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Pichugov AV, Bushkov NS, Rumyantsev AV, Zhizhin AA, Aleshin DY, Strelkova TV, Talanova VN, Takazova RU, Mance D, Allouche F, Mougel V, Dolgushin FM, Ustynyuk NA, Zhizhko PA, Zarubin DN. Design of 4‐Coordinate Ti Imido Aryloxide on the Surface of Silica for Catalytic Oxo/Imido Heterometathesis. Helv Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202200030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V. Pichugov
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS: Institut elementoorganiceskih soedinenij imeni A N Nesmeanova RAN Laboratory of Organometallic Compounds RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Nikolai S. Bushkov
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS: Institut elementoorganiceskih soedinenij imeni A N Nesmeanova RAN Laboratory of Organometallic Compounds RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Andrey V. Rumyantsev
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS: Institut elementoorganiceskih soedinenij imeni A N Nesmeanova RAN Laboratory of Organometallic Compounds RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Anton A. Zhizhin
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS: Institut elementoorganiceskih soedinenij imeni A N Nesmeanova RAN Laboratory of Organometallic Compounds RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Dmitry Yu. Aleshin
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS: Institut elementoorganiceskih soedinenij imeni A N Nesmeanova RAN Laboratory of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Tatyana V. Strelkova
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS: Institut elementoorganiceskih soedinenij imeni A N Nesmeanova RAN Laboratory of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Valeria N. Talanova
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS: Institut elementoorganiceskih soedinenij imeni A N Nesmeanova RAN Laboratory of Microanalysis RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Rina U. Takazova
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS: Institut elementoorganiceskih soedinenij imeni A N Nesmeanova RAN Laboratory of Microanalysis RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Deni Mance
- ETH Zürich: Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich DCHAB SWITZERLAND
| | - Florian Allouche
- ETH Zürich: Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich DCHAB SWITZERLAND
| | - Victor Mougel
- ETH Zürich: Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich DCHAB SWITZERLAND
| | - Fedor M. Dolgushin
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry RAS: Institut obsej i neorganiceskoj himii imeni N S Kurnakova RAN X-ray RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Nikolai A. Ustynyuk
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS: Institut elementoorganiceskih soedinenij imeni A N Nesmeanova RAN Laboratory of Organometallic Compounds RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Pavel A. Zhizhko
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences Laboratory for Organometallic Compounds Vavilov str., 28 119991 Moscow RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Dmitry N. Zarubin
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS: Institut elementoorganiceskih soedinenij imeni A N Nesmeanova RAN Laboratory of Organometallic Compounds RUSSIAN FEDERATION
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Kurup SS, Nasser S, Ward CL, Groysman S. Synthesis and structure of a new bulky bis-(alkoxide) ligand on a terphenyl platform. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2022; 78:92-96. [PMID: 35079433 PMCID: PMC8739204 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989021013438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A new sterically bulky chelating bis-(alkoxide) ligand 3,3'-([1,1':4',1''-terphen-yl]-2,2''-di-yl)bis-(2,2,4,4-tetra-methyl-pentan-3-ol), (H2[OO]tBu), was prepared in a two-step process as the di-chloro-methane monosolvate, C36H50O2·CH2Cl2. The first step is a Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction between 2-bromo-phenyl-boronic acid and 1,4-di-iodo-benzene. The resulting 2,2''-di-bromo-1,1':4',1''-terphenyl was reacted with t BuLi and hexa-methyl-acetone to obtain the desired product. The crystal structure of H2[OO]tBu revealed an anti conformation of the [CPh2(OH)] fragments relative to the central phenyl. Furthermore, the hydroxyl groups point away from each other. Likely because of this anti-anti conformation, the attempts to synthesize first-row transition-metal complexes with H2[OO]tBu were not successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudheer S. Kurup
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Sandra Nasser
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Cassandra L. Ward
- Lumigen Instrument Center, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Stanislav Groysman
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
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Groysman S, Kurup SS. Catalytic synthesis of azoarenes via metal-mediated nitrene coupling. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:4577-4589. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00228k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Various valuable properties of azoarenes (“azo dyes”), including their vivid colors and their facile cis-trans photoisomerization, lead to their wide use in the chemical industry. As a result, ~700,000 metric...
