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Dietrich M, Besser M, Stuermer EK. Characterization of the Human Plasma Biofilm Model (hpBIOM) to Identify Potential Therapeutic Targets for Wound Management of Chronic Infections. Microorganisms 2024; 12:269. [PMID: 38399673 PMCID: PMC10892339 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of chronic wounds still represents a major challenge in wound management. Recent estimates suggest that 60-80% of chronic wounds are colonized by pathogenic microorganisms, which are strongly considered to have a major inhibiting influence on the healing process. By means of an innovative biofilm model based on human plasma, the time-dependent behavior of various bacterial strains under wound-milieu-like conditions were investigated, and the growth habits of different cocci species were compared. Undescribed fusion events between colonies of MRSA as well as of Staphylococcus epidermidis were detected, which were associated with the remodeling and reorganization of the glycocalyx of the wound tissue. After reaching a maximum colony size, the spreading of individual bacteria was observed. Interestingly, the combination of different cocci species with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the human plasma biofilm revealed partial synergistic effects in these multispecies organizations. RT-qPCR analyses gave a first impression of the relevant proteins involved in the formation and maturation of biofilms, especially the role of fibrinogen-binding proteins. Knowledge of the maturation and growth behavior of persistent biofilms investigated in a translational human biofilm model reflects a starting point for the development of novel tools for the treatment of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dietrich
- Institute of Virology and Microbiology, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany
| | - Manuela Besser
- Institute of Virology and Microbiology, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany
| | - Ewa Klara Stuermer
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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Dietrich M, Besser M, Debus ES, Smeets R, Stuermer EK. Human skin biofilm model: translational impact on swabbing and debridement. J Wound Care 2023; 32:446-455. [PMID: 37405939 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2023.32.7.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Wound biofilms are one of the greatest challenges in the therapy of hard-to-heal (chronic) wounds, as potent antimicrobial substances fail to eradicate bacteria within short incubation periods. Preclinical investigations using novel model systems that closely mimic the human wound environment and wound biofilm are required to identify new and effective therapeutic options. This study aims to identify bacterial colonisation patterns that are relevant for diagnosis and therapy. METHOD In this study, a recently established human plasma biofilm model (hpBIOM) was incorporated into a wound within human dermal resectates after abdominoplasty. The interaction of the biofilm-forming bacteria meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with the skin cells was investigated. Possible effects on wound healing processes in correlation with the persistence of the biofilm in the wound environment were analysed in patients with leg ulcers of different aetiologies and biofilm burden. RESULTS Using haematoxylin and eosin staining, species-dependent infiltration modes of the bacteria into the wound tissue were determined for the pathogens MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The spreading behaviour correlated with clinical observations of the spatial distributions of the bacteria. In particular, the clinically prominent Pseudomonas aeruginosa-specific distension of the wound margin was identified as epidermolysis due to persistent infiltration. CONCLUSION The hpBIOM applied in this study represents a potential tool for preclinical analyses dealing with approval processes for new antimicrobial applications. In terms of clinical practice, a microbiological swabbing technique including the wound margin should be routinely applied to prevent wound exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dietrich
- Institute of Virology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Germany
| | - Manuela Besser
- Clinic for General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Germany
| | - Eike S Debus
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Germany
| | - Ralf Smeets
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Ewa K Stuermer
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Germany
