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Mundlapati VR, Imani Z, Goldsztejn G, Gloaguen E, Brenner V, Le Barbu-Debus K, Zehnacker-Rentien A, Baltaze JP, Robin S, Mons M, Aitken DJ. A theoretical and experimental case study of the hydrogen bonding predilection of S-methylcysteine. Amino Acids 2021; 53:621-633. [PMID: 33743071 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-02967-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
S-containing amino acids can lead to two types of local NH···S interactions which bridge backbone NH sites to the side chain to form either intra- or inter-residue H-bonds. The present work reports on the conformational preferences of S-methyl-L-cysteine, Cys(Me), using a variety of investigating tools, ranging from quantum chemistry simulations, gas-phase UV and IR laser spectroscopy, and solution state IR and NMR spectroscopies, on model compounds comprising one or two Cys(Me) residues. We demonstrate that in gas phase and in low polarity solution, the C- and N-capped model compound for one Cys(Me) residue adopts a preferred C5-C6γ conformation which combines an intra-residue N-H···O=C backbone interaction (C5) and an inter-residue N-H···S interaction implicating the side-chain sulfur atom (C6γ). In contrast, the dominant conformation of the C- and N-capped model compound featuring two consecutive Cys(Me) residues is a regular type I β-turn. This structure is incompatible with concomitant C6γ interactions, which are no longer in evidence. Instead, C5γ interactions occur, that are fully consistent with the turn geometry and additionally stabilize the structure. Comparison with the thietane amino acid Attc, which exhibits a rigid cyclic side chain, pinpoints the significance of side chain flexibility for the specific conformational behavior of Cys(Me).
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkateswara Rao Mundlapati
- Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques Et Lasers (LIDYL), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique Et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, CNES, 9 Avenue du Colonel Roche, 31028, Toulouse, France
| | - Zeynab Imani
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire Et Des Matériaux D'Orsay (ICMMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Gildas Goldsztejn
- Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques Et Lasers (LIDYL), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institut Des Sciences Moléculaires D'Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Eric Gloaguen
- Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques Et Lasers (LIDYL), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Valérie Brenner
- Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques Et Lasers (LIDYL), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Katia Le Barbu-Debus
- Institut Des Sciences Moléculaires D'Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Anne Zehnacker-Rentien
- Institut Des Sciences Moléculaires D'Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Baltaze
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire Et Des Matériaux D'Orsay (ICMMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Sylvie Robin
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire Et Des Matériaux D'Orsay (ICMMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Michel Mons
- Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques Et Lasers (LIDYL), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - David J Aitken
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire Et Des Matériaux D'Orsay (ICMMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay, France.
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Elmahallawy EK, Elshopakey GE, Saleh AA, Agil A, El-Morsey A, EL-shewehy DMM, Sad AS, Yanai T, Abdo W. S-Methylcysteine (SMC) Ameliorates Intestinal, Hepatic, and Splenic Damage Induced by Cryptosporidium parvum Infection Via Targeting Inflammatory Modulators and Oxidative Stress in Swiss Albino Mice. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8100423. [PMID: 33076496 PMCID: PMC7602666 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidiosis has been proposed to be one of the major causes of diarrhoeal disease in humans worldwide that possesses zoonotic concern. Thereby, this study investigated the potential effects of s-Methylcysteine (SMC) on the parasite in vivo followed by the measurement of cytokines, oxidative stress parameters, and an investigation of the major histopathological changes. Sixty male Swiss albino mice weighing 20-25 g were allocated equally into five groups and orally administered saline only (control), SMC only (SMC50) (50 mg/kg b.w.), and 104Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts per mouse via an esophageal tube (C + ve untreated). The fourth and fifth groups (C + SMC25, C + SMC50) administrated 104C. parvum oocysts combined with SMC25 (low dose) and 50 (high dose) mg/kg b.w., respectively. At days 7 and 14 post-infection (PI), the feces was collected from each group in order to count C. parvum oocysts. After two weeks of treatment, the animals were euthanized and the serum was collected for biochemical analysis. Next, the intestinal, spleen, and liver sections were dissected for histopathological examination. The results revealed lower oocyst numbers in the C + SMC25 and C + SMC50 groups compared to the infected untreated group. Moreover, higher doses of SMC treatment significantly reduced the enteritis induced by C. parvum in a dose-dependent manner. The hepatic lesions were also mitigated as demonstrated in C + SMC25 and C + SMC50 groups unlike the infected group via lowering the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymes and increasing albumin and globulin serum levels. SMC administration also reduced cytokines production (SAP, TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ) mediated by Cryptosporidium infection in contrast to the infected untreated group. There were marked lymphoid depletion and amyloidosis observed in the infected untreated group, while the treated groups showed obvious increase in the lymphoid elements. Moreover, the scoring of intestinal parasites, hepatic, and splenic lesions in the SMC-treated groups exhibited significantly lower pathological lesions in different organs in a dose-dependent manner, compared to the infected untreated group. Our results also revealed a significant change in the malondialdehyde content with an elevation of glutathione and superoxide dismutase in the intestines collected from C + SMC25 and C + SMC50 mice relative to the untreated group. Taken together, our results indicated that SMC could be a promising effective compound for treating and declining C. parvum infestation via restoring structural alterations in different tissues, enhancing antioxidant enzymes, and suppressing the cytokines liberation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of León (ULE), 24071 León, Spain
