblot procedures. The time required to obtain urothelial tissue from one mouse bladder is 15-20 min. This method is simple and time efficient as compared with alternative methods and therefore facilitates our understanding of urothelial biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lu
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Kejia Zhu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peter G Schulam
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Toby C Chai
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. .,Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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