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Xiang YZ, Wu G, Yang LY, Yang XJ, Zhang YM, Lin LB, Deng XY, Zhang QL. Antibacterial effect of bacteriocin XJS01 and its application as antibiofilm agents to treat multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 196:13-22. [PMID: 34838856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus biofilms have emerged as a serious threat to human health. Recently, the development of antibiotic replacement therapy has gained much attention due to the potential application of bacteriocin. The present study sought to evaluate the antibacterial effect of bacteriocin XJS01 against MDR S. aureus, a previously reported bacteriocin against S. aureus strain 2612:1606BL1486 (S. aureus_26, an MDR strain demonstrated here), and its potential application as an antibiofilm agent. The minimum bactericide concentration of XJS01 against MDR S. aureus_26 was 33.18 μg/mL. XJS01 exhibited excellent storage stability and resistance against acid and reduced the density of established MDR S. aureus_26 biofilm. The hemolytic and HEK293T cytotoxicity activities of XJS01 and the histological analyses in mice confirmed its safety. Moreover, XJS01 effectively disrupted the MDR S. aureus_26 biofilm established on the skin wound surface and reduced the biofilm-isolated bacteria, thereby decreasing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the proliferation of alternatively activated macrophages. Compared to mupirocin, XJS01 exhibited an excellent therapeutic effect on mice skin wounds, confirming it to be a potential alternative to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zhou Xiang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Department of Neurology, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, China
| | - Lin-Yu Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yan-Mei Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Lian-Bing Lin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Xian-Yu Deng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Qi-Lin Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
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Short-Time Antibacterial Effects of Dimethylaminododecyl Methacrylate on Oral Multispecies Biofilm In Vitro. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:6393470. [PMID: 30800673 PMCID: PMC6360620 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6393470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Quaternary ammonium compounds constitute a large group of antibacterial chemicals with a potential for inhibiting dental plaque. The aims of this study were to evaluate short-time antibacterial and regulating effects of dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM) on multispecies biofilm viability, reformation, and bacterial composition in vitro. DMADDM, chlorhexidine (CHX), and sodium fluoride (NaF) were chosen in the present study. Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Streptococcus gordonii were used to form multispecies biofilm. Cytotoxicity assay was used to determine the optimal tested concentration. 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and resazurin test of biofilm were conducted to study the biomass changes and metabolic changes of controlled multispecies biofilm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe biofilm images. TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate the proportion change in multispecies biofilm of different groups. Cytotoxicity assay showed that there existed a certain concentration application range for DMADDM, CHX, and NaF. MTT assay and resazurin test results showed that DMADDM and CHX groups decreased multispecies biofilm growth and metabolic activity (p < 0.05), no matter after 1 min or 5 min direct contact killing or after 24 h regrowth. The proportion of S. mutans decreased steadily in DMADDM and CHX groups after 1 min and 5 min direct contact killing and 24 h regrowth, compared to control groups. A novel DMADDM-containing solution was developed, achieving effective short-time antibacterial effects and regulation ability of biofilm formation.
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Omar A, Wright JB, Schultz G, Burrell R, Nadworny P. Microbial Biofilms and Chronic Wounds. Microorganisms 2017; 5:microorganisms5010009. [PMID: 28272369 PMCID: PMC5374386 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms5010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background is provided on biofilms, including their formation, tolerance mechanisms, structure, and morphology within the context of chronic wounds. The features of biofilms in chronic wounds are discussed in detail, as is the impact of biofilm on wound chronicity. Difficulties associated with the use of standard susceptibility tests (minimum inhibitory concentrations or MICs) to determine appropriate treatment regimens for, or develop new treatments for use in, chronic wounds are discussed, with alternate test methods specific to biofilms being recommended. Animal models appropriate for evaluating biofilm treatments are also described. Current and potential future therapies for treatment of biofilm-containing chronic wounds, including probiotic therapy, virulence attenuation, biofilm phenotype expression attenuation, immune response suppression, and aggressive debridement combined with antimicrobial dressings, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Omar
- Innovotech Inc., Suite 101, 2011 94 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6N 1H1, Canada.
| | - J Barry Wright
- Harkynn Consulting, P.O. Box 104, Albertville, Saskatchewan S0J 0A0, Canada.
| | - Gregory Schultz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Wound Research, University of Florida, 1600 South West Archer Road, Room M337F, Gainesville, FL 32610-0294, USA.
| | - Robert Burrell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculties of Engineering and Medicine & Dentistry, 1101 Research Transition Facility, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G6, Canada.
| | - Patricia Nadworny
- Innovotech Inc., Suite 101, 2011 94 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6N 1H1, Canada.