| | - Gehad E. Elshopakey
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Amira A. Saleh
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Ahmad Agil
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | - Ahmed El-Morsey
- Parasitology and Animal Diseases Department, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St. (former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O., Giza 18010, Egypt;
| | | | - Ahmed S. Sad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Fuad 42526, Egypt;
| | - Tokuma Yanai
- Laboratory of Wildlife and Forensic Pathology, Biomedical Science Examination and Research Center, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3, Ikoinooka, Imabari 794-0085, Ehime, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Walied Abdo
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh 33516, Egypt;
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Unexpected Reaction Pathway of the Alpha-Aminoalkyl Radical Derived from One-Electron Oxidation of S-Alkylglutathiones. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040877. [PMID: 32079230 PMCID: PMC7070667 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Laser flash photolysis and high-resolution mass spectrometry were used to investigate the mechanism of one-electron oxidation of two S-alkylglutathiones using 3-carboxybenzophenone (3CB) as a photosensitizer. This report indicates an unexpected reaction pathway of the α-aminoalkyl radical cation (αN+) derived from the oxidation of S-alkylglutathiones. Instead of a common hydrolysis reaction of αN+ reported earlier for methionine and other sulfur-containing aminoacids and peptides, an intramolecular ring-closure reaction was found for S-alkylglutathiones.
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Joshi J, Saboori-Robat E, Solouki M, Mohsenpour M, Marsolais F. Distribution and possible biosynthetic pathway of non-protein sulfur amino acids in legumes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:4115-4121. [PMID: 31231767 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Some grain legumes store sulfur in the form of non-protein amino acids in seed. γ-Glutamyl-S-methylcysteine is found in Phaseolus and several Vigna species. γ-Glutamyl-S-ethenylcysteine, an antinutritional compound, is present in Vicia narbonensis. In P. vulgaris, free S-methylcysteine levels are higher at early stages of seed development followed by a decline. γ-Glutamyl-S-methylcysteine accumulates later, in two phases, with a lag during reserve accumulation. The concentration of total S-methylcysteine, quantified after acid hydrolysis, is positively regulated by sulfate nutrition. The levels of both γ-glutamyl-S-methylcysteine and γ-glutamyl-S-ethenylcysteine are modulated in response to changes in seed protein composition. A model is proposed whereby the majority of γ-glutamyl-S-methylcysteine in P. vulgaris is synthesized via the intermediate S-methylhomoglutathione. Knowledge of the biosynthesis of non-protein sulfur amino acids is required for metabolic engineering approaches, in conjunction with manipulation of the protein sink, to increase the concentration of nutritionally essential methionine and cysteine. This would improve protein quality of some important legume crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Joshi
- Genomics and Biotechnology, London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elham Saboori-Robat
- Genomics and Biotechnology, London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - Mahmood Solouki
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - Motahhareh Mohsenpour
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Frédéric Marsolais
- Genomics and Biotechnology, London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Filipiak P, Hug GL, Bobrowski K, Pedzinski T, Kozubek H, Marciniak B. Sensitized photooxidation of s-methylglutathione in aqueous solution: intramolecular (S∴O) and (S∴N) bonded species. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:2359-68. [PMID: 23347005 DOI: 10.1021/jp312184e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nanosecond laser flash photolysis was used to generate sulfur radical cations of the thioether, S-methylglutathione (S-Me-Glu), via the one-electron oxidation of this thioether by triplet 4-carboxybenzophenone. The purpose of this investigation was to follow the neighboring group effects resulting from the interactions between the sulfur radical cationic sites and nearby lone-pair electrons on heteroatoms within the radical cation, especially the electron lone-pairs on heteroatoms in the peptide bonds. The tripeptide, S-Me-Glu, offers several possible competing neighboring group effects that are characterized in this work. Quantum yields of the various radicals and three-electron bonded (both intramolecular and intermolecular) species were determined. The pH dependence of photoinduced decarboxylation yields was used as evidence for the identification of a nine-membered ring, sulfur-nitrogen, three-electron bonded species. The mechanisms of the secondary reactions of the radicals and radical cations were characterized by resolving their overlapping transient-absorption spectra and following their kinetic behavior. In particular, sulfur-oxygen and sulfur-nitrogen three-electron bonded species were identified where the oxygen and nitrogen atoms were in the peptide bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Filipiak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland.