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Wannipurage D, Kurup SS, Groysman S. Heterocoupling of Different Aryl Nitrenes to Produce Asymmetric Azoarenes Using Iron–Alkoxide Catalysis and Investigation of the Cis–Trans Isomerism of Selected Bulky Asymmetric Azoarenes. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Duleeka Wannipurage
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Sudheer S. Kurup
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Stanislav Groysman
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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Grass A, Kulathungage LW, Wannipurage D, Yousif M, Ward CL, Groysman S. Synthesis, characterization, and alkoxide transfer reactivity of dimeric Tl 2(OR) 2 complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:2501-2509. [PMID: 33514951 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03917a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of LiOCtBu2Ph with TlPF6 forms the dimeric Tl2(OCtBu2Ph)2 complex, a rare example of a homoleptic thallium alkoxide complex demonstrating formally two-coordinate metal centers. Characterization of Tl2(OCtBu2Ph)2 by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography reveals the presence of two isomers differing by the mutual conformation of the alkoxide ligands, and by the planarity of the central Tl-O-Tl-O plane. Tl2(OCtBu2Ph)2 serves as a convenient precursor to the formation of old and new [M(OCtBu2Ph)n] complexes (M = Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn), including a rare example of T-shaped Zn(OCtBu2Ph)2(THF) complex, which could not be previously synthesized using more conventional LiOR/HOR precursors. The reaction of [Ru(cymene)Cl2]2 with Tl2(OCtBu2Ph)2 results in the formation of a ruthenium(ii) alkoxide complex. For ruthenium, the initial coordination of the alkoxide triggers C-H activation at the ortho-H of [OCtBu2Ph] which results in its bidentate coordination. In addition to Tl2(OCtBu2Ph)2, related Tl2(OCtBu2(3,5-Me2C6H3))2 was also synthesized, characterized, and shown to exhibit similar reactivity with iron and ruthenium precursors. Synthetic, structural, and spectroscopic characterizations are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Grass
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave., Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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Grass A, Bellow JA, Morrison G, Zur Loye HC, Lord RL, Groysman S. One electron reduction transforms high-valent low-spin cobalt alkylidene into high-spin cobalt(ii) carbene radical. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:8416-8419. [PMID: 32579653 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03028g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One electron reduction of formally CoIV(OR)2(CPh2) forms the [CoII(OR)2(CPh2)]- anion. Whereas low-spin Co(OR)2([double bond, length as m-dash]CPh2) demonstrated significant alkylidene character, the high-spin [Co(OR)2(CPh2)]- anion features a rare Co(ii)-carbene radical. Treatment of [Co(OR)2(CPh2)][CoCp*2] with xylyl isocyanide triggers formation of two new C-C bonds, and is likely mediated by nucleophilic attack of deprotonated CoCp*2+ on a transient ketenimine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Grass
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - James A Bellow
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Gregory Morrison
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Hans-Conrad Zur Loye
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Richard L Lord
- Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Dr, Allendale, MI 49401, USA.
| | - Stanislav Groysman
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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Wannipurage D, Hollingsworth TS, Santulli F, Cozzolino M, Lamberti M, Groysman S, Mazzeo M. Synthesis of a mononuclear magnesium bis(alkoxide) complex and its reactivity in the ring-opening copolymerization of cyclic anhydrides with epoxides. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:2715-2723. [PMID: 32051999 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04274a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of a new mononuclear magnesium complex with a bulky bis(alkoxide) ligand environment and its reactivity in ring-opening polymerization (ROP) and ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) are reported. Reaction of n-butyl-sec-butylmagnesium with two equivalents of HOR (HOR = di-tert-butylphenylmethanol, HOCtBu2Ph) formed Mg(OR)2(THF)2. The reaction proceeded via the Mg(OR)(sec-Bu)(THF)2 intermediate that was independently synthesized by treating n-butyl-sec-butylmagnesium with one equivalent of HOR. Mg(OR)2(THF)2 led to active albeit not well-controlled ROP of rac-lactide. In contrast, well-controlled ROCOP of epoxides with cyclic anhydrides was observed, including efficient and alternating copolymerization of phthalic anhydride with cyclohexene oxide as well as rare copolymerization of phthalic anhydride with limonene oxide and terpolymerization of phthalic anhydride with both cyclohexene oxide and limonene oxide. In addition, novel copolymerization of dihydrocoumarin with limonene oxide is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duleeka Wannipurage