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Omar A, Nadworny P. Review: Antimicrobial efficacy validation using in vitro and in vivo testing methods. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 112:61-68. [PMID: 27628067 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Pre-clinical antimicrobial validation testing for single and combination products, and parameters that should be considered when testing the antimicrobial performance of a medical device, are discussed. Guidance is provided on key elements required for in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial validation, including validation of microbial growth, microbial recovery, neutralization, and antimicrobial activity. An important consideration, both in terms of practicality and economics, is designing in vitro studies that bridge to in vivo testing: A representative in vitro model is used to generate data on many clinically relevant microorganisms, and then one microorganism is selected for use in in vivo testing. If the in vivo results correlate to the in vitro results, it can reasonably be extrapolated that the same would be true for the remaining microorganisms tested in vitro. Thus, the selection of relevant in vitro models for testing is critical for successful antimicrobial validation testing.
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Ajit Walter P, Muthukumar T, Reddy B. Assessment of antifouling efficacy of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane based poly (urea-urethane-imide) hybrid membranes. Lett Appl Microbiol 2015; 61:274-82. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.12457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Ajit Walter
- Industrial Chemistry Laboratory; CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute; Chennai India
| | - T. Muthukumar
- Department of Biotechnology; Indian Institute of Technology-Madras; Chennai India
| | - B.S.R. Reddy
- Industrial Chemistry Laboratory; CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute; Chennai India
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Griffiths JP, Maliha B, Moloney MG, Thompson AL, Hussain I. Surface functional polymers by post-polymerization modification using diarylcarbenes: introduction, release and regeneration of hydrogen peroxide and bactericidal activity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:14142-14153. [PMID: 20672850 DOI: 10.1021/la1023482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized diarylcarbenes are excellent reactive intermediates suitable for the direct surface modification of organic polymers, and these may be used to introduce urea and thiourea functions onto polystyrene at loading levels of up to 2.3 x 10(13) molecules/cm(2). These functions are capable of the reversible binding and release of peroxide at loading levels of up to 0.6 mmol/g and give polymers that display biocidal activity against a spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon-Paul Griffiths
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
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Rao D, Skovhus T, Tujula N, Holmström C, Dahllöf I, Webb JS, Kjelleberg S. Ability of Pseudoalteromonas tunicata to colonize natural biofilms and its effect on microbial community structure. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2010; 73:450-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00917.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Abstract
Biofilms have been found to be involved in a wide variety of microbial infections in the body, by one estimate 80% of all infections. Infectious processes in which biofilms have been implicated include common problems such as urinary tract infections, catheter infections, middle-ear infections, sinusitis, formation of dental plaque, gingivitis, coating contact lenses, endocarditis, infections in cystic fibrosis, and infections of permanent indwelling devices such as joint prostheses and heart valves. Bacteria living in a biofilm usually have significantly different properties from free-floating bacteria of the same species, as the dense and protected environment of the film allows them to cooperate and interact in various ways. One benefit of this environment is increased resistance to detergents and antibiotics, as the dense extracellular matrix and the outer layer of cells protect the interior of the community. In some cases antibiotic resistance can be increased 1000-fold. Also, the biofilm bacteria excrete toxins that reversibly block important processes such as translation and protecting the cell from bactericidal antibiotics that are ineffective against inactive targets. In the head and neck area, biofilms are a major etiologic factor in periodontitis, wound infections, oral candidiasis, and sinus and ear infections. For the past several decades, photodynamic treatment has been reported in the literature to be effective in eradicating various microorganisms using different photosensitizers, different wavelengths of light, and different light sources. PDT has been further studied to demonstrate its effectiveness for the eradication of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This chapter will focus on the use of PDT in the treatment of antibiotic-resistant biofilms, antibiotic-resistant wound infections, and azole-resistant oral candidiasis using methylene blue-based photodynamic therapy.
