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Guo RQ, Peng JZ, Li YM, Li XG. Microwave ablation combined with anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 therapy induces an antitumor immune response to renal cell carcinoma in a murine model. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:242-254. [PMID: 35980140 PMCID: PMC9815248 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2112007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was designed to evaluate the efficiency of microwave ablation (MWA) in combination with anti-programmed death receptor 1 (anti-PD-1)/cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treatment. After tumors were established on C57/BL6 mice, MWA treatment and/or immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment to the mice were performed. Tumor volume was recorded every 7 days. A rechallenge test was conducted on mice with tumors in the left kidney to explore the systemic establishment of antitumor immunity on day 7. In this study, during the 21-day observation period, tumors were continued to grow in all groups. However, compared with the tumor growth rate in MWA or control group, the rate in the ICI or MWA+ICI groups was decreased. Moreover, the population of CD8+T-cells was increased only in the MWA+ICI group, while that of regulatory T cells was decreased in the MWA, ICI, and MWA+ICI groups. Additionally, the MWA+ICI group had the highest interferon-γ level among all groups. Furthermore, histopathological examination revealed that CTLA-4 expression in distant tumors was reduced in the ICI and MWA + ICI groups. MWA treatment increased PD-L1/PD-1 expression; however, after the combination treatment with ICI, PD-L1/PD-1 expression was decreased. According to the rechallenge test, mice (16.7%) in the MWA group, ICI group (50%), and MWA+ICI group (66.7%) exhibited successful tumor rejection, whereas no mice in the control group exhibited the capability of tumor rejection. Overall, the systemic antitumor immunity induced by MWA was boosted when combined with anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 treatment in an RCC murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Qi Guo
- Minimally Invasive Tumor Therapies Center, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Jin-Zhao Peng
- Minimally Invasive Tumor Therapies Center, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R.China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Yuan-Ming Li
- Minimally Invasive Tumor Therapies Center, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Xiao-Guang Li
- Minimally Invasive Tumor Therapies Center, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R.China
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Garrett J, Metzger E, Dewhirst MW, Pollok KE, Turchi JJ, Le Poole IC, Couch K, Lew L, Sinn A, Zaleski JM, Dynlacht JR. Characterization and initial demonstration of in vivo efficacy of a novel heat-activated metalloenediyne anti-cancer agent. Int J Hyperthermia 2022; 39:405-413. [PMID: 35236209 PMCID: PMC9612397 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2021.2024280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Enediynes are anti-cancer agents that are highly cytotoxic due to their propensity for low thermal activation of radical generation. The diradical intermediate produced from Bergman cyclization of the enediyne moiety may induce DNA damage and cell lethality. The cytotoxicity of enediynes and difficulties in controlling their thermal cyclization has limited their clinical use. We recently showed that enediyne toxicity at 37 °C can be mitigated by metallation, but cytotoxic effects of ‘metalloenediynes’ on cultured tumor cells are potentiated by hyperthermia. Reduction of cytotoxicity at normothermia suggests metalloenediynes will have a large therapeutic margin, with cell death occurring primarily in the heated tumor. Based on our previous in vitro findings, FeSO4-PyED, an Fe co-factor complex of (Z)-N,N׳-bis[1-pyridin-2-yl-meth-(E)-ylidene]oct-4-ene-2,6-diyne-1,8-diamine, was prioritized for further in vitro and in vivo testing in normal human melanocytes and melanoma cells. Methods: Clonogenic survival, apopotosis and DNA binding assays were used to determine mechanisms of enhancement of FeSO4-PyED cytotoxicity by hyperthermia. A murine human melanoma xenograft model was used to assess in vivo efficacy of FeSO4-PyED at 37 or 42.5 °C. Results: FeSO4-PyED is a DNA-binding compound. Enhancement of FeSO4-PyED cytotoxicity by hyperthermia in melanoma cells was due to Bergman cyclization, diradical formation, and increased apoptosis. Thermal enhancement, however, was not observed in melanocytes. FeSO4-PyED inhibited tumor growth when melanomas were heated during drug treatment, without inducing normal tissue damage. Conclusion: By leveraging the unique thermal activation properties of metalloenediynes, we propose that localized moderate hyperthermia can be used to confine the cytotoxicity of these compounds to tumors, while sparing normal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Garrett
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Erin Metzger
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Mark W Dewhirst
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Karen E Pollok
- In Vivo Therapeutics Core, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - John J Turchi
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Kira Couch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Logan Lew
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Anthony Sinn
- In Vivo Therapeutics Core, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Joseph R Dynlacht
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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