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | | | - Federica Santulli
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli" University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Mariachiara Cozzolino
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli" University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Marina Lamberti
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli" University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Stanislav Groysman
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Mina Mazzeo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli" University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
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Kurup SS, Staples RJ, Lord RL, Groysman S. Synthesis of Chromium(II) Complexes with Chelating Bis(alkoxide) Ligand and Their Reactions with Organoazides and Diazoalkanes. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 25:molecules25020273. [PMID: 31936557 PMCID: PMC7024303 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of new chromium(II) complexes with chelating bis(alkoxide) ligand [OO]Ph (H2[OO]Ph = [1,1′:4′,1′’-terphenyl]-2,2′’-diylbis(diphenylmethanol)) and their subsequent reactivity in the context of catalytic production of carbodiimides from azides and isocyanides are described. Two different Cr(II) complexes are obtained, as a function of the crystallization solvent: mononuclear Cr[OO]Ph(THF)2 (in toluene/THF, THF = tetrahydrofuran) and dinuclear Cr2([OO]Ph)2 (in CH2Cl2/THF). The electronic structure and bonding in Cr[OO]Ph(THF)2 were probed by density functional theory calculations. Isolated Cr2([OO]Ph)2 undergoes facile reaction with 4-MeC6H4N3, 4-MeOC6H4N3, or 3,5-Me2C6H3N3 to yield diamagnetic Cr(VI) bis(imido) complexes; a structure of Cr[OO]Ph(N(4-MeC6H4))2 was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. The reaction of Cr2([OO]Ph)2 with bulkier azides N3R (MesN3, AdN3) forms paramagnetic products, formulated as Cr[OO]Ph(NR). The attempted formation of a Cr–alkylidene complex (using N2CPh2) instead forms chromium(VI) bis(diphenylmethylenehydrazido) complex Cr[OO]Ph(NNCPh2)2. Catalytic formation of carbodiimides was investigated for the azide/isocyanide mixtures containing various aryl azides and isocyanides. The formation of carbodiimides was found to depend on the nature of organoazide: whereas bulky mesitylazide led to the formation of carbodiimides with all isocyanides, no carbodiimide formation was observed for 3,5-dimethylphenylazide or 4-methylphenylazide. Treatment of Cr2([OO]Ph)2 or H2[OO]Ph with NO+ leads to the formation of [1,2-b]-dihydroindenofluorene, likely obtained via carbocation-mediated cyclization of the ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudheer S. Kurup
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave., Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
| | - Richard J. Staples
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S Shaw Ln, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Richard L. Lord
- Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Dr, Allendale, MI 49401, USA
- Correspondence: (R.L.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Stanislav Groysman
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave., Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
- Correspondence: (R.L.L.); (S.G.)
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Grass A, Wannipurage D, Lord RL, Groysman S. Group-transfer chemistry at transition metal centers in bulky alkoxide ligand environments. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Kurup SS, Wannipurage D, Lord RL, Groysman S. Tying the alkoxides together: an iron complex of a new chelating bulky bis(alkoxide) demonstrates selectivity for coupling of non-bulky aryl nitrenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10780-10783. [PMID: 31432810 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05319k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
New chelating bis(alkoxide) ligand H2[OO]Ph and its iron(ii) complex Fe[OO]Ph(THF)2 are described. The coordination of the ligand to the metal center is reminiscent of the coordination of two monodentate alkoxides in previously reported Fe(OR)2(THF)2 species. Fe[OO]Ph(THF)2 catalyzes selective and efficient dimerization of non-bulky aryl nitrenes to yield the corresponding azoarenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudheer S Kurup
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave., Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Duleeka Wannipurage
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave., Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Richard L Lord
- Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Dr, Allendale, MI 49401, USA.