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Wang ZC, Lin YM, Feng DQ, Ke CH, Lin P, Yan CL, Chen JD. A new atisane-type diterpene from the bark of the mangrove plant Excoecaria agallocha. Molecules 2009; 14:414-22. [PMID: 19158653 PMCID: PMC6253882 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14010414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2008] [Revised: 01/13/2009] [Accepted: 01/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A new atisane-type diterpene, ent-16alpha-hydroxy-atisane-3,4-lactone (4) and three known diterpenes, ent-16alpha-hydroxy-atisane-3-one (1), ent-atisane-3beta,16alpha-diol (2), ent-3,4-seco-16alpha-hydroxyatis- 4(19)-en -3-oic acid (3) were isolated from the bark of the mangrove plant Excoecaria agallocha. Their structures and relative stereochemistry were elucidated by means of extensive NMR and MS analysis. Compound 3 exhibited significant anti-microfouling activity against the adherence of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, with an EC(50) value of 0.54+/-0.01 ppm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Chang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yi Ming Lin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Dan Qin Feng
- College of Oceanography and Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Cai Huan Ke
- College of Oceanography and Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Chong Ling Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jun De Chen
- The Third Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China
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Haque H, Cutright TJ, Newby BMZ. Effectiveness of sodium benzoate as a freshwater low toxicity antifoulant when dispersed in solution and entrapped in silicone coatings. BIOFOULING 2005; 21:109-19. [PMID: 16109600 DOI: 10.1080/08927010500222551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The traditional solution for preventing organisms from attaching to submerged surfaces is to apply antifouling coatings or biocides. Based on the varied defence mechanisms exhibited by biofilms, the antifoulant needs to prevent bacterial attachment during the early stages of biofilm formation. The potential of benzoic acid and sodium benzoate (NaB) as antifoulants for deterring freshwater bacterial attachment was evaluated with the antifoulants dispersed in solution or entrapped in silicone coatings. Effectiveness was based on the decrease in microbial attachment, limited toxicity, and minimum alteration of the properties of the coatings. The optimal NaB concentration when dispersed in solution, 700 mg l-1, resulted in a biofilm surface coverage of only 3.34% after four weeks. The model silicone, Sylgard 184, demonstrated a better overall performance than the commercial coating, RTV11. Sylgard 184 containing sodium benzoate had 41-52% less biofilm in comparison to the control Sylgard 184, whereas both the control and NaB-entrapped RTV11 coatings had significant biofilm coverage.
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Langsrud S, Møretrø T, Sundheim G. Characterization of Serratia marcescens surviving in disinfecting footbaths. J Appl Microbiol 2003; 95:186-95. [PMID: 12807470 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.01968.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine if disinfecting footbaths in the food industry were contaminated with bacteria and to characterize some of the bacteria present. METHODS AND RESULTS Bacterial strains were isolated from disinfecting footbaths containing TEGO 103G (amphoteric disinfectant) or TP-99 (alkyl amino acetate-based disinfectant) in five of six dairy factories. Fourteen strains identified as Cedecea spp. by their fatty acid composition were further characterized. Results from Rapid ID 32 E API analysis and 16S-rDNA-sequencing showed that all strains were Serratia marcescens. Unlike S. marcescens ATCC 13880, the isolates from disinfecting footbaths were not killed (<5 log10 reduction) by the recommended in-use concentration of TEGO 103G, TEGO 51 or benzalkonium chloride. Survival and multiplication in tap water with an in-use concentration of TEGO 103G was demonstrated for one of the strains. All strains were killed by the in-use concentrations of commercial disinfectants based on peracetic acid, hypochlorite, quaternary ammonium compounds and alkyl amino acetate (TP-99). There were no indications of cross-resistance between disinfectants and antibiotics. CONCLUSION Serratia marcescens may survive and multiply in disinfecting footbaths containing TEGO 103G or alkyl amino acetate because of disinfectant resistance. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Disinfecting footbaths may act as contamination sources in food factories and should not be used without regular hygienic monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Langsrud
- MATFORSK, Norwegian Food Research Institute, As, Norway.
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