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Chen J, Anastasiou C, Cheng S, Basha NM, Kahouadji L, Arcucci R, Angeli P, Matar OK. Computational fluid dynamics simulations of phase separation in dispersed oil-water pipe flows. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.118310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sjöblom J, Mhatre S, Simon S, Skartlien R, Sørland G. Emulsions in external electric fields. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 294:102455. [PMID: 34102389 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Water is co-produced with crude oils, generally in the form of water-in-crude oil emulsions. The oil and water phases need to be separated before export. Separation is performed in gravity separators with the addition of chemical demulsifiers and, sometimes, with the application of an electric field by using an electrocoalescer. The present article reviews several aspects of electrocoalescence by considering the effect of the electric field from the molecular to a macroscopic scale: the oil-water interface, single drop effects, two drop interactions, and finally emulsions at laboratory scales. Experimental results together with Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) simulation results are presented. The review begins with water-oil interface under an electric field and followed by single drop electrohydrodynamics. The electric field is shown to influence the adsorption of crude oil indigenous surface-active components (asphaltenes) due to the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) flows. The interactions between two droplets in the presence of electric field and the factors governing the drop-drop coalescence are discussed in detail. DPD simulations help to elucidate thin film breakup during (electro)-coalescence of two water droplets, where the oil film has drained out to nanometer thickness. The film is comprised of surfactant and demulsifier molecules, and the simulations capture the pores formation in the film when a DC field is applied. The results demonstrate influence of the molecular structure of the surfactant and demulsifier, and their interactions. The subsequent section describes experimental techniques to assess the resolution of crude oil emulsions at the laboratory scale. The focus is on low-field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (LF-NMR) which allows a determination of various emulsion features such as the droplet size distribution (DSD) and the brine profile (variation of the concentration of water with the height of the emulsion sample) and their evolution with time. Application of the technique in emulsion treatment involving chemical demulsifiers and electric field is presented. The review concludes with description of commercial industrial electrocoalecers such as the Vessel Internal Electrostatic Coalescer (VIEC) and the Compact Electrostatic Coalescer (CEC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Sjöblom
- Ugelstad Laboratory, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sameer Mhatre
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Sébastien Simon
- Ugelstad Laboratory, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Roar Skartlien
- Ugelstad Laboratory, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Institute for Energy Technology (IFE), P.O. Box 40, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway
| | - Geir Sørland
- Ugelstad Laboratory, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Anvendt Teknologi AS, Munkvollvegen 56, 7022 Trondheim, Norway
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Modeling of oil–water separation efficiency in three-phase separators: Effect of emulsion rheology and droplet size distribution. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2020.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Simon S, Ruwoldt J, Sjöblom J. A critical update of experimental techniques of bulk and interfacial components for fluid characterization with relevance to well fluid processing and transport. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 277:102120. [PMID: 32062168 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The present article reviews techniques to address central flow assurance and separation issues. It is our purpose to update the need for extended information in order to draw adequate conclusions about the reason for irregularities in production and how this is related to individual components or fractions in the crude oil. Our intention is to show that the mass related analysis (such as SARA, MS etc.) are insufficient for a validation of the early stage predictions concerning irregularities. The review introduces a set of new characterization and fractionation techniques such as interfacial rheology, SANS, and NMR, where the central theme is the functionality of the components and not just their mass. Two crude oil-related issues are addressed: Wax precipitation and deposition, and crude oil/water resolution. First, bulk techniques to characterize wax precipitation are reviewed. The influence of the chemistry of other crude oil components (asphaltenes) and wax inhibitor on the precipitation is highlighted. Secondly, in aqueous systems, interfacial w/o conditions are important for the stability of dispersed systems. Asphaltenes have a crucial and important role in the stability of crude oil emulsions. Here special attention is directed to properties like interfacial viscosity and elasticity as well as the adsorbed layer structure determination. Small molecular changes in these properties will have dramatic influence on the stability of the heterogeneous systems. A good example is inhibitor functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Simon
- Ugelstad Laboratory, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Jost Ruwoldt
- Ugelstad Laboratory, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Johan Sjöblom
- Ugelstad Laboratory, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Hjartnes TN, Mhatre S, Gao B, Sørland GH, Simon S, Sjöblom J. Demulsification of crude oil emulsions tracked by pulsed field gradient NMR. Part II: Influence of chemical demulsifiers in external AC electric field. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Conservative mathematical model and numerical simulation of batch gravity settling with coalescence of liquid-liquid dispersions. Chem Eng Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2019.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Henrique Pagoto Deoclecio L, da Cunha Ribeiro D, Paula Meneguelo A. CFD modeling of the creaming zone of batch gravity separation with coalescence. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2019.1611436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana Paula Meneguelo
- Federal University of the Espírito Santo, Graduate Program in Energy, São Mateus, Brazil
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Backi CJ, Grimes BA, Skogestad S. A Control- and Estimation-Oriented Gravity Separator Model for Oil and Gas Applications Based upon First-Principles. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b04297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph J. Backi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Brian A. Grimes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sigurd Skogestad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Ghanbari M, Esmaeilzadeh F, Binazadeh M. An experimental investigation of creaming phenomenon using a novel optical method: A case study of mineral oil-in-water emulsion. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2017.1379019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ghanbari
- Enhanced Gas Condensate Recovery Research Group, Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery Institute, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Feridun Esmaeilzadeh
- Enhanced Gas Condensate Recovery Research Group, Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery Institute, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Binazadeh
- Enhanced Gas Condensate Recovery Research Group, Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery Institute, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Mazumdar M, Roy S. Gravity induced coalescence in emulsions with high volume fractions of dispersed phase in the presence of surfactants. AIChE J 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.15803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Mazumdar
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Shantanu Roy
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; New Delhi 110016 India
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Aleem W, Mellon N. Experimental Study on the Effect of Parameters on Sedimentation and Coalescing Profiles in Liquid-liquid Batch Settler. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.06.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Panjwani B, Amiri A, Mo S, Fossen M, Linga H, Pauchard V. Dense Packed Layer Modeling in Oil-Water Dispersions: Model Description, Experimental Verification, and Code Demonstration. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2014.1003221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Oshinowo LM, Quintero CG, Vilagines RD. CFD and Population Balance Modeling of Crude Oil Emulsions in Batch Gravity Separation—Comparison to Ultrasound Experiments. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2015.1054508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kovalchuk K, Riccardi E, Grimes BA. Multiscale Modeling of Mass Transfer and Adsorption in Liquid–Liquid Dispersions. 2. Application to Calcium Naphthenate Precipitation in Oils Containing Mono- and Tetracarboxylic Acids. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie501296t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Kovalchuk
- Ugelstad Laboratory, Department
of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 4, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - E. Riccardi
- Ugelstad Laboratory, Department
of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 4, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - B. A. Grimes
- Ugelstad Laboratory, Department
of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 4, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Barrabino A, Keleşoğlu S, Sørland GH, Simon S, Sjöblom J. Phase inversion in emulsions studied by low field NMR. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sandnes R, Simon S, Sjöblom J, Sørland GH. Optimization and validation of low field nuclear magnetic resonance sequences to determine low water contents and water profiles in W/O emulsions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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