| | - Stanislav Groysman
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave., Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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Aldrich KE, Fales BS, Singh AK, Staples RJ, Levine BG, McCracken J, Smith MR, Odom AL. Electronic and Structural Comparisons between Iron(II/III) and Ruthenium(II/III) Imide Analogs. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:11699-11715. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E. Aldrich
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - B. Scott Fales
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Amrendra K. Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Richard J. Staples
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Benjamin G. Levine
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - John McCracken
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Milton R. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Aaron L. Odom
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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Grass A, Dewey NS, Lord RL, Groysman S. Ketenimine Formation Catalyzed by a High-Valent Cobalt Carbene in Bulky Alkoxide Ligand Environment. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Grass
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Nicholas S. Dewey
- Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan 49401, United States
| | - Richard L. Lord
- Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan 49401, United States
| | - Stanislav Groysman
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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Wang P, Deng L. Recent Advances in Iron-Catalyzed C-H Bond AminationviaIron Imido Intermediate. CHINESE J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201800427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Liang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032 China
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Yousif M, Wannipurage D, Huizenga CD, Washnock-Schmid E, Peraino NJ, Ozarowski A, Stoian SA, Lord RL, Groysman S. Catalytic Nitrene Homocoupling by an Iron(II) Bis(alkoxide) Complex: Bulking Up the Alkoxide Enables a Wider Range of Substrates and Provides Insight into the Reaction Mechanism. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:9425-9438. [PMID: 30015481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of HOR' (OR' = di-t-butyl-(3,5-diphenylphenyl)methoxide) with an iron(II) amide precursor forms the iron(II) bis(alkoxide) complex Fe(OR')2(THF)2 (2). 2 (5-10 mol %) serves as a catalyst for the conversion of aryl azides into the corresponding azoarenes. The highest yields are observed for aryl azides featuring two ortho substituents; other substitution patterns in the aryl azide precursor lead to moderate or low yields. The reaction of 2 with stoichiometric amounts (2 equiv) of the corresponding aryl azide shows the formation of azoarenes as the only organic products for the bulkier aryl azides (Ar = mesityl, 2,6-diethylphenyl). In contrast, formation of tetrazene complexes Fe(OR')2(ArNNNNAr) (3-6) is observed for the less bulky aryl azides (Ar = phenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, 3,5-dimethylphenyl). The electronic structure of selected tetrazene complexes was probed by spectroscopy (field-dependent 57Fe Mössbauer and high-frequency EPR) and density functional theory calculations. These studies revealed that Fe(OR')2(ArNNNNAr) complexes contain high-spin ( S = 5/2) iron(III) centers exchange-coupled to tetrazene radical anions. Tetrazene complexes Fe(OR')2(ArNNNNAr) produce the corresponding azoarenes (ArNNAr) upon heating. Treatment of a tetrazene complex Fe(OR')2(ArNNNNAr) with a different azide (N3Ar') produces all three possible products ArNNAr, ArNNAr', and Ar'NNAr'. These experiments and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations exploring the reaction mechanism suggest that the tetrazene functionality serves as a masked form of the reactive iron mono(imido) species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Yousif
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
| | - Duleeka Wannipurage
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
| | - Caleb D Huizenga
- Department of Chemistry , Grand Valley State University , Allendale , Michigan 49401 , United States
| | - Elizabeth Washnock-Schmid
- Department of Chemistry , Grand Valley State University , Allendale , Michigan 49401 , United States
| | - Nicholas J Peraino
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
| | - Andrew Ozarowski
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32310 , United States
| | - Sebastian A Stoian
- Department of Chemistry , University of Idaho , Moscow , Idaho 83844 , United States
| | - Richard L Lord
- Department of Chemistry , Grand Valley State University , Allendale , Michigan 49401 , United States
| | - Stanislav Groysman
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
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Hollingsworth TS, Hollingsworth RL, Rosen T, Groysman S. Zinc bimetallics supported by a xanthene-bridged dinucleating ligand: synthesis, characterization, and lactide polymerization studies. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09207e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Di-zinc complexes of a new dinucleating xanthene-based bis(iminophenolate) ligand have been synthesized, and their coordination chemistry and lactide polymerization activity have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tomer Rosen
- School of Chemistry
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences
- Tel-Aviv University
- Tel-Aviv 69978
- Israel
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16
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Yousif M, Cabelof AC, Martin PD, Lord RL, Groysman S. Synthesis of a mononuclear, non-square-planar chromium(ii) bis(alkoxide) complex and its reactivity toward organic carbonyls and CO2. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:9794-804. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00279j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A rare non-square-planar mononuclear Cr(ii) bis(alkoxide) complex Cr(OR′)2(THF)2 is reported and its reactivity with organic carbonyls and CO2 is investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Yousif
- Department of Chemistry
- Wayne State University
- Detroit
- USA
| | - Alyssa C. Cabelof
- Department of Chemistry
- Wayne State University
- Detroit
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | | | - Richard L. Lord
- Department of Chemistry
- Grand Valley State University
- Allendale
- USA
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