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Edmands WMB, Gooderham NJ, Holmes E, Mitchell SC. S-Methyl-l-cysteine sulphoxide: the Cinderella phytochemical? Toxicol Res (Camb) 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2tx20030a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Graham SK, Lambert LK, Pierens GK, Hooper JNA, Garson MJ. Psammaplin Metabolites New and Old: An NMR Study Involving Chiral Sulfur Chemistry. Aust J Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1071/ch09617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The new metabolite psammaplin N (8) that contains a sulfoxide moiety has been isolated together with psammaplins A (1), I (4a), and J (2) from a specimen of the marine sponge Aplysinella rhax (order Verongida family Aplysinidae) collected in South East Queensland. An NMR study on psammaplin J reveals its facile conversion to psammaplins A and I when exposed to methanol.
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Abstract
Metabolomic analysis aims at a comprehensive characterization of biological samples. Yet, biologically meaningful interpretations are often limited by the poor spatial and temporal resolution of the acquired data sets. One way to remedy this is to limit the complexity of the cell types being studied. Cucurbita maxima Duch. vascular exudates provide an excellent material for metabolomics in this regard. Using automated mass spectral deconvolution, over 400 components have been detected in these exudates, but only 90 of them were tentatively identified. Many amino compounds were found in vascular exudates from leaf petioles at concentrations several orders of magnitude higher than in tissue disks from the same leaves, whereas hexoses and sucrose were found in far lower amounts. In order to find the expected impact of assimilation rates on sugar levels, total phloem composition of eight leaves from four plants was followed over 4.5 days. Surprisingly, no diurnal rhythm was found for any of the phloem metabolites that was statistically valid for all eight leaves. Instead, each leaf had its own distinct vascular exudate profile similar to leaves from the same plant, but clearly different from leaves harvested from plants at the same developmental stage. Thirty to forty per cent of all metabolite levels of individual leaves were different from the average of all metabolite profiles. Using metabolic co-regulation analysis, similarities and differences between the exudate profiles were more accurately characterized through network computation, specifically with respect to nitrogen metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Fiehn
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, D-14424, Potsdam/Golm, Germany.
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10 Chemical composition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-7972(99)80011-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Abstract
Sulfur-containing phytochemicals of two different kinds are present in all Brassica oleracea (Cruciferae) vegetables (cabbage, broccoli, etc.). They are glucosinolates (previously called thioglucosides) and S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide. These compounds, which are derived in plant tissue by amino acid biosynthesis, show quite different toxicological effects and appear to possess anticarcinogenic properties. Glucosinolates have been extensively studied since the mid-nineteenth century. They are present in plant foods besides Brassica vegetables with especially high levels in a number of seed meals fed to livestock. About 100 different kinds of glucosinolates are known to exist in the plant kingdom, but only about 10 are present in Brassica. The first toxic effects of isothiocyanates and other hydrolytic products from glucosinolates that were identified were goitre and a general inhibition of iodine uptake by the thyroid. Numerous studies have indicated that the hydrolytic products of at least three glucosinolates, 4-methyl-sulfinylbutyl (glucoraphanin), 2-phenylethyl (gluconasturtiin) and 3-indolylmethyl (glucobrassicin), have anticarcinogenic activity. Indole-3-carbinol, a metabolite of glucobrassicin, has shown inhibitory effects in studies of human breast and ovarian cancers. Kale poisoning, or a severe haemolytic anaemia, was discovered in cattle in Europe in the 1930s, but its link with the hydrolytic product of S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide was only shown about 35 years later. S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide and its metabolite methyl methane thiosulfinate were shown to inhibit chemically-induced genotoxicity in mice. Thus, the cancer chemopreventive effects of Brassica vegetables that have been shown in human and animal studies may be due to the presence of both types of sulfur-containing phytochemicals (i.e. certain glucosinolates and S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide).
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Stoewsand
- Department of Food Science and Technology, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Cornell University, Geneva 14456, USA
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Marks HS, Anderson JA, Stoewsand GS. Effect of S-methyl cysteine sulphoxide and its metabolite methyl methane thiosulphinate, both occurring naturally in Brassica vegetables, on mouse genotoxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 1993; 31:491-5. [PMID: 8340027 DOI: 10.1016/0278-6915(93)90108-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
S-methyl cysteine sulphoxide (SMCSO) and its metabolite methyl methane thiosulphinate (MMTSO), both naturally occurring compounds present in Brassica vegetables, were investigated for their putative ability to inhibit benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)-induced genotoxicity in ICR mice. The mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay was used as an indicator of in vivo genotoxicity. Doses of 0.5 mmol SMCSO and 0.05mmol MMTSO per kg body weight significantly inhibited the formation of B[a]P-induced micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MPCEs) by 31 and 33%, respectively, compared with control mice. Two higher doses of MMTSO (0.5 and 1.0 mmol/kg body weight) administered to mice displayed severe acute toxicity. The inhibition of experimental genotoxicity by these two organosulphur compounds present in Brassica may, in part, be responsible for the anticarcinogenic effect of these vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Marks
- Department of Food Science and Technology, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Cornell University, Geneva
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Earl CR, Smith RH. Dimethyl disulphide in the blood of cattle fed on brassicas. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 1983; 34:23-28. [PMID: 6843091 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.2740340105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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